The dynamical mechanisms underlying thermoreception in the nematode c. elegans are studied with a mathematical model for the amphid finger-like ciliated (AFD) neurons. The equations, equipped with Arrhenius temperatur...
详细信息
The dynamical mechanisms underlying thermoreception in the nematode c. elegans are studied with a mathematical model for the amphid finger-like ciliated (AFD) neurons. The equations, equipped with Arrhenius temperature factors, account for the worm's thermotaxis when seeking environments at its cultivation temperature, and for the AFD's calcium dynamics when exposed to both linearly ramping and oscillatory temperature stimuli. calculations of the peak time for calcium responses during simulations of pulse-like temperature inputs are consistent with known behavioral time scales of c. elegans.
chromatin modifiers and transcriptional cofactors (collectively referred to as cFs) work with DNA-binding transcription factors (TFs) to regulate gene expression. In multicellular eukaryotes, distinct tissues each exe...
详细信息
chromatin modifiers and transcriptional cofactors (collectively referred to as cFs) work with DNA-binding transcription factors (TFs) to regulate gene expression. In multicellular eukaryotes, distinct tissues each execute their own gene expression program for accurate differentiation and subsequent functionality. While the function of TFs in differential gene expression has been studied in detail in many systems, the contribution of cFs has remained less explored. Here, we uncovered the contributions of cFs to gene regulation in the caenorhabditis elegans intestine. We first annotated 366 cFs encoded by the c. elegans genome and assembled a library of 335 RNAi clones. Using this library, we analyzed the effects of individually depleting these cFs on the expression of 19 fluorescent transcriptional reporters in the intestine and identified 216 regulatory interactions. We found that different cFs regulate different promoters, and that both essential and intestinally expressed cFs have the greatest effects on promoter activity. We did not find all members of cF complexes acting on the same set of reporters but instead found diversity in the promoter targets of each complex component. Finally, we found that previously identified activation mechanisms for the acdh-1 promoter use different cFs and TFs. Overall, we demonstrate that cFs function specifically rather than ubiquitously at intestinal promoters and provide an RNAi resource for reverse genetic screens.
This study performed scenario analysis using the MARKAL modelling framework to assess Thailand's greenhouse gas (GHG) emission pathways over the period 2010-2050, to explore the possibilities of achieving carbon n...
详细信息
This study performed scenario analysis using the MARKAL modelling framework to assess Thailand's greenhouse gas (GHG) emission pathways over the period 2010-2050, to explore the possibilities of achieving carbon neutrality of the energy system by 2060-2100, in pursuit of a maximum temperature rise of 2 degrees c and 1.5 degrees c by the end of the century. The shift from 2 degrees c pathways to 1.5 degrees c pathways would demand much more effort and pose greater challenges in terms of transformational changes required in the energy supply and demand sectors of Thailand. carbon neutrality in the energy supply system would be achievable with negative emissions through the adoption of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BEccS). The strong deployment of renewable energy-based power generation would also aid in the rapid decarbonization of the energy supply sector. The demand sectors would face more challenges requiring rapid and extensive deployment of energy efficient and low carbon technologies. The commercial sector may need to undergo deep decarbonization in the 1.5 degrees c scenarios by 2050 while the industrial and residential sectors will need to curb GHG emissions by a large amount even under 2 degrees c scenarios. The transportation sector would face challenges in shifting from private to public modes of transport, including wide adoption of electric and biofuel vehicles, in order to achieve the 1.5 degrees c target. Key Policy insights The attainment of 2 degrees c and 1.5 degrees c targets demand for a wide scale adoption of BEccS in Thailand resulting in negative emissions in the power sector even before 2050. Biomass, solar photovoltaics, and wind power would make up to the largest portion in the total power generation mix of Thailand in the 2 degrees c and 1.5 degrees c scenarios by 2050. Achieving carbon neutrality of the energy system by 2060-2100 is a challenging task for Thailand requiring higher investments and supportive policy actions to pr
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is widely grown in the Philippines. It is very susceptible to several pre- and post-harvest diseases, with colletotrichum as one of the most important fungal pathogens worldwide. This study...
详细信息
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is widely grown in the Philippines. It is very susceptible to several pre- and post-harvest diseases, with colletotrichum as one of the most important fungal pathogens worldwide. This study aims to characterise the colletotrichum species associated with mango anthracnose in the Philippines through combined morphological and molecular approaches. A total of 58 isolates were obtained from the anthracnose-infected leaves collected from 11 provinces in the Philippines. Thirty isolates were used for sequence analyses of the actin, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and beta-tubulin gene regions. Phylogenetic analyses and morphological characterisation revealed the identity of the anthracnose pathogens as c. fructicola, c. tropicale, and c. theobromicola. All isolates caused anthracnose symptoms in mango leaves (cv. carabao) in pathogenicity assays, hence, Koch's postulate was established. This study is the first scientific report of c. fructicola, c. tropicale, and c. theobromicola as mango anthracnose pathogens in the Philippines.
Background:Antiretroviral therapy(ART)has reduced mortality among people living with HIV(PLWH)in china,but co-infections of hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis c virus(HcV)may individually or jointly reduce the effect...
详细信息
Background:Antiretroviral therapy(ART)has reduced mortality among people living with HIV(PLWH)in china,but co-infections of hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis c virus(HcV)may individually or jointly reduce the effect of *** study aimed to evaluate the impacts of HBV/HcV coinfections on treatment drop-out and mortality among PLWH on ***:A retrospective cohort study analysis of 58,239 people living with HIV(PLWH)who initiated antiretroviral therapy(ART)during 2010-2018 was conducted in Guangxi Province,*** were from the observational database of the National Free Antiretroviral Treatment *** proportional hazard models were fitted to evaluate the effects of baseline infection of HBV or HcV or both on death and treatment attrition among ***:Our study showed high prevalence of HBV(11.5%),HcV(6.6%)and HBV-HcV(1.5%)*** overall mortality rate and treatment attrition rate was 2.95[95%confidence interval(cI):2.88-3.02]and 5.92(95%cI:5.82-6.01)per 100 person-years,*** with HIV-only patients,HBV-co-infected patients had 42%higher mortality[adjusted hazard ratio(a HR)=1.42;95%cI 1.32-1.54],HcV-co-infected patients had 65%higher mortality(a HR=1.65;95%cI:1.47-1.86),and patients with both HcV and HBV co-infections had 123%higher mortality(a HR=2.23;95%cI:1.87-2.66).conclusions:HBV and HcV coinfection may have an additive effect on increasing the risk of all-cause death among PLWH who are on *** is suggested that there is need for primary prevention and access to effective hepatitis treatment for PLWH.
Background. Paraquat (PQ) is an effective and widely used herbicide and causes numerous fatalities by accidental or voluntary ingestion. However, neither the final cytotoxic mechanism nor effective treatments for PQ p...
详细信息
Background. Paraquat (PQ) is an effective and widely used herbicide and causes numerous fatalities by accidental or voluntary ingestion. However, neither the final cytotoxic mechanism nor effective treatments for PQ poisoning have been discovered. Phenotypic drug discovery (PDD), which does not rely on the molecular mechanism of the diseases, is having a renaissance in recent years owing to its potential to address the incompletely understood complexity of diseases. Herein, the c. elegans PDD model was established to pave the way for the future phenotypic discovery of potential agents for treating PQ poisoning. Methods. c. elegans were treated with PQ-containing solid medium followed by statistical analysis of worm survival, pharyngeal pumping, and movement ability. Furthermore, coenzyme Q10 (coQ10) was used to test the c. elegans model of PQ poisoning by measuring the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), mitochondrial morphology, and worm survival rate. Additionally, we used the classic mice model of PQ intoxication to evaluate the validity of the c. elegans model of PQ poisoning by measuring the effect of coQ10 as a potential antidote for PQ poisoning. Results. In the c. elegans model of PQ poisoning, 5 mg/mL PQ increased the levels of ROS, MDA content, mitochondrial fragments, which significantly shortened the lifespan, while coQ10 alleviated these phenotypes. In the mice model of PQ poisoning, coQ10 increased the chance of survival in PQ poisoned mice while reducing ROS, MDA content in lung tissue and inhibiting PQ-induced lung edema. Moreover, coQ10 alleviated the lung morphopathological changes induced by PQ. conclusion. Here we established a c. elegans model of PQ poisoning, whose validity was confirmed by the classic mice model of PQ intoxication.
Herein, a new kind of metal organic framework (MOF)-based magnetic metal nanoparticle/carbon composite, hollow porous co/ccomposite (HP-co/c) with ordered macroporous (-60 nm) embedded in shell has been fabricated by...
详细信息
Herein, a new kind of metal organic framework (MOF)-based magnetic metal nanoparticle/carbon composite, hollow porous co/ccomposite (HP-co/c) with ordered macroporous (-60 nm) embedded in shell has been fabricated by low-temperature carbonization (500 degrees c) of ZIF-8@ZIF-67/SiO2 core@shell precursor and subsequent HF etching process. compared with its control sample of hollow co/c (H-co/c), HP-co/ccomposite displays significantly improved microwave absorbing properties in matter of both reflection loss (RL) and effective microwave absorbing bandwidth (EAB, RL < -10 dB). Especially, the corresponding EAB is up to7.64 GHz with filler loading of only 15 wt%. This superior microwave absorbing performance is ascribed to the stronger attenuation capability and better impedance matching characteristics induced by the ordered macropores in the hollow co/c shell. It is believed that this structural design strategy can be extended to prepare other MOFs-derived lightweight and broadband microwave absorbents at relatively low pyrolysis temperature.
暂无评论