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Boostcharging Li-ion batteries: A challenging new charging concept

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES 2005年第1期145卷 89-94页

作者： Notten, PHL Veld, JHGOH van Beek, JRG Philips Res Labs NL-5656 AA Eindhoven Netherlands Eindhoven Univ Technol NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands

Boostcharging is proposed as a new, ultra-fast, recharging algorithm for Li-ion batteries. Characteristic for boostcharging is that close-to-fully discharged batteries can be recharged with very high currents for a short period of time. Cycle life of Li-ion batteries, boostcharged and additionally standard charged to full capacity do not introduce any negative degradation effects. Boostcharging is shown to be very rapid. For example, a fully discharged battery can be recharged within 5 min to one-third of its rated capacity. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： boostcharging Li-ion batteries charging algorithm battery management system

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Controlled charging of Electric Vehicles to Minimize Energy Losses in Distribution Systems

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2016年第27期49卷 324-329页

作者： Mousavi, S.M. Flynn, Damian School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Ireland

Controlled electric vehicle (EV) charging scenarios are proposed, each characterized with an algorithm and associated computational and communication requirements, to be adopted by an EV aggregator or system operator. The proposed scenarios include uniform, random, conditional-random, and valley-filling charging scenarios. Different from previous studies, this paper focuses on easy-to-implement charging scenarios. Further, a modeling framework is presented to investigate the impact of the proposed charging scenarios on energy losses in distribution systems, as compared to an uncontrolled charging scenario and a reference scenario with no EVs. The modeling framework considers uncertainties involved in the behavior of low voltage customers and EV charging loads. It is applied to a distribution system for various case studies, including different penetrations and combinations of EVs with various characteristics. As seen by the results, although the valley-filling charging algorithm represents the optimal solution from the perspective of energy losses, the uniform charging scenario emerges as a quasi-optimal solution, having lower computational and communication requirements, which makes it easier to be adopted by EV aggregators or system operators. Further, with appropriately selected coefficients, the conditional-random charging algorithm can also exhibit a performance comparable to that of the uniform charging algorithm. © 2016

关键词： Electric power system control charging (batteries) Electric losses Electric machine control Electric power distribution Electric power transmission networks Electric vehicles Optimal systems Uncertainty analysis Vehicle to vehicle communications Vehicle to grid charging algorithm Controlled charging Distribution systems Low voltage customers Optimal solutions Power system operations Smart grid Uncontrolled charging

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Optimal charging of Electric Vehicle Fleets for a Car Sharing System with Power Sharing

Optimal Charging of Electric Vehicle Fleets for a Car Sharin...

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IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)

作者： Biondi, Elisabetta Boldrini, Chiara Bruno, Raffaele Inst Informat & Telemat IIT CNR Pisa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781467384636

Electric car sharing services have been growing in popularity in the last years but operators are striving to reduce the costs of deploying and managing their charging infrastructure. charging technologies that offer power sharing have the potential to achieve this goal but at the cost of increasing management complexity. In order to address this problem, in this work we propose an efficient optimized charging methodology that minimizes recharging costs when power sharing is used and also takes into account customer satisfaction. To this aim, we formulate the recharging problem as a two-step optimization problem, considering a realistic energy pricing scheme, and we evaluate this solution using real traces of parking times in a French station-based car sharing system. We show that significant cost savings can be achieved without impacting customer satisfaction and also reducing the strain on the grid with respect to a baseline approach.

关键词： charging algorithm car sharing power sharing convex optimisation mobility data sets

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Optimizing charging Locations and charging Time for Energy Depletion Avoidance in Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks

Optimizing Charging Locations and Charging Time for Energy D...

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IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC) as part of the IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence (IEEE WCCI)

作者： Tran Thi Huong Huynh Thi Thanh Binh Phi Le Nguyen Doan Cao Thanh Long Vuong Dinh An Le Trong Vinh Hanoi Univ Sci & Technol Sch Informat & Commun Technol Hanoi Vietnam Vietnam Natl Univ Univ Sci Hanoi Vietnam

ISBN: (数字)9781728169293

ISBN: (纸本)9781728169293

In recent years, Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks, which exploit wireless energy transfer technologies to address the energy constraint problem in traditional Wireless Sensor Networks, has emerged as a promising solution. There are two important factors that affect the performance of a charging process: charging path and charging time. In the literature, many studies have been done to propose efficient charging algorithms. However, most of the existing works focus only on optimizing the charging path. In this paper, we are the first one to jointly take into account both the charging path and charging time. Specifically, we aim at determining the optimal charging path and the charging time at each charging location to minimize the number of dead nodes. We first mathematically formulate the problem under mixed integer and linear programming. Then, we propose a periodic charging scheme, which is based on the Greedy and Genetic algorithm approaches. The experiment results show that our proposed the algorithm reduces significantly the number of dead nodes compared to a relevant benchmark.

关键词： Wireless rechargeable sensor networks node failure avoidance Genetic algorithm charging algorithm

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Single phase nine level inverter using single DC source supported by capacitor voltage balancing algorithm

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IET POWER ELECTRONICS 2018年第14期11卷 2319-2329页

作者： Sekar, Rathinam Marimuthu Jayakumar, Dhanaraj Nelson Mylsamy, Kaliamoorthy Subramaniam, Umashankar Padmanaban, Sanjeevikumar PSNA Coll Engn Technol Dept EEE Dindigul India Thiagarajar Coll Engn Dept EEE Madurai Tamil Nadu India Dr Mahalingam Coll Engn & Technol Dept EEE Pollachi India VIT Vellore Sch Elect Engn Dept Energy & Power Vellore Tamil Nadu India Aalborg Univ Dept Energy Technol Esbjerg Denmark

This study introduces a new single phase nine-level inverter using two capacitors and a single DC source. Voltage imbalances in the capacitors are eliminated using two control algorithms namely charging algorithm and discharging algorithm. The charging algorithm is used to change the inverter switching states when the measured voltage across the capacitors is less than the prescribed value. Alternatively, if the voltage across the capacitors is greater than the set value, the discharging algorithm determines the switching pattern of the inverter switches. The proposed voltage balancing algorithm is very simple to implement and makes the proposed inverter attractive for industrial applications. An extensive comparison of the proposed inverter is made against other topologies proposed in the literature in terms of the components used. The proposed inverter is tested in both standalone and grid connected modes. The proposed inverter is simulated and implemented as a prototype in the laboratory. Experimental results obtained from the prototype confirm the high-quality transient performance of the proposed inverter in terms of its dc capacitor voltage balancing capability.

关键词： switching convertors power grids distributed power generation voltage control capacitors power capacitors PWM invertors invertors single phase nine level inverter single DC source single phase nine-level inverter capacitors voltage imbalances control algorithms charging algorithm discharging algorithm inverter switching states measured voltage inverter switches voltage balancing algorithm inverter attractive dc capacitor voltage balancing capability

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Distributed Control of Wireless Power Transfer Subject to Safety Constraints

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2017年第1期50卷 13210-13215页

作者： Sinan Yildirim, Kasim Carli, Ruggero Schenato, Luca Embedded Software Group Delft University of Technology Netherlands Department of Information Engineering Padova35131 Italy

The deployment of networks composed of several radio frequency (RF) based wireless power transfer nodes will be an indispensable component of future Internet of Things (IoTs). The natural objective of such networks, so called the wireless power transfer networks (WPTNs), is to charge the energy receiver devices wirelessly as quickly as possible; i.e. maximizing the transmitted power. However, a safe-charging WPTN must also comply with the RF exposure regulations and keep electromagnetic radiation (EMR) under a predefined threshold. In this paper we consider the problem of maximizing the transmitted wireless power to the energy receivers with subject to the safety constraints. We introduce two fully-distributed charging algorithms where the energy transmitters communicate only with the sensors in their communication range to obtain their measurements, perform simple computation steps to adjust their power levels and and in turn satisfy safety constraints without any global information. © 2017

关键词： Energy transfer Actuators Electromagnetic waves Inductive power transmission Magnetic actuators Safety engineering charging algorithm Communication range Control of networks Distributed control Distributed optimization Global informations Magnetic radiation Wireless power transfer

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Event-based Electric Vehicle Scheduling Considering Random User Behaviors

Event-based Electric Vehicle Scheduling Considering Random U...

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IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)

作者： Wang, Bin Wang, Yubo Qiu, Charlie Chu, Chi-Cheng Gadh, Rajit Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Mech Engn Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467382892

Uncontrolled Electric Vehicle ( EV ) and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) charging within a local distribution grid may cause unexpected high load, which further results in power quality degradation. However, coordinating charging behaviors of a number of EVs is a challenging task, which involves not only the deterministic schedule computing but also nondeterministic EV driver behaviors with random arrival time and energy demands. Previous researches in this area rarely consider these random behaviors for real EV users. In this paper, an implementable event-based cost optimal scheduling algorithm (ECSA ) is developed, which solves EV scheduling problem by dynamically estimating the stay duration and energy demand for each participating EV user. Datasets, including charging records and time series meter data collected from Electric Vehicle Supply Equipments (EVSEs) in UCLA campus, are utilized for feature extraction. Based on that, proper inference technique is employed to determine parameters within each charging session. In addition, solar generation integration into EVSEs is also considered in our problem formulation. The proposed approaches are tested and validated by real EV charging schedules of users in UCLA campus . The results from simulation experiment demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has a better performance in cost minimization and load shifting compared to existing equal - sharing scheduling algorithm (ESSA).

关键词： EV Scheduling EV charging Behaviours Renewable Energy Integration charging algorithm

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Local dynamic frequency response using domestic electric vehicles

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS 2021年 130卷 106920-106920页

作者： Muhssin, Mazin T. Obaid, Zeyad A. Al-Anbarri, Kassim Cipcigan, Liana M. Ajaweed, Mazin N. Cardiff Univ Inst Energy Sch Engn Cardiff CF24 3AA Wales Mustansiriyah Univ Coll Engn Baghdad 10047 Iraq Univ Diyala Coll Engn Baqouba Iraq Univ Technol Baghdad Control & Syst Engn Baghdad Iraq

There is an increasing interest to penetrate low carbon vehicles into the transport system. Take the Great Britain (GB) as an example, the number of electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles will make up to at least half of new vehicle sales. Electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to contribute to the ancillary services of the frequency response because EVs can provide immediate frequency response and sustain its response for considerable period of time. This paper addresses the design of a Dynamic Vehicle Grid Support (DVGS) control algorithm for the provision of local frequency response. The DVGS considers a dynamic relationship between the state of charge of EVs and frequency set-points. Thus, it can be installed locally avoiding the cost and the time delay associated with the communication system between EVs and the control centre. The DVGS control algorithm was demonstrated using the reduced GB transmission power system model with a reduced system inertia. The simulation results showed that the EVs are promising assets for the provision of frequency response and reducing the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF). Moreover, EVs can be controlled geographically to provide the zonal frequency response, reducing the dependency on the power from the spinning reserve, especially with a reduced system inertia. The financial benefits of using the aggregated DVGS for firm frequency response (FFR) service in the GB is calculated.

关键词： Ancillary services Electric vehicles charging algorithm Dynamic frequency response Renewable energy

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Extending Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Network Life without Full Knowledge

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SENSORS 2017年第7期17卷 1642-1642页

作者： Najeeb, Najeeb W. Detweiler, Carrick Univ Nebraska Dept Comp Sci & Engn Lincoln NE 68588 USA

When extending the life of Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks (WRSN), one challenge is charging networks as they grow larger. Overcoming this limitation will render a WRSN more practical and highly adaptable to growth in the real world. Most charging algorithms require a priori full knowledge of sensor nodes' power levels in order to determine the nodes that require charging. In this work, we present a probabilistic algorithm that extends the life of scalable WRSN without a priori power knowledge and without full network exploration. We develop a probability bound on the power level of the sensor nodes and utilize this bound to make decisions while exploring a WRSN. We verify the algorithm by simulating a wireless power transfer unmanned aerial vehicle, and charging a WRSN to extend its life. Our results show that, without knowledge, our proposed algorithm extends the life of a WRSN on average 90% of what an optimal full knowledge algorithm can achieve. This means that the charging robot does not need to explore the whole network, which enables the scaling of WRSN. We analyze the impact of network parameters on our algorithm and show that it is insensitive to a large range of parameter values.

关键词： charging algorithm no knowledge charging wireless recharging sensor network wireless power transfer unmanned aerial vehicle

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Optimal charging of Electric Vehicle Fleets for a Car Sharing System with Power Sharing

Optimal Charging of Electric Vehicle Fleets for a Car Sharin...

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IEEE International Energy Conference

作者： Elisabetta Biondi Chiara Boldrini Raffaele Bruno Institute for Informatics and Telematics (IIT-CNR) Pisa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781467384643

关键词： charging algorithm Car sharing Power sharing Convex optimisation Mobility data sets

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