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cSDA: Rule-based complex Sensor Data Aggregation System for M2M Gateway 8

CSDA: Rule-based Complex Sensor Data Aggregation System for ...

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8th International conference on Mobile computing and Ubiquitous Networking (IcMU)

作者： Nakamura, Yuichi Moriguchi, Akira Yamauchi, Toshihiro Hitachi Solut Ltd Tokyo Japan Okayama Univ Okayama Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9784907626129

To reduce the server load and communication cost of machine-to-machine (M2M) systems, sensor data are aggregated in M2M gateways. The c language is typically used for programming the aggregation logic, and the program is embedded into the firmware. However, developing aggregation programs is difficult for M2M service providers because it requires gateway-specific knowledge, and consideration must be given to cPU and memory resources. In addition, modifying aggregation logic requires firmware updates, which are risky. We propose a rule-based sensor data aggregation system, called the complex sensor data aggregator (cSDA) for M2M gateways. Data aggregation is categorized into filtering, statistical calculation, and concatenation. The proposed cSDA supports this aggregation process in three steps: the input, data processing, and output steps. The behaviors of these steps are configured by an XML based rule. The cSDA also supports update modules, which download and overwrite aggregation rules from the server when the modification of data aggregation logic is required. In this case, firmware updates are not necessary. The proposed system is evaluated in an M2M gateway experimental environment. Results show that developing cSDA configurations is much easier than using c because the configuration amount decreases by 10%. In addition, the performance evaluation demonstrates the proposed system's ability to operate on M2M gateways. cPU usage was less than 10%, even with a heavy load, and memory consumption was 128 Kbytes.

关键词： machine to machine YBX3 gene doorways Sensor Data c language Heavy loads central processing units Servers Downloading Firmware extensible markup language

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Design pattern driven development of embedded applications 13

Design pattern driven development of embedded applications

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IEEE 13th International Symposium on Applied Machine Intelligence and Informatics (SAMI)

作者： Holman, Krisztian Szabo, Zoltan Budapest Univ Technol & Econ Budapest Hungary

ISBN: (纸本)9781479982219

Application of microprocessors became common in various fields due to their progressive capabilities and decreasing price, enabling even simple sensors to easily deal with software-heavy tasks. These tendencies resulted in an explosive growth in the embedded market, challenging engineers to build reliable, high performance and cheap microcontroller-based software systems as fast as possible. Such requirements revalue the importance of reusable software components in the world of embedded applications to improve agility and responsiveness to customer needs. Design patterns provide ready-to-use solutions for common problems in the software development process. We are able to describe almost every aspect of a system using nothing but patterns. The rich toolkit of patterns gets overlooked as much as useful as they are. However, they lose expressiveness without available object-oriented features like the c language;the most commonly used one in embedded systems. The goal of this paper is to revisit some well-known design patterns and their applications using the c language. A common mistake when implementing patterns using c is trying to emulate object-oriented concepts for example class, inheritance, etc. - resulting in almost unreadable and hard to understand source code -, instead of thinking with a different mindset and focusing on the intention and purpose of the pattern.

关键词： design pattern embedded application c language macroprocessor agility Software systems Source code PROcESS DEVELOPMENT object orientation

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Design of School Bus Passengers' Identity Authentication System Based on RFID

Design of School Bus Passengers' Identity Authentication Sys...

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IEEE International conference on communication Problem-Solving (IccP)

作者： Guo, Yifeng Zhao, Zeshuang Guangxi Univ Sci & Technol Sch Elect & Informat Engn Liuzhou 545006 Guangxi Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467365444

In recent years, as the frequent occurrence of primary school students school bus safety accident, the students have serious physical and mental harm. In order to enhance the efficiency of the passenger's management, the paper proposes a new school bus identity authentication system based on RFID for information exchange. The entire system is programmed by c language according to the demand of passenger identity verification. The equipment used in the school bus passengers' identity authentication can authenticate the identity of students or teachers and other passengers to reach the function of personnel management.

关键词： RFID Authentication System c language Passengers

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Hardware Verification using Software Analyzers

Hardware Verification using Software Analyzers

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IEEE-computer-Society Annual Symposium on VLSI (ISVLSI)

作者： Mukherjee, Rajdeep Kroening, Daniel Melham, Torn Univ Oxford Oxford OX1 2JD England

ISBN: (纸本)9781479987191

Program analysis is a highly active area of research, and the capacity and precision of software analyzers is improving rapidly. We investigate the use of modern software verification tools for formal property checking of hardware given in Verilog at register-transfer level. To this end, we translate RTL Verilog into an equivalent word-level ANSI-c program, according to synthesis semantics. The property of interest is instrumented into the c program as an assertion. We subsequently apply three different software verification techniques-bounded model checking, path-based symbolic simulation and abstract interpretation- and compare their performance to conventional methods for property verification of hardware designs at netlist and register-transfer level. Our experimental results indicate that speedups of more than an order of magnitude are possible. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to perform property verification of hardware IPs given at register-transfer level using software verifiers.

关键词： c language digital simulation formal verification hardware description languages performance evaluation program diagnostics c program RTL Verilog Verilog abstract interpretation bounded model checking formal property checking hardware IP hardware verification path-based symbolic simulation program analysis register-transfer level software analyzers software verification techniques software verification tools software verifiers synthesis semantics word-level ANSI-c program Benchmark testing cognition Engines Hardware Hardware design languages Semantics Software ANSI-c Abstract Interpretation Bounded Model checking Formal Verification Netlist Property Verification RTL SAT/SMT Scalability Symbolic Simulation analysis programme Hardware design languages Formal verification computer hardware Model checking Benchmark testing Resistor Transistor Logic netlist c language Digital simulation computer Simulation computer software Engines Semantics Scalability

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Automatic Deployment of Industrial Embedded Model Predictive control using qpOASES

Automatic Deployment of Industrial Embedded Model Predictive...

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European control conference (Ecc)

作者： Kufoalor, D. K. M. Binder, B. J. T. Ferreau, H. J. Imsland, L. Johansen, T. A. Diehl, M. Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU Dept Engn Cybernet OS Bragstads Plass 2D N-7491 Trondheim Norway NTNU Ctr Autonomous Marine Operat & Syst Trondheim Norway ABB Corp Res CH-5405 Baden Switzerland Univ Freiburg Inst Microsyst Engn IMTEK Freiburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783952426937

Different high-speed quadratic programming (QP) solvers are incorporated into an ANSI c code generation framework for embedded Model Predictive control (MPc). The controllers developed are based on step response (linear) models and design configurations obtained from SEPTIc, Statoil's software tool for MPc applications. In order to achieve high online computational efficiency, offline computations/preparations are made at the code generation stage, and appropriate problem data are used in the QP solvers. We discuss implementation aspects arising when running an embedded MPc controller on an industrial PLc and present results of hardware-in-theloop simulation tests for two challenging industrial applications. The results indicate that the online active-set strategy as implemented in the software package qpOASES exhibits superior performance compared to both a tailored interior-point method and a primal-dual first-order method for the step response class of models considered in this paper.

关键词： c language control system analysis computing control system synthesis embedded systems predictive control program compilers quadratic programming software tools step response ANSI c code generation framework QP solvers SEPTIc Statoil software tool automatic industrial embedded model predictive control deployment code generation stage design configurations embedded MPc controller high-speed quadratic programming solvers industrial PLc online active-set strategy online computational efficiency primal-dual first-order method qpOASES step response class step response models tailored interior-point method Europe Generators IP networks Optimization Predictive control Predictive models Yttrium

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An Exploratory Study on the Evolution of c Programming in the Unix Operating System

An Exploratory Study on the Evolution of C Programming in th...

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AcM/IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement (ESEM)

作者： Spinellis, Diomidis Louridas, Panagiotis Kechagia, Maria Athens Univ Econ & Business Dept Management Sci & Technol Patis 76 GR-10434 Athens Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781467378994

context: Numerous factors drive long term progress in programming practices. Goal: We study the evolution of c programming in the Unix operating system. Method: We extract, aggregate, and synthesize metrics from 66 snapshots obtained from an artificial software configuration management repository tracking the evolution of the Unix operating system over four decades. Results: c language programming practices appear to evolve over long term periods;our study identified some continuous trends with highly significant coefficients of determination. Many trends point toward increasing code quality through adherence to numerous programming guidelines, while some others indicate adoption that has reached maturity. In the area of commenting progress appears to have stalled. conclusions: Studying the long term evolution of programming practices identifies areas where progress has been achieved along an expected path, as well as cases where there is room for improvement.

关键词： c language Unix c language programming practices Unix operating system artificial software configuration management repository tracking coefficient-of-determination programming practices Guidelines Long Term Evolution Market research Measurement Operating systems Programming Unix operating system Programming Long Term Evolution c language market research Operating systems evolution Evolution

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When code Smells Twice as Much: Metric-Based Detection of Variability-Aware code Smells 15

When Code Smells Twice as Much: Metric-Based Detection of Va...

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15th IEEE International Working conference on Source code Analysis and Manipulation (ScAM)

作者： Fenske, Wolfram Schulze, Sandro Meyer, Daniel Saake, Gunter Univ Magdeburg D-39106 Magdeburg Germany TU Braunschweig Braunschweig Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781467375290

code smells are established, widely used characterizations of shortcomings in design and implementation of software systems. As such, they have been subject to intensive research regarding their detection and impact on understandability and changeability of source code. However, current methods do not support highly configurable software systems, that is, systems that can be customized to fit a wide range of requirements or platforms. Such systems commonly owe their configurability to conditional compilation based on c preprocessor annotations (a. k. a. #ifdefs). Since annotations directly interact with the host language (e.g., c), they may have adverse effects on understandability and changeability of source code, referred to as variability-aware code smells. In this paper, we propose a metric-based method that integrates source code and c preprocessor annotations to detect such smells. We evaluate our method for one specific smell on five open-source systems of medium size, thus, demonstrating its general applicability. Moreover, we manually reviewed 100 instances of the smell and provide a qualitative analysis of its potential impact as well as common causes for the occurrence.

关键词： c language program diagnostics public domain software source code (software) c preprocessor annotation metric-based detection open-source system source code variability-aware code smell computer bugs concrete Measurement Open source software Programming Scattering Software systems open source software Smell Software systems Source code analysis programme c language Programming concrete Scattering configurability codes

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construction, enumeration, and optimization of perfect phylogenies on multi-state data 5

Construction, enumeration, and optimization of perfect phylo...

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5th IEEE International conference on computational Advances in Bio and Medical Sciences (IccABS)

作者： coulombe, Michael Stevens, Kristian Gusfield, Dan MIT Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Cambridge MA 02139 USA Univ Calif Davis Dept Comp Sci Davis CA 95616 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467396646

Perfect phylogenies are central to both evolutionary biology and population genetics. We implemented and evaluated algorithms for constructing, counting, and enumerating perfect phylogenies on data with an arbitrary number of states. Ours is the first program to implement the efficient algorithm of Agarwala and Fernandez-Baca (1994) with the speedups and enumeration extensions by Kannan and Warnow (1995). It is written in the c++ language and uses specialized algorithms and datastructures for faster and more compact execution. We have included new extensions to the previously described algorithms. Our software can efficiently construct a phylogeny, determine it's uniqueness, or determine that no phylogeny exists. It can handle input data with missing values and find a largest subset of compatible characters. It can count and enumerate the potentially exponential number of trees that may explain an input dataset. Using dynamic programming, it can find a smallest tree or a tree with maximum edge support. While many of these problems have been shown to be NP hard, our implementations are demonstrably practical for many datasets. Our software can be downloaded at http://***/(similar to)gusfield.

关键词： Phylogeny c language Perfect computer software Trees evolution Nondeterministic polynomial-time hard efficient algorithm dynamic programming population genetics

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Beyond the PDP-11: Architectural support for a memory-safe c abstract machine 15

Beyond the PDP-11: Architectural support for a memory-safe C...

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20th International conference on Architectural Support for Programming languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS)

作者： chisnall, David Rothwell, colin Watson, Robert N. M. Woodruff, Jonathan Vadera, Munraj Moore, Simon W. Roe, Michael Davis, Brooks Neumann, Peter G. Univ Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN England SRI Int Princeton NJ USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450328357

We propose a new memory-safe interpretation of the c abstract machine that provides stronger protection to benefit security and debugging. Despite ambiguities in the specification intended to provide implementation flexibility, contemporary implementations of c have converged on a memory model similar to the PDP-11, the original target for c. This model lacks support for memory safety despite well-documented impacts on security and reliability. Attempts to change this model are often hampered by assumptions embedded in a large body of existing c code, dating back to the memory model exposed by the original c compiler for the PDP-11. Our experience with attempting to implement a memory-safe variant of c on the cHERI experimental microprocessor led us to identify a number of problematic idioms. We describe these as well as their interaction with existing memory safety schemes and the assumptions that they make beyond the requirements of the c specification. Finally, we refine the cHERI ISA and abstract model for c, by combining elements of the cHERI capability model and fat pointers, and present a softcore cPU that implements a c abstract machine that can run legacy c code with strong memory protection guarantees.

关键词： capabilities processor design compilers memory protection c language security memory safety bounds checking

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Developing compiler for Nihongo Programming language PEN 3

Developing Compiler for Nihongo Programming Language PEN

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3rd International conference on Applied computing and Information Technology (AcIT 2015) 2nd International conference on computational Science and Intelligence (cSI 2015)

作者： Kato, Yoshitaka Ozaki, Masaya Kani, Jun'ya Ito, Nobuhiro Kawabe, Yoshinobu Aichi Inst Technol Dept Informat Sci 1247 Yachigusa Yakusa Cho Toyota Aichi Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781467396424

When a novice programmer starts learning computer programming, c or Java are often employed. They are general purpose and useful languages, but for Japanese novice programmers these programming languages are difficult. One reason for this difficulty is English keywords employed in these programming languages;that is, these words are not in Japanese learner's native language. Recently, for Japanese novice programmers, "Nihongo-based" programming languages have been developed in Japan. PEN is a Nihongo-based programming language for education. A programming environment has been developed for PEN, and the environment has an interpreter. However, there has not been developed a compiler for PEN. In this paper, we aim to develop a compiler for PEN language;actually, we develop a translator from PEN into c, and we finally obtain a binary code with a c compiler such as gcc.

关键词： c language Java computer science education program compilers program interpreters c compiler English keywords Japanese learner native language Japanese novice programmers Nihongo-based programming languages PEN language binary code compiler development computer programming learning gcc interpreter Binary codes computer languages computers Graphical user interfaces Program processors Programming profession computer Programming languages binary code compilers translator Java Java programming language Polyethylene naphthalate pen PUM3 gene Programming profession Program processors interpreters graphical user interfaces c language computer science education

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