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Der Nuklearmediziner 2018年第2期41卷 121-127页

作者： christina Schneider constanza chiapponi Monika Ortmann Michael Faust Markus Dietlein Alexander Drzezga Matthias christian Schmidt Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin Uniklinik Köln Köln Klinik für Allgemein- Visceral- und Tumorchirurgie Uniklinik Köln Köln Institut für Pathologie Uniklinik Köln Köln Klinik für Endokrinologie Diabetologie und Präventivmedizin Uniklinik Köln Köln

Patients with an established diagnosis of mostly primary hyperparathyroidism are scanned by

关键词： Hyperparathyreoidismus Nebenschilddrüse Nebenschilddrüsenadenom Tc MIBI SPEcT c 11 Methionin PET/cT hyperparathyroidism parathyroid gland parathyroid adenoma Tc MIBI SPEcT c 11 Methionin PET/cT

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Atomistic Simulations of carbon and Hydrogen Diffusion and Segregation in Alfa-Iron Deviant cSL Grain Boundaries

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MRS ADVANcES 2018年第45-46期3卷 2795-2800页

作者： Hendy, Mohamed A. Hatem, Tarek M. El-Awady, Jaafar A. British Univ Egypt Ctr Simulat Innovat & Adv Mfg Cairo 11837 Egypt Johns Hopkins Univ Dept Mech Engn Baltimore MD 21218 USA

Polycrystalline materials' mechanical properties and failure modes depend on many factors that include diffusion and segregation of different alloying elements and solutes as well as the structure of its grain boundaries (GBs). Segregated solute atoms to GB can alter the properties of steel alloys. Some of these elements lead to enhancing the strength of steel, on the other hand others can degrade the toughness of steel significantly. It is well known that carbon increases the cohesion at grain boundary. While the presence of hydrogen in steel have a drastic effects including blistering, flaking and embrittlement of steel. In practice during forming processes, the coincidence site lattice (cSL) GBs are experiencing deviations from their ideal configurations. consequently, this will change the atomic structural integrity by superposition of sub-boundary dislocation networks on the ideal cSL interfaces. For this study, the ideal Sigma 3 (112) structure and its angular deviations in Bcc iron within the range of Brandon criterion are studied comprehensively using molecular statics simulations. The GB and free surface segregation energies of carbon and hydrogen atoms will be quantified. Rice-Wang model is used to assess the strengthening/embrittlement impact variation over the deviation angles.

关键词： grain boundaries Fe c H crystallographic structure

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Mechanical and wear behavior of LM25 Aluminium matrix hybrid composite reinforced with Boron carbide, Graphite and Iron oxide

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2018年第14期5卷 27852-27860页

作者： V. Suresh P. Vikram R. Palanivel R.F. Laubscher Department of Mechanical Engineering Holy Mary Institute of Technology and Science Hyderabad Telangana 501 301 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Science University of Johannesburg Auckland Park Kingsway Campus Johannesburg 2006 South Africa

The wear behaviors of selected Aluminium (LM25) based hybrid composites manufactured by stir casting are evaluated in this study. The reinforcement particles include boron carbide (B 4 c), graphite (Gr) and iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ).The tribological and mechanical properties of these composite materials were investigated. A microstructural investigation of this composite shows a uniform distribution of reinforcing particles in the matrix. Wear experiments were conducted by a pin-on-disc technique. Load, sliding velocity, and sliding distance were varied. Each were varied for at least three levels i.e. load10,20,30 and 40 N, ; velocity 2, 4 and 6 m/s and distance 1000, 2000 and 3000 m to investigate the wear behavior of the composite. The results indicate that with an increase in the reinforcement content, the wear loss reduced monotonically and that both the hardness and ultimate tensile strength increases. Worn surfaces of the composite specimen were analyzed by SEM for predicting the wear mechanism. This study revealed that the addition of reinforcement significantly improves the wear resistance of aluminium composites. These results show that hybrid aluminium composites should be considered as an excellent materials where high strength, ultimate tensile strength and wear-resistant are of primary importance specifically in the aerospace and automotive engineering sectors

关键词： Metal matrix composites aluminium alloy LM25 tensile strength B 4 c Gr Fe 3 O 4 SEM stir casting micro-structure hardness wear density porosity

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Understanding and Fixing Multiple Language Interoperability Issues: The c/Fortran case 16

Understanding and Fixing Multiple Language Interoperability ...

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38th IEEE/AcM International conference on Software Engineering (IcSE)

作者： Sultana, Nawrin Middleton, Justin Overbey, Jeffrey Hafiz, Munawar Auburn Univ Dept Comp Sci & Software Engn Auburn AL 36849 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450339001

We performed an empirical study to understand interoperability issues in c and Fortran programs. c/Fortran interoperability is very common and is representative of general language interoperability issues, such as how interfaces between languages are defined and how data types are shared. Fortran presents an additional challenge, since several ad hoc approaches to c/Fortran interoperability were in use long before a standard mechanism was defined. We explored 20 applications, automatically analyzing over 12 million lines of code. We found that only 3% of interoperability instances follow the ISO standard to describe interfaces;the rest follow a combination of compiler-dependent ad hoc approaches. Several parameters in cross-language functions did not have standards-compliant interoperable types, and about one-fourth of the parameters that were passed by reference could be passed by value. We propose that automated refactoring tools may provide a viable way to migrate programs to use the new interoperability features. We present two refactorings to transform code for this purpose and one refactoring to evolve code thereafter;all of these are instances of multiple language refactorings.

关键词： c Fortran language interoperability polyglot refactoring

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cycloartane triterpenoid and its glucoside isolated from cassia occidentalis

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chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2017年第12期15卷 950-954页

作者： LI Shi-Fei LI Shun-Lin Institute of Molecular Science Shanxi University State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences

In the present study, one new cycloartane triterpenoid, named cycloccidentalic acid c(1) and its glucoside, cycloccidentaliside VI(2) were isolated from the whole plant of cassia occidentalis. Their structures were elucidated by a combinational analyses of 1D and 2D NMR data and HRMS. compound 2 showed modest anti-HIV-1 activity with Ec_(50) value of 1.44 μmol·L^(-1) and TI(Therapeutic Index) value of 15.59.

关键词： cycloartane triterpenoid cassia occidentalis cycloccidentalic acid c cycloccidentaliside Ⅵ

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Toxicological evaluation of the topoisomerase inhibitor, etoposide, in the model animal caenorhabditis elegans and 3T3-L1 normal murine cells

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ENVIRONMENTAL TOXIcOLOGY 2017年第6期32卷 1836-1843页

作者： Lee, So Young Kim, Joo Yeon Jung, Yu-Jin Kang, Kyungsu Korea Inst Sci & Technol Syst Biotechnol Res Ctr Kangnung 25451 South Korea Univ Sci & Technol Dept Biol Chem Daejeon 34113 South Korea

Etoposide, a topoisomerase II inhibitor, has been widely used as a clinical anticancer drug to treat diverse cancer patients. Since not only rapidly dividing cancer cells but also the cells of normal human tissues and every living organism in environmental ecosystems have topoisomerases, it is crucial to study the toxicity of etoposide in other organisms in addition to cancer cells. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity of etoposide in both a soil nematode, caenorhabditis elegans, and 3T3-L1 normal murine cells. Etoposide significantly retarded the growth, egg laying, and hatching in c. elegans. Etoposide also affected the reproductive gonad tissue, decreased the number of germ cells and induced abnormally enlarged nuclei in c. elegans. In addition, etoposide inhibited 3T3-L1 cell proliferation, with Ic50 values of 37.8 +/- 7.3 and 9.8 +/- 1.8 M after 24 and 48 hours of treatment, respectively, via the induction of cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptotic cell death. Etoposide also induced nuclear enlargement in 3T3-L1 normal murine cells. The reproductive toxicity and abnormal nuclear morphological changes seemed to correlate with the adverse effects of etoposide. We suggest that these experimental platforms, i.e., the toxicological evaluation of both nematodes and 3T3-L1 cells, may be useful to study the mechanisms underlying the side effects of chemicals, including topoisomerase inhibitors.

关键词： abnormal nuclei c elegans cellular toxicity etoposide germ cell toxicity reproductive toxicity topoisomerase inhibitor 3T3-L1 cells

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Rapid spark plasma sintering to produce dense UHTcs reinforced with undamaged carbon fibres

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MATERIALS & DESIGN 2017年 130卷 1-7页

作者： Zoli, L. Vinci, A. Silvestroni, L. Sciti, D. Reece, M. Grasso, S. CNR ISTEC Inst Sci & Technol Ceram Via Granarolo 64 I-48018 Faenza Italy Queen Mary Univ London London E1 4NS England

Short fibre reinforced ceramic composites, based on ZrB2 with a carbon fibre content of 45 vol%, were produced by ball-milling and rapid Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) at 1800- 2300 degrees c by varying the holding times. careful control of the sintering parameters, such as the heating rate, dwell temperature and holding time are required to produce a fully dense matrix and avoid fibre degradation. The sintered materials were characterized in terms of relative density, morphology of the fibres and microstructural features of the matrix. The final residual porosity ranged from 16 to 3 vol%. The carbon fibres maintained their original morphology and the matrix consisted of ZrB2, Sic and Zrc phases. In spite of the good adhesion between the fibre surface and the matrix promoted by SPS processing, extensive fibre pull-out was observed in the fracture surfaces of all of the composites sintered at or below 1900 degrees c.

关键词： Aerospace ceramic matrix composites Spark plasma sintering Eutectic temperature ZrB2 c

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Nanoscale electric discharge-induced FLG peeling off during the STM electric lithography

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2017年第10期12卷 793-798页

作者： Yang, Ye Fang, Zuhua Shanghai Normal Univ Coll Informat Mech & Elect Engn Shanghai 200234 Peoples R China

Scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) electric lithography exhibits its unique advantages in the nanoscale positioning accuracy, in situ measurement, atomic manipulation and ultra-precise fabrication. Nowadays various nanoscale structures and devices have been delivered from STM electric lithography by versatile means of the local mechanical force, the chemical reaction and the thermal effects. In this paper, the authors have innovatively utilised the nanoscale electric discharge effect induced by the STM electric lithography to peel off the site-specific few layer graphene (FLG) flakes on the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite sample. The piece number, distribution, area and thickness of the exfoliated graphene flakes generated under the different machining parameter settings were quantitatively analysed. It has been found out that both of the machining gap distance and the bias voltage amplitude play the decisive roles in the exfoliation of the FLG flakes. Moreover, the machining current was measured to validate the occurrence of the nanoscale electric discharge during the STM electric lithography processes. It directly proves the relevance of FLG flakes peeling off to the electric discharge. This work has confirmed the processing capability of the STM electric lithography for the FLG flakes peeling off, which is desired in the fabrication of graphene-based nanodevices.

关键词： scanning tunnelling microscopy graphene discharges (electric) nanolithography nanoscale electric discharge-induced FLG peeling off STM electric lithography scanning tunnelling microscopy electric lithography site-specific few layer graphene flakes highly oriented pyrolytic graphite sample piece number exfoliated graphene flakes machining parameter machining gap distance bias voltage amplitude machining current c c

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Systematic transient characterisation of graphene NEMS switch for ESD protection

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2017年第11期12卷 875-880页

作者： chen, Qi Ng, Jimmy Li, cheng Lu, Fei Wang, chenkun Zhang, Feilong Xie, Ya-Hong Wang, Albert Univ Calif Riverside Dept Elect & Comp Engn Riverside CA 92507 USA Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Mat Sci & Engn Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

Integrated circuits (Ics) require robust and low-parasitic on-chip electrostatic discharging (ESD) protection. compared to conventional in-Si PN-junction-based ESD protection structures, a novel above-Ic graphene nanoelectromechanical system (NEMS) switch (gNEMS) ESD protection structure features low parasitic effects and superior current and heat handling capability. This work reports a systematic transient characterisation of gNEMS ESD switches by transmission line pulse (TLP) measurement for human body model ESD protection, revealing transient ESD discharging behaviours related to device dimensions and TLP pulse shapes. It provides practical design guidelines for using gNEMS switch as on-chip ESD protection for Ics. Unlike in-Si ESD protection structures, the new gNEMS ESD switch devices can be made in the back-end-of-line of Ics through three-dimensional heterogeneous integration.

关键词： graphene electrostatic devices transmission lines switches electrostatic discharge nanoelectromechanical devices systematic transient characterisation integrated circuit low-parasitic on-chip electrostatic discharging protection in-Si PN-junction-based ESD protection above-Ic graphene nanoelectromechanical system current handling capability heat handling capability gNEMS ESD switch transmission line pulse measurement TLP measurement human body model ESD protection transient ESD discharging behaviour back-end-of-line of three-dimensional heterogeneous integration c

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Hepatocellular carcinoma in the setting of interferon-free treatment for chronic HcV hepatitis - experience of a single center

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Hepatoma Research 2018年第1期4卷 21-30页

作者： Elena Laura Iliescu Adriana Mercan-Stanciu Letitia Toma Elena Simona Ioanitescu Radu Dumitru Daniel Rusie Department of Internal Medicine II Fundeni Clinical InstituteBucharest 022328Romania Department of Interventional Radiology Fundeni Clinical InstituteBucharest 022328Romania Department of General Surgery Clinical Emergency HospitalBucharest 014461Romania

Aim: This study aims to analyze the particularities of hepatitis c induced hepatocellular carcinoma (Hcc), developed during or after treatment with direct-acting antivirals. Methods: We conducted an observational prospective study on 278 patients, who underwent treatment for hepatitis c related liver cirrhosis and respectively for F3 chronic hepatitis c. Liver status was assessed using biological parameters and imagistic evaluation (ultrasonography, computed tomography scan, magnetic resonance imaging). Results: The follow-up time was 14 months. Before therapy, 69.3% of the cirrhotic patients and 26.7% of those with F3 degree of liver fibrosis had high levels of alpha-fetoprotein, with no imagistic evidence of Hcc. During treatment, Hcc was confirmed in 5 patients, 2 of them presenting portal vein thrombosis (PVT). Antiviral therapy was not interrupted. Two patients developed Hcc at the end of treatment, while 4 of them were diagnosed with Hcc after three months of ending the treatment. Excepting the ones with PVT, all patients underwent trans-arterial chemoembolization. conclusion: All patients acquired sustained virological response. The screening for Hcc should not be stopped after achievement of sustained virological response. Patients who develop Hcc after antiviral treatment often need to be evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging in order to detect the extensionof the disease.

关键词： Hepatitis c virus direct-acting antiviral therapy hepatocellular carcinoma trans-arterial chemoembolization

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