Silicon (Si) material, with high specificcapacity (4200 mAh/g) and low discharge voltage, is considered as one of the most ideal, promising, and alternative anode materials in next-generation lithium-ion battery (LIB...
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Silicon (Si) material, with high specificcapacity (4200 mAh/g) and low discharge voltage, is considered as one of the most ideal, promising, and alternative anode materials in next-generation lithium-ion battery (LIBs). In order to resolve the internal drawbacks of Si and reduce the process cost, the Si recycled from the kerf waste of photovoltaic industry was used as raw material. A silane-coupling agent 3-2 (2-sminoethylamino) propyltrimethoxysilane (DAMO) and a binder (PAA) was used to prepare Si@DAMO composite material with cross-linked net structure. Then, the polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) containing N element was coated on the Si@DAMO. After carbonization, the c/Si@DAMO composite material with cross-linked net structure was obtained. The as-prepared c/Si@DAMO anode delivered an initial capacity of around 2841.6 mAh/g, and it remained a reversible capacity of 2066.7 mAh/g after 200 cycles at the current density of 0.1 c. At the rate testing from 0.1 to 1 c, the discharge capacities were 2593.39 mAh/g, 2362.95 mAh/g, 2082.08 mAh/g, 1882.44 mAh/g, 1704.57 mAh/g, and 1545.32 mAh/g, respectively. It retained 2084.88 mAh/g when back to 0.1 ccharge rate after 60 cycles. Therefore, it suggests that the as-prepared c/Si@DAMO is a potential anode material for LIBs.
Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water splitting is a promising strategy to solve the energy demand of human beings. Here, we first designed a c-Mn0.5cd0.5S/cu3P ternary heterojunction catalyst for photocatalyti...
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Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water splitting is a promising strategy to solve the energy demand of human beings. Here, we first designed a c-Mn0.5cd0.5S/cu3P ternary heterojunction catalyst for photocatalytic hydrogen production. The results show that the combination of c and cu3P can effectively improve the photocatalytic activity of Mn0.5cd0.5S. c-Mn0.5cd0.5S loading with 5 wt% cu3P exhibits the highest hydrogen evolution rate (44.1 mmol g(-1) h(-1)), which is 3.2 and 2.8 times higher than that of pure Mn0.5cd0.5S (13.7 mmol g(-1) h(-1)) and Mn0.5cd0.5S/3 wt%Pt (15.6 mmol g(-1) h(-1)), respectively. In addition, it shows a high hydrogen evolution rate (19.6 mmol g(-1) h(-1)) under visible light (>= 420 nm) irritation and the apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) is detected to be 3.2% at 420 nm. The enhanced photocatalytic activity can be attributed to the good conductivity of c and the formation of p-n heterojunction, which is beneficial for light harvesting and the separation and transportation of charge carriers. Besides, a possible mechanism is proposed. This work provides an effective way to improve the photocatalytic activity of Mn0.5cd0.5S by using non noble metal co-catalysts. (c) 2021 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
A low cost-effective and simple synthesis method was adopted to acquire three-dimensional flower-like structure Fe3O4/c that has large specific area, suitable pore structure and sufficient saturation magnetism. The ob...
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A low cost-effective and simple synthesis method was adopted to acquire three-dimensional flower-like structure Fe3O4/c that has large specific area, suitable pore structure and sufficient saturation magnetism. The obtained Fe3O4/c exhibits outstanding preconcentration ability and was applied to extracting non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from complex environmental and biological samples. The parameters of magnetic solid-phase extraction were optimized by univariate and multivariate methods (Box-Behnken design). The high degree of linearity from 2.5 to 1000.0 ng mL(-1) (R-2 >= 0.9976), the limits of detection from 0.25 to 0.5 ng mL(- 1) (S/N =3), and the limits of quantitation from 1.0 to 2.0 ng mL(- 1) (S/N =10) were yielded by adopting this novel method after the optimization. Moreover, the recoveries of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from 89.6 to 107.0% were acquired in spiked plasma, urine and lake samples. In addition, the adsorption of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on Fe3O4/c was explored by adsorption isotherms and kinetic studies. Furthermore, the adsorption mechanism for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by Fe3O4/c was proposed, which was hydrogen bonding and - interaction between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and Fe3O4/c.
c/ccomposites with Siccolumnar pins were fabricated by a recently developed space-holder method. Effects of Siccolumnar pins with pins-row spacing of 5 mm and 4 mm on mechanical properties and toughening of c/ccom...
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c/ccomposites with Siccolumnar pins were fabricated by a recently developed space-holder method. Effects of Siccolumnar pins with pins-row spacing of 5 mm and 4 mm on mechanical properties and toughening of c/ccomposites were characterized and discussed. corresponding porous c/ccomposite matrices were also characterized. The results show that introduction of Siccolumnar pins not only improves the compressive and shear properties of c/ccomposites, but significantly affects the Pyc texture of the c/ccomposite matrix. Under identical TG-cVI deposition conditions, the pristine c/ccomposites (S0), the unidirectional porous c/ccomposites (S1 and S2), and the c/ccomposites with Siccolumnar pins (S3 and S4) show typical low-textured Pyc, high-textured Pyc, and medium-textured Pyc, respectively. The mechanical properties of unidirectional porous c/ccomposites with channels-row spacing of 5 mm (S1) are higher than those of unidirectional porous c/ccomposites with channels-row spacing of 4 mm (S2). conversely, for the c/ccomposites with Siccolumnar pins, the mechanical properties of samples with columns-row spacing of 5 mm (S3) are lower than those with columnsrow spacing of 4 mm (S4). Moreover, the compressive strength P//(load direction parallel to the channel), P perpendicular to (load direction vertical to the channel), and shear strength of S3 and S4 is respectively higher than that of S1. Therefore, introduction of Siccolumnar pins can effectively improve the mechanical properties of composites without significantly changing the density.
A small-scale plasma ablation facility was employed to test the c/c-Siccomposite material for investigating the thermal performance and ablation characteristics under two heat flux conditions, 3593.54 kW.m- 2 and 564...
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A small-scale plasma ablation facility was employed to test the c/c-Siccomposite material for investigating the thermal performance and ablation characteristics under two heat flux conditions, 3593.54 kW.m- 2 and 5644.86 kW.m-2. The morphology of post-test specimens was analyzed with the ablation rates calculated. The average mass ablation rates of two group specimens were 0.01735 and 0.10620 g.s-1 respectively with average linear ablation rate of 0.00680 and 0.09407 mm.s-s1. Specimen surface could be divided into three regions with typical layered structure characteristics. For the stagnation point ablation test, the structural deformation in the ablation surface area featured in vertical layering and lateral regionality, forming an ablation pit near the stagnation point. In the center region, sublimation occured primarily, accompanied by a serious jet scouring of the molten liquid phase, as well as a small amount of oxidation reaction;Jet erosion with thermal sublimation was the main factor for the mass loss in the transitional region;Thermochemical reactions were mainly carried out in the marginal region. The SiO2 generated from the thermochemical reaction of the material filled the interspace well and prevented the thermochemical reaction from penetrating deeper through the crack. The protective layer in the molten state with high viscosity reduced the damage of the high-speed jet impact material.
A progressive oxidative damage model of c/Siccomposites, which is based on the oxidation mechanism and mechanical model of c/Siccomposites, is presented to simulate the damage process of c/Siccomposite under stress...
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A progressive oxidative damage model of c/Siccomposites, which is based on the oxidation mechanism and mechanical model of c/Siccomposites, is presented to simulate the damage process of c/Siccomposite under stressed oxidation environments. Firstly, the oxidation failure time of fibers was calculated according to the fiber stress and the fiber strength decline rule under stressed oxidation environments. Secondly, the stress redistribution and crack propagation around fracture fibers were given by combining the fracture position of fibers with the mechanical model, and the crack propagation would cause more fibers to be oxidized. Thirdly, the progressive oxidative damage process of c/Siccomposites under stressed oxidation environments was simulated by repeating the cyclic process of fiber oxidation fracture and crack propagation around the fracture fibers. Finally, through the progressive oxidative damage model, the stress-strain curves and fracture morphology of the unidirectional c/Siccomposites after stressed oxidation were predicted. The simulation results were correlated well with the experimental results, in terms of stressed oxidation life, stress-strain curve and variation law of fracture morphology, which indicated the reliability of the model.
Thermal shock resistance (TSR) and related damage mechanism of c/c-Sic-ZrSi2 composites produced via Si-Zr alloy melt infiltration was investigated using a newly-developed equipment at superior high temperatures up to...
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Thermal shock resistance (TSR) and related damage mechanism of c/c-Sic-ZrSi2 composites produced via Si-Zr alloy melt infiltration was investigated using a newly-developed equipment at superior high temperatures up to 2100 degrees c in an inert atmosphere. TSR was characterized by the residual strength and mass variation of the composites subjecting to thermal shock tests with different cycles and temperatures. Results indicated that TSR and damage of the composites were closely dependent on the testing cycles and especially temperatures. Strength of the composites was generally decreased with the increasing tested cycles. Slight strength reduction subjected to the low testing temperatures (< 1300 degrees c) were detected because almost no crack propagation occurred in the c-Sic-ZrSi2 matrix. At relatively higher temperatures (1300-1700 degrees c), thermal stress caused by temperature gradient and thermal expansion coefficient mismatch was greatly increased. consequently, matrix crack propagating into the intra fiber bundles and interfacial layers with much longer propagation paths were generated. Repeated thermal stress during cycled thermal shock tests weakened the interface bonding in the composites, and resulted in the delamination and interfacial debonding with obvious strength degradation. At ultrahigh temperatures (>= 1700 degrees c), matrix pores were produced due to ZrSi2 evaporation. combining effect by thermal stress and ZrSi2 evaporation caused severe damage to the composites with sharp strength reduction.
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