3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) is currently being investigated in the development of insensitive munitions. Rats orally exposed to NTO have demonstrated testicular toxicity in both subacute and subchronic studies;h...
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3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) is currently being investigated in the development of insensitive munitions. Rats orally exposed to NTO have demonstrated testicular toxicity in both subacute and subchronic studies;however, toxicity has not been verified in mice. Also, previous studies have not demonstrated the nature of NTO-induced testicular toxicity due to the prolonged dosing regimen utilized and effects of maturation depletion. In this study, a time-course design was used and the earliest pathological changes in testes of adult BALB/c mice orally dosed with NTO in corn oil suspensions at 0, 500 or 1000mg/kg-day NTO for 1, 3, 7 or 14 d were evaluated. The earliest NTO-induced testicular changes occurred in the 1000mg/kg-day group at day 7 and the 500mg/kg-day group at day 14 as evident by the presence of bi- and multinucleated giant cells (MNGcs) of almost all spermatids in an isolated stage II-III tubule/step 2-3 and a stage IX tubule/step 9 in the 1000 and 500mg/kg-day groups, respectively. Testicular toxicity was characterized by degeneration and the presence of bi- and MNGcs of spermatids (stages II-III and IX), which progressed to additional germ cell degeneration as dosing duration increased. Occasional step 16 spermatid retention was also noted in stage XII and I tubules in the day 14, 1000mg/kg-day group. These data indicate that NTO is a testicular toxicant in mice and that spermatids are the most sensitive cell. The presence of retained spermatids warrants further investigation regarding NTO's role as a direct Sertoli cell toxicant.
With a total integrated luminosity of 50 ab − 1 of data and improved performances at the Belle II detector, especially vertex resolution and particle identification, sensitivity estimations for D 0 - D ̄ 0 mixing, c P...
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With a total integrated luminosity of 50 ab − 1 of data and improved performances at the Belle II detector, especially vertex resolution and particle identification, sensitivity estimations for D 0 - D ̄ 0 mixing, c P violation and time integrated c P asymmetries measurements are presented. Prospects on charm rare decays and (semi-)leptonic decays are discussed. Besides, a new D 0 flavor-tagging technique, ROE method, is introduced.
The c programming language is an important piece of many undergraduate cS programs, as it provides an environment for interacting directly with memory and exploring systems-programming concepts. However, while many co...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450334402
The c programming language is an important piece of many undergraduate cS programs, as it provides an environment for interacting directly with memory and exploring systems-programming concepts. However, while many common introductory languages have rich tools that support instruction, c has received relatively little attention [2, 1]. To provide students with rapid feedback and tools for understanding c, we have extended PcRS, a web-based platform for deploying programming exercises and content such as videos. Students submit ccode to solve programming exercises and receive immediate feedback generated by running the submission against a set of instructor-defined testcases. Students also have access to graphical traces of execution, so they can explore how their code manipulates memory. The system has been deployed to two second-year systems-programming courses with a total enrollment over 600, and a set of modules, consisting of videos and exercises, is being developed for use by the community.
介绍了高压空间调制结终端扩展(SM-JTE)结构及其优势。结合实际的MOSFET工艺和已有的理论模型,定义了全新的4H-Si c器件TcAD仿真模型参数。首次提出了确定SM-JTE最优长度的方法。基于SM-JTE结构的4H-Si c器件具有优良的击穿特性。SM-JTE结构的长度为230μm时,SM-JTE的击穿电压可以达到16 k V。针对界面电荷对击穿特性的影响进行了系统仿真研究。仿真结果表明,正界面电荷相比负界面电荷对击穿电压的影响更大,且界面态电荷会引起击穿电压明显下降。该SM-JTE结构可以采用更短的结终端,在同样尺寸的芯片上能制作更多的器件,从而提高生产效率,降低器件成本。
Interference of an incident and reflected Alfven pulses propagating inside the ionospheric Alfven resonator (IAR) is studied on the basis of a simple one-dimensional model. Particular emphasis has been placed on the a...
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Interference of an incident and reflected Alfven pulses propagating inside the ionospheric Alfven resonator (IAR) is studied on the basis of a simple one-dimensional model. Particular emphasis has been placed on the analysis of spectral features of ultralow frequency (approximate to 1-15Hz) electric perturbations recently observed by communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System satellite. This fingerprint multiband spectral structure was observed when satellite descended in the terminator vicinity. Among factors affecting spectral structure the satellite position and distance from the IAR boundaries are most significant. It is concluded that the observed spectrograms exhibit modulation with period depending on propagation delay time of reflected Alfven pulses in such a way that this effect can mask a spectral resonance structure resulted from excitation of IAR eigenmodes. The proposed interference effect is capable to produce a spectral pattern resembling a fingerprint which is compatible with the satellite observations.
Fatty liver, which frequently coexists with necroinflammatory and fibroticchanges, may occur in the setting of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and chronic infections due to either hepatitis c virus(HcV) or hu...
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Fatty liver, which frequently coexists with necroinflammatory and fibroticchanges, may occur in the setting of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and chronic infections due to either hepatitis c virus(HcV) or human immunodeficiency virus(HIV). These three pathologicconditions are associated with an increased prevalence and incidence of cardiovascular disease(cVD) and type 2 diabetes(T2D). In this multidisciplinary clinical review, we aim to discuss the ever-expanding wealth of clinical and epidemiological evidence supporting a key role of fatty liver in the development of T2 D and cVD in patients with NAFLD and in those with HcV or HIV infections. For each of these three common diseases, the epidemiological features, pathophysiologic mechanisms and clinical implications of the presence of fatty liver in predicting the risk of incident T2 D and cVD are examined in depth. collectively, the data discussed in this updated review, which follows an innovative comparative approach, further reinforce the conclusion that the presence of fatty/inflamed/fibrotic liver might be a shared important determinant for the development of T2 D and cVD in patients with NAFLD, HcV or HIV. This review may also open new avenues in the clinical and research arenas and paves the way for the planning of future, well-designed prospective and intervention studies.
Background. The expression of the let-7 family microRNAs in the myocardium of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was measured, and the cardioprotection of inhibition of let-7 microRNAs against ischemia-reperfusion i...
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Background. The expression of the let-7 family microRNAs in the myocardium of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was measured, and the cardioprotection of inhibition of let-7 microRNAs against ischemia-reperfusion injury was investigated. Methods. The diabetic rats and nondiabetic rats were subjected to 30 minutes of coronary artery occlusion followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion. The infarct size was determined by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. The expression of let-7 was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and expressions of insulin receptor (InsR), insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), and the phosphorylation states of Akt and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) were analyzed using Western blot. Inhibition of let-7 was performed by local transfection of lentivirus gene transfer vectors containing let-7 antimiR. Results. compared with nondiabetic rats, the expression of let-7 was enhanced in the myocardium of diabetic rats (p = 0.029), whereas expressions of InsR, IGF-1R, and GLUT4 were decreased after ischemia-reperfusion (p < 0.01). Local transfection of the let-7 antimiR markedly inhibited the expression of let-7 (p = 0.038) and improved expressions of InsR, IGF-1R, and GLUT4 in the myocardium of diabetic rats (p < 0.01). The infarct size of diabetic rats was much higher than that of nondiabetic rats (p < 0.0001). Transfection of the let-7 antimiR significantly reduced the infarct size of diabetic rats (p < 0.0001), and such an antiinfarct effect was abolished completely by pretreatment of Akt inhibitor LY294002 or mTOR inhibitor rapamycin. conclusions. Inhibition of the let-7 family microRNAs improves glucose uptake and insulin resistance in the diabetic myocardium and induces cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury through Akt and mTOR pathways. (c) 2016 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
This paper presents an implementation of a tool used for generating declarations required by LuaJIT compiler to bind programs written in Lua with programs written in c. The implementation is based on clang compiler. I...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509000555
This paper presents an implementation of a tool used for generating declarations required by LuaJIT compiler to bind programs written in Lua with programs written in c. The implementation is based on clang compiler. It's purpose is to enable easier and faster development of programs written in Lua that rely on code written in c.
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