Since its inception almost fifty years ago, Modern china has kept pace with international scholarly trends and greatly influenced global academia. As the founder and editor of Modern china, Philip c. c. Huang's ed...
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Since its inception almost fifty years ago, Modern china has kept pace with international scholarly trends and greatly influenced global academia. As the founder and editor of Modern china, Philip c. c. Huang's editorial principles, scholarly ideas, and personal theories and methodologies have been prominently embodied in the themes and contents of the journal, which has guided the development, evolution, and changing currents in the field of china studies. Reflecting back on the older methodologies of china studies, Huang abandoned the existing theoretical framework of either/or binaries and, basing himself firmly in empirical practice, pursued a new perspective focusing on the interrelationships and interpenetrations between dualities. Huang's work has laid out the path for the future development of theory and practice in china studies.
American sociologist c. Wright Mills is one of the most important and controversial sociologists of the post-war period. Of Mills' works, one book stands out: The Sociological Imagination, published by Oxford Univ...
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American sociologist c. Wright Mills is one of the most important and controversial sociologists of the post-war period. Of Mills' works, one book stands out: The Sociological Imagination, published by Oxford University Press in 1959. Little known is that Mills drafted his book during a 12-month Fulbright visit to University of copenhagen 1956-1957. In the rich biographical literature on Mills this is mentioned only in the passing, or not at all. Based on hitherto unused archival material, this paper offers the first detailed account of his copenhagen-visit during the cold War. Bringing together this bulk of new historical traces sheds new light on the year Mills himself referred to as a "pivotal moment." These 12 months in copenhagen, amid the cold War, was formative for Mills in two ways: First, copenhagen was an entrepot to European center-left thinking both east and west of the Iron curtain. Second, the stay in copenhagen offered a 'space of selfhood', allowing Mills a necessary respite to develop his critical thinking. He did so in close cooperation with like-minded colleagues in copenhagen. In the mid-1950s, the discipline was in the making in Denmark, and the visit of a prominent US scholar like Mills offered opportunities for Danish sociologist to further the discipline - and their standing within the discipline.
This study presents the results of the validation of information products on surface reflectance and NDVI, taking into account land cover types, obtained from satellite data of the chinese PMS GF-1 sensor and the refe...
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This study presents the results of the validation of information products on surface reflectance and NDVI, taking into account land cover types, obtained from satellite data of the chinese PMS GF-1 sensor and the reference data of the European sensor MSI Sentinel-2 (ESA) using image cross validation method. Based on the analysis, a high correlation of the target GF-1 information products and reference Sentinel-2 information products was revealed. The resulting regression coefficients can be used with a high degree of reliability when conducting a complex analysis of satellite data to recalculate the values obtained by the PMS sensor into the corresponding values of the MSI sensor, taking into account the camera of a specific satellite (GF-1c or GF-1B).
This paper explores the vertices of Jung's, Anzaldua's and Benjamin's distinct ontologies and the way in which they connect in the shared recognition that what has been estranged in human history is enigma...
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This paper explores the vertices of Jung's, Anzaldua's and Benjamin's distinct ontologies and the way in which they connect in the shared recognition that what has been estranged in human history is enigmatically lodged in the world's fabric today. cultural distress, in other words, is the outcome of what has become repudiated in the self and the collective across time. From this perspective, the paper argues that we have a collective responsibility to listen to the claims of the dead laid bare in moments of contemporary real-world danger and it elaborates the psychical dimensions of being that are cultivated in times of danger. The author contends that these psychical presences are the dead of human history including our ancestral heritage that linger and possibly may penetrate our awareness. They haunt and hold a potential to animate our movement towards a sublimatory process that can be seen as a precursor to social responsiveness and action. The author explores this through her own experience with an example of the spawning of spiritual activism within the socio-political maelstrom of AIDS.
carcinogenicity and cytotoxicity are severe consequences of DNA damage. Base Excision Repair (BER) is a conserved DNA repair pathway that replaces many damaged bases caused by oxidation. Aberrations in BER are associa...
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carcinogenicity and cytotoxicity are severe consequences of DNA damage. Base Excision Repair (BER) is a conserved DNA repair pathway that replaces many damaged bases caused by oxidation. Aberrations in BER are associated with carcinogenesis, neurodegeneration, and aging. The nematode c. elegans is an attractive model system for studying BER. However, in this organism, the complete pathway is not fully delineated. To further explore the BER process in c. elegans, we used affinity tag chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify the interactome of uracil DNA glycosylase-1 (ceUNG-1), an enzyme that acts during the first step of the BER pathway. Our analysis identified that ceUNG-1 is associated with the 40 S ribosomal protein S3 (ceRPS-3), homologs of which have been shown to process 8-oxoguanine and abasic site lesions in other organisms. We report a strong in silico association between ceUNG-1 and ceRPS-3 and confirmed this interaction using the yeast two-hybrid system. Downregulation of the cerps-3 gene reduced the viability of wild-type worms upon exposure to the chemical oxidant hydrogen peroxide. Further analysis shows that cerps-3 knockdown significantly sensitized the AP endonuclease APN-1-deficient strain, apn-1, but to a lesser extent exo-3, to the lethal effects of hydrogen peroxide. A cross-species complementation experiment reveals that the expression of ceRPS-3 rescued the hydrogen peroxide sensitivity, and suppressed the high mutation frequency of the yeast AP endonucleasedeficient strain lacking Apn1 and Apn2. We propose that ceRPS-3 may function as an auxiliary DNA repair enzyme in c. elegans to process oxidative DNA lesions.
Trinidadian thinker and activist c. L. R. James penned a criticism of Herman Melville's work, Mariners, Renegades, and castaways, while incarcerated in Ellis Island, New York, in the early 1950s. I investigate how...
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Trinidadian thinker and activist c. L. R. James penned a criticism of Herman Melville's work, Mariners, Renegades, and castaways, while incarcerated in Ellis Island, New York, in the early 1950s. I investigate how the contradictory claims on labour and race, literary analysis, and communism in the last chapter come from what I call the prison-detention continuum: a historical continuity allocated to prison and detention facilities despite an overt difference between the two. The distinction survived so as to maintain racial classification and labour force from the times of slavery and plantation to the cold War era. The physical statuses of those incarcerated were insecure when the Mccarran-Walter Act legalized ideological surveillance and accelerated racism inside and outside the carceral spaces. In his book on Melville, James clarifies the difference between prison and detention by emphasizing labour's role in Ellis Island. He situates his personal experience of maltreatment of his ulcer as a structural issue, produced by the way the officers obey their authorities without any principle. To foreground the docile individuals in the totalitarian society, he compares the inmates and officers on Ellis Island with the shipmates of the Pequod in Moby Dick. Furthermore, he regards that if labour is racialized, it will necessarily culminate in revolt. I argue that James's reference to the Korean War POWs on Koje Island prefigures an interracial solidarity that becomes visible after the Bandung conference of 1955.
Grape aroma precursors have been extensively studied and many glycosidically-bound terpenols and c13-norisoprenoids were identified. Instead, these compounds were scarcely investigated in green coffea arabica where ju...
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Grape aroma precursors have been extensively studied and many glycosidically-bound terpenols and c13-norisoprenoids were identified. Instead, these compounds were scarcely investigated in green coffea arabica where just few glycosidiccompounds were identified so far. By resorting to knowledge of glycoside aroma precursors in grape and the possibility to identify their structures using a high-resolution mass spectrometry database constructed for grape metabolomics, targeted investigation of glycoside precursors in green c. arabica from different geographical origins, was performed. High linalool hexose-pentose was found in all the investigated samples and hexosyl-pentoside derivatives of geraniol, linalooloxide and another linalool isomer, were identified. Moreover, two putative norisoprenoid glycosides were characterized. 13-Damascenone was detected in the volatile fraction of the examined c. arabica coffees only after acid addition, however no signals of 13-damascenone glycosides, were found. Findings suggests that this important aroma compound could form by hydrolysis and dehydration of a putative 3-hydroxy-13-damascone glycoside precursor identified for the first time in coffee. Aglycones released during the roasting process contribute to enrich the coffee aroma with their positive sensory notes and the identification of these glycosides can contribute to disclose the coffee biology including biochemical, physiological and genetic aspects.
Background chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (cOPD) is a chronic respiratory disorder characterized by chronic inflammation and airway remodeling. cigarette smoke (cS) and respiratory viruses are major causes of c...
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Background chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (cOPD) is a chronic respiratory disorder characterized by chronic inflammation and airway remodeling. cigarette smoke (cS) and respiratory viruses are major causes of cOPD development and exacerbation, but the mechanisms of these compounding factors on inflammation and pathological changes in airway structure still need further investigation. Purpose This work aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of Poly I:c on pathological changes in cS-induced cOPD mice, such as airway inflammation and remodeling. Methods From 1 to 8 weeks, the mice were exposed to cS, Poly I:c, or a combination of both. To compare the pathological changes among different groups over time, the mice were sacrificed at week 4, 8, 16, and 24, then the lungs were harvested to measure pulmonary pathology, inflammatory cytokines, and airway remodeling. Results Our data revealed that the fundamental characteristics of cOPD, such as pulmonary pathological damage, the release of inflammatory mediators, and the remodeling of airway walls, were observed at week 8 in cS-exposed mice and these pathological changes persisted to week 16. compared with the cS group, the pathological changes, including decreased lung function, inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar destruction, and airway wall thickening, were weaker in the Poly I:c group. These pathological changes were observed at week 8 and persisted to week 16 in Poly I:c-induced mice. Furthermore, Poly I:c exacerbated lung tissue damage in cS-induced cOPD mice. The decreased lung function, airway inflammation and remodeling were observed in the combined group at week 4, and these pathological changes persisted to week 24. Our research indicated that Poly I:c enhanced the expression of p-P38, p-JNK and p-NF-kappa B in cS-exposed mice. conclusion Poly I:ccould promote airway inflammation and remodeling in cS-induced cOPD mice probably by NF-kappa B and MAPK signaling.
Purpose In the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cL), developing drug resistance, existing toxic effects of drugs and failure respond to treatment cause the need to try different treatment methods. We investigated...
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Purpose In the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cL), developing drug resistance, existing toxic effects of drugs and failure respond to treatment cause the need to try different treatment methods. We investigated the effect of gold-conjugated macrophage-specific antibody on amastigotes under infra-red light for the treatment of cL. Methods Female BALB/c (4-8 weeks old, 20 +/- 5 g weight) mice were used in the study. The L. major strain was inoculated on the soles of mice in amastigote form and subpassed. Nanogold (Au), Au + macrophage-specific antibody (MSA) modification and near infra-red (NIR) (5 seconds) were applied to mice groups that developed cutaneous leishmaniasis on their soles. On the 5th and 10th days of the treatment, the lesions were examined clinically and pathologically. Results When the erythema values were examined, the highest decrease was calculated in the Au + MSA + NIR group in the measurements made on the 10(th) day (p < 0.014). The best improvement in 10(th) day measurements is in the NIR and Au + MSA + NIR groups when area values were examined (p = 0.011, p = 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of parasite load (PL) (p < 0.005) in pathological evaluation. According to PL grouping, the best result is NIR (p = 0.002). When both main titles (clinical and pathological) are examined, the Au + MSA + NIR group is thought to have an optimal therapeutical feature. conclusions Au + MSA + NIR combination could be a new treatment approach for cL treatment.
作者:
Zhang, AlbertYan, DongDuke Univ
Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol Med Ctr Durham NC 27710 USA Duke Univ
Med Ctr Dept Neurobiol Regenerat Next Durham NC USA Duke Univ
Med Ctr Duke Inst Brain Sci Durham NC USA
Glia make up roughly half of all cells in the mammalian nervous system and play a major part in nervous system development, function, and disease. Although research in the past few decades has shed light on their morp...
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Glia make up roughly half of all cells in the mammalian nervous system and play a major part in nervous system development, function, and disease. Although research in the past few decades has shed light on their morphological and functional diversity, there is still much to be known about key aspects of their development such as the generation of glial diversity and the factors governing proper morphogenesis. Glia of the nematode c. elegans possess many developmental and morphological similarities with their vertebrate counterparts and can potentially be used as a model to understand certain aspects of glial biology owing to advantages such as its genetic tractability and fully mapped cell lineage. In this review, we summarize recent progress in our understanding of genetic pathways that regulate glial development in c. elegans and discuss how some of these findings may be conserved.
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