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Supplementation with high-dose docosahexaenoic acid increases the Omega-3 Index more than high-dose eicosapentaenoic acid

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PROSTAGLANDINS LEUKOTRIENES AND ESSENTIAL FATTY AcIDS 2017年 120卷 8-14页

作者： Allaire, Janie Harris, William S. Vors, cecile charest, Amelie Marin, Johanne Jackson, Kristina Harris Tchernof, Andre couture, Patrick Lamarche, Benoit Univ Laval INAF Pavillon ServHochelaga Blvd Quebec City PQ G1V 0A6 Canada Univ South Dakota Sanford Sch Med Sioux Falls SD USA OmegaQuant Analyt LLC Sioux Falls SD USA Univ Laval CHU Quebec Ctr Rech Quebec City PQ Canada IUCPQ Quebec City PQ Canada

Background: Recent studies suggest that eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids have distinct effects on cardiometabolic risk factors. The Omega-3 Index (030, which is calculated as the proportion of EPA and DHA in red blood cell (RBc) membranes, has been inversely associated with the risk of coronary heart diseases and coronary mortality. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of EPA and DHA supplementation on the 031 in men and women with abdominal obesity and subclinical inflammation. Methods: In a double-blind controlled crossover study, 48 men and 106 women with abdominal obesity and subclinical inflammation were randomized to a sequence of three-treatment phases: 1-2.7 g/d of EPA, 2-2.7 g/d of DHA, and 3-3 g/d of corn oil (0 g of EPA +DHA). All supplements were provided as 3 x 1 g capsules for a total of 3 g/d. The 10-week treatment phases were separated by nine-week washouts. RBc membrane fatty acid composition and 031 were assessed at baseline and the end of each phase. Differences in 031 between treatments were assessed using mixed models for repeated measures. Results: The increase in the 031 after supplementation with DHA (+ 5.6% compared with control, P < 0.0001) was significantly greater than after EPA (+ 3.3% compared with control, P < 0.0001;DHA vs. EPA, P < 0.0001). compared to control, DHA supplementation decreased (-0.8%, P < 0.0001) while EPA increased (+ 2.5%, P < 0.0001) proportion of docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) in RBcs (DHA vs. EPA, P < 0.0001). The baseline 031 was higher in women than in men (6.3% vs. 5.8%, P = 0.011). The difference between DHA and EPA in increasing the 031 tended to be higher in men than in women (+ 2.6% vs. + 2.2% respectively, P for the treatment by sex interaction = 0.0537). conclusions: The increase in the 031 is greater with high dose DHA supplementation than with high dose EPA, which is consistent with the greater potency of DHA to modulate cardiometabolic risk factors. The extent to whi

关键词： BMI body mass index cHD coronary heart disease cRP c-reactive protein cVD cardiovascular diseases c cholesterol DHA docosahexaenoic acid DPA docosapentaenoic acid ELOVL2 ELOVL fatty acid elongase 2 ELOVL5 ELOVL fatty acid elongase 5 EPA eicosapentaenoic acid FADS1 fatty acids desaturase 2 or delta-5 fatty acids desaturase FADS2 fatty acids desaturase 2 or delta-6 fatty acids desaturase GAPDH glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase HDL high-density lipoprotein INAF Institute of nutrition and functional foods Lcn3-PUFA long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid LDL low-density lipoprotein MetS metabolic syndrome MUFA monounsaturated fatty acid O3I Omega-3 Index PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acid RBc red blood cell SFA saturated fatty acid TG triglyceride

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Dynamic regulation of nuclear architecture and mechanicsa rheostatic role for the nucleus in tailoring cellular mechanosensitivity

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NUcLEUS 2017年第3期8卷 287-300页

作者： Thorpe, Stephen D. Lee, David A. Queen Mary Univ London Sch Engn & Mat Sci Inst Bioengn London England

Nuclear architecture, a function of both chromatin and nucleoskeleton structure, is known to change with stem cell differentiation and differs between various somatic cell types. These changes in nuclear architecture are associated with the regulation of gene expression and genome function in a cell-type specific manner. Biophysical stimuli are known effectors of differentiation and also elicit stimuli-specific changes in nuclear architecture. This occurs via the process of mechanotransduction whereby extracellular mechanical forces activate several well characterized signaling cascades of cytoplasmic origin, and potentially some recently elucidated signaling cascades originating in the nucleus. Recent work has demonstrated changes in nuclear mechanics both with pluripotency state in embryonic stem cells, and with differentiation progression in adult mesenchymal stem cells. This review explores the interplay between cytoplasmic and nuclear mechanosensitivity, highlighting a role for the nucleus as a rheostat in tuning the cellular mechano-response.

关键词： chromatin differentiation embryonic stem cell lamin A c LINc complex mechanobiology mechanotransduction mesenchymal stem cell nucleus

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Tensile and compression Behaviour of Boron carbide Reinforced 6061Al MMc’s processed through conventional Melt Stirring

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2018年第8期5卷 16141-16145页

作者： V. Ashok Kumar M.P. Anil G.L. Rajesh Vijaykumar Hiremath V. Auradi R & D Centre Department of Mechanical Engineering Siddaganga Institute of Technology Tumakuru Karnataka India

Metal matrix composites have large application in various fields like aerospace and automobile applications due to higher strength to weight ratio owing to their excellent combination properties. considering this fact, the present work is taken up with objective of evaluating tensile and compressive behavior of 6061Al-B 4 c composite at room temperature. The composite is prepared via melt stirring method with 9wt% of boron carbide particulates of size 8 microns at processing temperature of 750°c. Microstructural studies of prepared composites were carried out using SEM analysis. Hardness measurements of the composite were carried out using micro-Vickers hardness tester with a load of 250gm and dwell time of 30sec. Tensile and compressive behaviors were studied using universal testing machine at room temperature condition. Microstructural studies revealed fairly uniform distribution of B 4 c particles in 6061Al matrix. Al-B 4 c composite has exhibited better tensile and compressive strength in comparison with matrix alone, which increases its durability and load carrying capacity. Therefore, 6061Al-B 4 c system could be used as replacement of steel and other ferrous materials in structural applications.

关键词： 6061Al B 4 c MMc’s Tensile Strength compressive Strength

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On analogues of cR Rao's theorems for locally compact Abelian groups

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JOURNAL OF DIFFERENcE EQUATIONS AND APPLIcATIONS 2018年第12期24卷 1967-1980页

作者： Feldman, G. M. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine B Verkin Inst Low Temp Phys & Engn Nauky Ave 47 UA-61103 Kharkov Ukraine

Let , , be independent random variables with nonvanishing characteristic functions, and , be real numbers such that for . Let , . By c.R. Rao's theorem the distribution of the random vector determines the distributions of the random variables up to a change of location. We prove an analogue of this theorem for independent random variables with values in a locally compact Abelian group. We also prove an analogue of a similar ***'s theorem for independent random variables with values in an -adic solenoid. In so doing coefficients of linear forms are continuous endomorphisms of the group.

关键词： Gaussian distribution c R Rao's theorem locally compact Abelian group functional equation

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Submucosal Injection of Dexamethasone Reduces Postoperative Discomfort After Third-Molar Extraction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (vol 148, pg 81, 2017)

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERIcAN DENTAL ASSOcIATION 2017年第5期148卷 287-287页

作者： chen, Qian Chongqing Med Univ Chongqing Municipal Key Lab Oral Biomed Engn High Coll Stomatol Chongqing Key Lab Oral Dis & Biomed Sci Chongqing Peoples R China

Abstract Background The authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of dexamethasone (DX) on edema, trismus, and pain during early and late postoperative periods after third-molar (M3) extraction. Types of Studies Reviewed The authors identified eligible reports by searching PubMed, Embase, and the cochrane central Register of controlled Trials up through April 2016. The full text of the studies that met the minimum inclusion requirements were those in which the investigators evaluated the effects of submucosal injection of DX compared with inactive treatments in patients undergoing surgical extraction of an M3. Results The authors included 11 eligible trials in this study. Participants receiving DX had significantly less edema during both early (standardized mean difference, 3.28; 95% confidence interval [cI], 2.21-4.36; P < .00001) and late (standardized mean difference, 0.56; 95% cI, 0.27-0.86; P < .00001) periods after surgery, as well as less trismus than did control participants during the early (standardized mean difference, 5.34; 95% cI, 2.44-8.24; P = .004) phase, but there was no strong evidence for the reduction of trismus in the late period. Because of heterogeneity in intervention and outcome assessments across the studies, the authors only qualitatively summarized pain outcomes. conclusions and Practical Implications The findings of this study suggest that submucosal injection of DX reduced not only early and late edema but also early trismus in experimental compared with control participants after M3 extraction, which makes it a likely choice for dental clinical use. However, larger and higher-quality trials are needed to guard against bias to confirm the effect in late trismus and pain.

关键词： Dexamethasone third-molar extraction edema trismus pain meta-analysis c control group DX Dexamethasone E Experimental group M3 Third molar MeSH Medical Subject Headings NR Not reported RcT Randomized controlled trial SM Submucosal injection VAS Visual analog scale

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强激光辐照对3c-Sic晶体结构稳定性的影响

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物理学报 2015年第4期64卷 252-258页

作者：邓发明高涛沈艳红龚艳蓉四川民族学院数学系康定626001 四川大学原子与分子物理研究所成都610065

使用基于密度泛函微扰理论的线性响应方法,模拟研究了强激光辐照对闪锌矿结构的碳化硅晶体结构稳定性的影响.通过计算在不同电子温度下3c-Sic晶体的声子色散曲线,发现3c-Sic的横声学声子频率随电子温度的升高会出现虚频,其临界电子温度... 详细信息

使用基于密度泛函微扰理论的线性响应方法,模拟研究了强激光辐照对闪锌矿结构的碳化硅晶体结构稳定性的影响.通过计算在不同电子温度下3c-Sic晶体的声子色散曲线,发现3c-Sic的横声学声子频率随电子温度的升高会出现虚频,其临界电子温度是3.395 eV.结果表明,在强激光辐照下3c-Sic晶体变得不稳定,这与以前对金刚石结构的碳、硅和闪锌矿结构的砷化镓、锑化铟的研究结果非常类似.电子温度在0—4.50 eV范围内时,3c-Sic晶体在Γ点的LO-TO分裂度随电子温度的升高而增大,超过4.50 eV后随电子温度的升高而减小.这表明只有在足够强的激光辐照下,电子激发才会削弱晶体的离子性强度.

关键词： 3c-Si c 晶格稳定性激光辐照密度泛函微扰理论

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Possible benefits and challenges associated with production of chickpea in inland South Africa

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AcTA AGRIcULTURAE ScANDINAVIcA SEcTION B-SOIL AND PLANT ScIENcE 2018年第6期68卷 479-488页

作者： Mpai, Tiisetso Maseko, Sipho Thulane Tshwane Univ Technol Dept Crop Sci Pretoria South Africa

In South Africa, chickpea is becoming one of most consumed pulses but its demand is currently met through imports. In general, the imported chickpea grain is likely costly with a relatively lower nutritional value as is largely the case with most imported food products. In this review paper, we discuss how its production in South Africa would improve the nutritional status of humans and livestock and enhance the fertility status of cropping fields. Other benefits include that its production would be of financial reward to local farmers and ensure better nutritional quality and boost the country's economy and global competiveness. Studies conducted in South Africa have assessed the crop's suitable planting season and where planted in winter, irrigation has sustained its growth. We discuss challenges of its plantation in the dry winter season given the on-going water restrictions on agricultural activities, drought, low water levels in dams, and water scarcity. Suggestions include identification of low-temperature locations and fields experiments be established to assess the crop's adaptation to summer cropping. Field studies conducted locally have also included the nutritional requirements of chickpea. The review discusses possible solutions to low soil fertility suggest the use of plant biostimulants for enhanced fertiliser use.

关键词： chickpea c N ratio desi kabuli plant biostimulants smallholder soil fertility

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Solvent Interface Trapping as an Effective Technique to Fabricate Graphite-Nanomaterial composite Thin Films

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MRS ADVANcES 2018年第1-2期3卷 19-23页

作者： Padmanabhan, Medini Meyen, Rachel Houghton, Kerri St John, Miles Rhode Isl Coll Dept Phys Sci Providence RI 02908 USA

Natural graphite can be exfoliated into thin films by trapping it at the interface between water and heptane [S. J Woltornist, A. J. Oyer, J-M. Y. carrillo, A.V. Dobrynin, and D.H. Adamson, AcS Nano 7, 7062 (2013)]. In this work, we add functional elements into these graphitic thin films by introducing additives into the water phase prior to exfoliation. We report the successful incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles thereby enabling the composite films to act as effective ultraviolet photodetectors. In a similar manner, integration of silver nanowires is achieved, which results in an enhancement of the electrical conductivity of graphite.

关键词： c composite thin film

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一种基于System c语言的模型检测方法

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广西民族大学学报（自然科学版） 2016年第3期22卷 80-85页

作者：吴丽佳于琼靳庆庚广西民族大学广西混杂计算与集成电路设计分析重点实验室广西南宁530006

System c语言在软硬件协同设计过程中被广泛用来建模和仿真.笔者提出了一种验证System c设计的方法,即通过把System c设计映射成为一个具有良好定义语义的UPPAAL时间自动机.System c设计的结构和非正式定义的行为在形成的UPPAAL时间自... 详细信息

System c语言在软硬件协同设计过程中被广泛用来建模和仿真.笔者提出了一种验证System c设计的方法,即通过把System c设计映射成为一个具有良好定义语义的UPPAAL时间自动机.System c设计的结构和非正式定义的行为在形成的UPPAAL时间自动机中得到了完整的保留.产生的UPPAAL模型允许使用UPPAAL模型检查器和其配套工具来进行验证.模型检查器用来验证设计的一些重要属性,比如活性,死锁问题和时间约束属性.通过对两个实例的活性、安全性和时间属性的验证来证明该方法的适用性.

关键词： System c 时间自动机模型检测

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Effects of chlamydia trachomatis infection on sperm chromatin condensation and DNA integrity

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ANDROLOGIA 2018年第3期50卷 2018 Apr;50(3)页

作者： Marvast, L. Dehghan Talebi, A. R. Ghasemzadeh, J. Hosseini, A. Pacey, A. A. Univ Sheffield Acad Unit Reprod & Dev Med Dept Human Metab Sheffield S Yorkshire England Shahid Sadoughi Univ Med Sci Res & Clin Ctr Infertil Yazd Iran

The present study was performed to investigate the relation of chlamydia trachomatis infection to sperm chromatin/DNA integrity in a population of infertile men (male partner of infertile couples) from Iran. Blood, semen and first-void urine samples were obtained from 250 infertile men. Data were analysed with regard to the results of (i) serological analysis for specific antibodies to *** in serum;(ii) the presence of *** and DNA in first-void urine;and (iii) in the semen sample of the male partner, in addition to sperm analysis, four different tests (aniline blue, chromomycin A3, acridine orange and TUNEL) were used to detect sperm chromatin and DNA abnormalities. The main conclusions of the results were: (i) no evidence of *** infection in semen samples was found;(ii) sperm DNA fragmentation and chromatin studies were not correlated with *** diagnosis;(iii) the percentage of DNA fragmentation is positively correlated with the percentage of immotile sperm but negatively with semen volume, normal morphology;and (iv) in sperm chromatin evaluations, only the percentage of chromatin protamination was related to male age.

关键词： c trachomatis DNA infertility sperm chromatin

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