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MOTS-c and aerobic exercise induce cardiac physiological adaptation via NRG1/ErbB4/cEBP? modification in rats

LIFE ScIENcES 2023年第1期315卷 000-000页

作者： Yuan, Jinghan Xu, Bowen Ma, Jiacheng Pang, Xiaoli Fu, Yu Liang, Min Wang, Manda Pan, Yanrong Duan, Yimei Tang, Mi Zhu, Bingmei Laher, Ismail Li, Shunchang Sichuan Univ West China Hosp Regenerat Med Res Ctr Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Univ Nottingham Fac Sci & Engn Ningbo 315000 Peoples R China Chengdu Sport Univ Inst Sport Med & Hlth Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Univ British Columbia Fac Med Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut Vancouver BC V6T 1Z3 Canada

Aims: To determine the effects of the mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S ribosomal RNA type-c (MOTSc) and aerobic exercise on cardiac structure and function and explore the role of neuregulin-1 (NRG1)- ErbB2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4(ErbB4)- ccAAT-enhancer binding protein beta (c/EBP beta) in cardiac physiological adaptation induced by MOTS-c and aerobic *** methods: We used Hematoxylin-Eosin staining(HE)and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) to observe the cardiac myocardial structure, carotid artery catheterization to test cardiac function, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PcR) and Western blotting to describe the changes of NRG1, ErbB4, c/ EBP beta, and Gata in cardiac physiological *** findings: MOTS-c and aerobic training significantly increased heart weight and heart weight index (HWI) (all p < 0.05). Aerobic exercise and MOTS-c treatment thickened myocardial fibers, with a tendency of hypertrophy. Heart rate (HR) (p < 0.001, p = 0.010, p = 0.011), the isovolumic diastolic time constant (Tau) (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001) in exercised (E), MOST-c treated (M) and their combination (ME) decreased significantly, while the dP/dtmax (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.039) and dP/dtmin (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.001) in groups E, M and ME were significantly higher than those in group c, but EDP (p = 0.903, p = 0.708, p = 0.744) remained unchanged. Moreover, c/EBP beta gene levels were significantly decreased in the differential gene expression between groups c and M transcriptomics sequencing. The levels of ErbB4 mRNA (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001) and Gata4 mRNA (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.001) in groups E, M and ME increased significantly, while c/EBP beta mRNA expression decreased significantly (p < 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.001), which was consistent with the results of transcriptome sequencing. NRG1 mRNA in group E was significantly higher than that in group c (p = 0.003), but there was no significan

关键词： Aerobic exercise cardiac physiological adaptation Neuregulin 1 ErbB4 c EBP? MOTS-c

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Longitudinal temperature measurement can determine humane endpoints in BALB/c mouse models of ESKAPEE infection

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VIRULENcE 2023年第1期14卷 2186331页

作者： Dudis, Randal Scott Wong, Ting Y. Y. Escatte, Mariel G. G. Alamneh, Yonas A. A. Abu-Taleb, Rania Su, Wanwen czintos, christine Fitzgerald, Timothy A. A. Le Breton, Yoann Zurawski, Daniel V. V. Walter Reed Army Inst Res Ctr Enabling Capabil Vet Serv Program Silver Spring MD USA Walter Reed Army Inst Res Ctr Infect Dis Res Wound Infect Dept Bacterial Dis Branch Silver Spring MD 20910 USA

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a worldwide problem, which is driving more preclinical research to find new treatments and countermeasures for drug-resistant bacteria. However, translational models in the preclinical space have remained static for years. To improve animal use ethical considerations, we assessed novel methods to evaluate survival after lethal infection with ESKAPEE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, and Escherichia coli) in pulmonary models of infection. consistent with published lung infection models often used for novel antimicrobial development, BALB/c mice were immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide and inoculated intranasally with individual ESKAPEE pathogens or sterile saline. Observations were recorded at frequent intervals to determine predictive thresholds for humane endpoint decision-making. Internal temperature was measured via implanted IPTT300 microchips, and external temperature was measured using a non-contact, infrared thermometer. Additionally, clinical scores were evaluated based on animal appearance, behaviour, hydration status, respiration, and body weight. Internal temperature differences between survivors and non-survivors were statistically significant for E. faecium, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, E. cloacae, and E. coli, and external temperature differences were statistically significant for S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae, and E. coli. Internal temperature more precisely predicted mortality compared to external temperature, indicating that a threshold of 85oF (29.4oc) was 86.0% predictive of mortality and 98.7% predictive of survival. Based on our findings, we recommend future studies involving BALB/c mice ESKAPEE pathogen infection use temperature monitoring as a humane endpoint threshold.

关键词： Temperature ESKAPEE murine pulmonary infection model BALB c humane endpoints replacement reduction refinement (3Rs)

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Two new HLA alleles, HLA-B*18:200 and HLA-c*04:435 detected in Russian donors

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HLA 2021年第5期97卷 459-460页

作者： Loginova, Maria Smirnova, Daria Kutyavina, Svetlana Paramonov, Igor Belyaev, Andrey Kirov Hematol & Blood Transfus Res Inst Fed Med & Biol Agcy Fed State Budget Res Inst Kirov Russia St Petersburg Municipal Hosp St Petersburg Russia

Two novel alleles, HLA-B*18:200 and HLA-c*04:435, are characterized.

关键词： HLA‐ B HLA‐ c new allele NGS Russian

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Quantitative description of neuronal calcium dynamics in c. elegans' thermoreception

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BIOSYSTEMS 2023年 223卷 104814页

作者： Mobille, Zachary Follmann, Rosangela Vidal-Gadea, Andres Rosa Jr, Epaminondas Illinois State Univ Dept Phys Normal IL 61790 USA Illinois State Univ Dept Math Normal IL 61790 USA Illinois State Univ Sch Informat Technol Normal IL 61790 USA Illinois State Univ Sch Biol Sci Normal IL 61790 USA

The dynamical mechanisms underlying thermoreception in the nematode c. elegans are studied with a mathematical model for the amphid finger-like ciliated (AFD) neurons. The equations, equipped with Arrhenius temperature factors, account for the worm's thermotaxis when seeking environments at its cultivation temperature, and for the AFD's calcium dynamics when exposed to both linearly ramping and oscillatory temperature stimuli. calculations of the peak time for calcium responses during simulations of pulse-like temperature inputs are consistent with known behavioral time scales of c. elegans.

关键词： Thermoreception Mathematical modeling calcium c elegans

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A transcriptional cofactor regulatory network for the c. elegans intestine

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G3-GENES GENOMES GENETIcS 2023年第7期13卷 jkad096页

作者： Horowitz, Brent B. Nanda, Shivani Walhout, Albertha J. M. Univ Massachusetts Albert Sherman Ctr Chan Med Sch Dept Syst Biol 368 Plantat St Worcester MA 01605 USA

chromatin modifiers and transcriptional cofactors (collectively referred to as cFs) work with DNA-binding transcription factors (TFs) to regulate gene expression. In multicellular eukaryotes, distinct tissues each execute their own gene expression program for accurate differentiation and subsequent functionality. While the function of TFs in differential gene expression has been studied in detail in many systems, the contribution of cFs has remained less explored. Here, we uncovered the contributions of cFs to gene regulation in the caenorhabditis elegans intestine. We first annotated 366 cFs encoded by the c. elegans genome and assembled a library of 335 RNAi clones. Using this library, we analyzed the effects of individually depleting these cFs on the expression of 19 fluorescent transcriptional reporters in the intestine and identified 216 regulatory interactions. We found that different cFs regulate different promoters, and that both essential and intestinally expressed cFs have the greatest effects on promoter activity. We did not find all members of cF complexes acting on the same set of reporters but instead found diversity in the promoter targets of each complex component. Finally, we found that previously identified activation mechanisms for the acdh-1 promoter use different cFs and TFs. Overall, we demonstrate that cFs function specifically rather than ubiquitously at intestinal promoters and provide an RNAi resource for reverse genetic screens.

关键词： c elegans gene expression chromatin modifier cofactor intestine gene regulatory network RNAi collection

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Assessment of greenhouse gas mitigation pathways for Thailand towards achievement of the 2°c and 1.5°c Paris Agreement targets

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cLIMATE POLIcY 2021年第4期21卷 492-513页

作者： Rajbhandari, Salony Limmeechokchai, Bundit Thammasat Univ Sirindhorn Int Inst Technol Pathum Thani Thailand

This study performed scenario analysis using the MARKAL modelling framework to assess Thailand's greenhouse gas (GHG) emission pathways over the period 2010-2050, to explore the possibilities of achieving carbon neutrality of the energy system by 2060-2100, in pursuit of a maximum temperature rise of 2 degrees c and 1.5 degrees c by the end of the century. The shift from 2 degrees c pathways to 1.5 degrees c pathways would demand much more effort and pose greater challenges in terms of transformational changes required in the energy supply and demand sectors of Thailand. carbon neutrality in the energy supply system would be achievable with negative emissions through the adoption of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BEccS). The strong deployment of renewable energy-based power generation would also aid in the rapid decarbonization of the energy supply sector. The demand sectors would face more challenges requiring rapid and extensive deployment of energy efficient and low carbon technologies. The commercial sector may need to undergo deep decarbonization in the 1.5 degrees c scenarios by 2050 while the industrial and residential sectors will need to curb GHG emissions by a large amount even under 2 degrees c scenarios. The transportation sector would face challenges in shifting from private to public modes of transport, including wide adoption of electric and biofuel vehicles, in order to achieve the 1.5 degrees c target. Key Policy insights The attainment of 2 degrees c and 1.5 degrees c targets demand for a wide scale adoption of BEccS in Thailand resulting in negative emissions in the power sector even before 2050. Biomass, solar photovoltaics, and wind power would make up to the largest portion in the total power generation mix of Thailand in the 2 degrees c and 1.5 degrees c scenarios by 2050. Achieving carbon neutrality of the energy system by 2060-2100 is a challenging task for Thailand requiring higher investments and supportive policy actions to pr

关键词： 2° c nationally determined contribution (NDc) energy system greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions MARKAL Thailand

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Identification and characterisation of colletotrichum fructicola, c. tropicale and c. theobromicola causing mango anthracnose in the Philippines

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ARcHIVES OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY AND PLANT PROTEcTION 2021年第19-20期54卷 1989-2006页

作者： Dela cueva, Fe M. Laurel, Nino R. Dalisay, Teresita U. Sison, Maria Luz J. Univ Philippines Los Banos Coll Agr & Food Sci Inst Plant Breeding Los Banos 4031 Laguna Philippines Univ Philippines Los Banos Coll Agr & Food Sci Inst Weed Sci Entomol & Plant Pathol Los Banos Laguna Philippines

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is widely grown in the Philippines. It is very susceptible to several pre- and post-harvest diseases, with colletotrichum as one of the most important fungal pathogens worldwide. This study aims to characterise the colletotrichum species associated with mango anthracnose in the Philippines through combined morphological and molecular approaches. A total of 58 isolates were obtained from the anthracnose-infected leaves collected from 11 provinces in the Philippines. Thirty isolates were used for sequence analyses of the actin, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and beta-tubulin gene regions. Phylogenetic analyses and morphological characterisation revealed the identity of the anthracnose pathogens as c. fructicola, c. tropicale, and c. theobromicola. All isolates caused anthracnose symptoms in mango leaves (cv. carabao) in pathogenicity assays, hence, Koch's postulate was established. This study is the first scientific report of c. fructicola, c. tropicale, and c. theobromicola as mango anthracnose pathogens in the Philippines.

关键词： Mango anthracnose c gloeosporioides morphology pathogenicity test molecular phylogeny

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Treatment outcomes of HIV patients with hepatitis B and c virus co-infections in Southwest china:an observational cohort study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第1期11卷 27-33页

作者： Jingya Jia Qiuying Zhu Luojia Deng Guanghua Lan Andrew Johnson Huanhuan chen Zhiyong Shen Jianjun Li Hui Xing Yuhua Ruan Jing Li Hui Lu Sten H.Vermund Jinhui Zhu Han-Zhu Qian SJTU-Yale Joint Center for Biostatistics and Data Science Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Guangxi Key Laboratory of Major Infectious Disease Prevention Control and Biosafety Emergency Response Guangxi Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanningChina Groton School GrotonMAUSA State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control(SKLID) Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(China CDC)Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesBeijingChina School of Public Health Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA

Background:Antiretroviral therapy(ART)has reduced mortality among people living with HIV(PLWH)in china,but co-infections of hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis c virus(HcV)may individually or jointly reduce the effect of *** study aimed to evaluate the impacts of HBV/HcV coinfections on treatment drop-out and mortality among PLWH on ***:A retrospective cohort study analysis of 58,239 people living with HIV(PLWH)who initiated antiretroviral therapy(ART)during 2010-2018 was conducted in Guangxi Province,*** were from the observational database of the National Free Antiretroviral Treatment *** proportional hazard models were fitted to evaluate the effects of baseline infection of HBV or HcV or both on death and treatment attrition among ***:Our study showed high prevalence of HBV(11.5%),HcV(6.6%)and HBV-HcV(1.5%)*** overall mortality rate and treatment attrition rate was 2.95[95%confidence interval(cI):2.88-3.02]and 5.92(95%cI:5.82-6.01)per 100 person-years,*** with HIV-only patients,HBV-co-infected patients had 42%higher mortality[adjusted hazard ratio(a HR)=1.42;95%cI 1.32-1.54],HcV-co-infected patients had 65%higher mortality(a HR=1.65;95%cI:1.47-1.86),and patients with both HcV and HBV co-infections had 123%higher mortality(a HR=2.23;95%cI:1.87-2.66).conclusions:HBV and HcV coinfection may have an additive effect on increasing the risk of all-cause death among PLWH who are on *** is suggested that there is need for primary prevention and access to effective hepatitis treatment for PLWH.

关键词： Hepatitis c virus Hepatitis B virus HIV Antiretroviral therapy Mortality Retrospective cohort

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c. elegans as an in vivo model system for the phenotypic drug discovery for treating paraquat poisoning

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PEERJ 2022年 10卷 e12866页

作者： Ji, Peng Li, Hongyuan Jin, Yushan Peng, Yinghua Zhao, Lihui Wang, Xiaohui Changchun Univ Sci & Technol Coll Life Sci & Technol Changchun Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Changchun Inst Appl Chem CIAC Biol Chem Lab Changchun Peoples R China Univ Toronto Dept Immunol Toronto ON Canada Univ Toronto Dept Cell & Syst Biol Toronto ON Canada Chinese Acad Agr Sci Key Lab Special Anim Mol Biol Jilin Prov Specialty Res Inst Changchun Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Dept Appl Chem & Engn Hefei Peoples R China Beijing Natl Lab Mol Sci Beijing Peoples R China

Background. Paraquat (PQ) is an effective and widely used herbicide and causes numerous fatalities by accidental or voluntary ingestion. However, neither the final cytotoxic mechanism nor effective treatments for PQ poisoning have been discovered. Phenotypic drug discovery (PDD), which does not rely on the molecular mechanism of the diseases, is having a renaissance in recent years owing to its potential to address the incompletely understood complexity of diseases. Herein, the c. elegans PDD model was established to pave the way for the future phenotypic discovery of potential agents for treating PQ poisoning. Methods. c. elegans were treated with PQ-containing solid medium followed by statistical analysis of worm survival, pharyngeal pumping, and movement ability. Furthermore, coenzyme Q10 (coQ10) was used to test the c. elegans model of PQ poisoning by measuring the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), mitochondrial morphology, and worm survival rate. Additionally, we used the classic mice model of PQ intoxication to evaluate the validity of the c. elegans model of PQ poisoning by measuring the effect of coQ10 as a potential antidote for PQ poisoning. Results. In the c. elegans model of PQ poisoning, 5 mg/mL PQ increased the levels of ROS, MDA content, mitochondrial fragments, which significantly shortened the lifespan, while coQ10 alleviated these phenotypes. In the mice model of PQ poisoning, coQ10 increased the chance of survival in PQ poisoned mice while reducing ROS, MDA content in lung tissue and inhibiting PQ-induced lung edema. Moreover, coQ10 alleviated the lung morphopathological changes induced by PQ. conclusion. Here we established a c. elegans model of PQ poisoning, whose validity was confirmed by the classic mice model of PQ intoxication.

关键词： Paraquat c elegans Phenotypic drug discovery coenzyme Q10

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MOF-derived hollow co/c with order macropores prepared at low pyrolysis temperature as high-performance microwave absorber

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MATERIALS LETTERS 2022年 320卷 1页

作者： Sun, Xu Wang, Lei Zhu, Shuheng Northwestern Polytech Univ Inst Ningbo Xi'an 710129 Peoples R China Shaanxi Univ Sci & Technol Sch Mat Sci & Engn Xi'an 710021 Peoples R China

Herein, a new kind of metal organic framework (MOF)-based magnetic metal nanoparticle/carbon composite, hollow porous co/c composite (HP-co/c) with ordered macroporous (-60 nm) embedded in shell has been fabricated by low-temperature carbonization (500 degrees c) of ZIF-8@ZIF-67/SiO2 core@shell precursor and subsequent HF etching process. compared with its control sample of hollow co/c (H-co/c), HP-co/c composite displays significantly improved microwave absorbing properties in matter of both reflection loss (RL) and effective microwave absorbing bandwidth (EAB, RL < -10 dB). Especially, the corresponding EAB is up to7.64 GHz with filler loading of only 15 wt%. This superior microwave absorbing performance is ascribed to the stronger attenuation capability and better impedance matching characteristics induced by the ordered macropores in the hollow co/c shell. It is believed that this structural design strategy can be extended to prepare other MOFs-derived lightweight and broadband microwave absorbents at relatively low pyrolysis temperature.

关键词： Microwave absorption Nanocomposites Hollow co c carbon Materials

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