Like feedback strategy, coding scheme is an important part of networked control system design as well. On the basis of spherical polar coordinate, a novel coding scheme is proposed for stabilization problem of discret...
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Like feedback strategy, coding scheme is an important part of networked control system design as well. On the basis of spherical polar coordinate, a novel coding scheme is proposed for stabilization problem of discrete linear time invariant system subject to packet erasure channel with feedback. The coding scheme uses encoder without access to control inputs. In the case that a decoder does not use control inputs, a definite relation between the quantized data and the corresponding quantization error is established, which helps to analyze the stability of system, and a selective quantization method is adopted, by which finite data rate is obtained. In the case that a decoder uses control inputs, instead of quantizing the system state at each time step as usual, the encoder quantizes the initial state all the time by updating quantizer. Sufficient conditions guaranteeing the system stable are presented for two cases, respectively, and the corresponding design methods for coding schemes are given. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In this paper we develop a coding scheme for sets of digital curves. We show that if a set consists of digital curves whose ''original curves'' are graphs of continuous functions, having at most two in...
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In this paper we develop a coding scheme for sets of digital curves. We show that if a set consists of digital curves whose ''original curves'' are graphs of continuous functions, having at most two intersection points, pairwise, on a given interval, then they can be uniquely coded by five parameters.
For relay-assisted system, better relay channel and instable direct transmission (DT) channel exist. The recent coding schemes always focus on how to improve the system performance when channels are in medium signal-t...
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For relay-assisted system, better relay channel and instable direct transmission (DT) channel exist. The recent coding schemes always focus on how to improve the system performance when channels are in medium signal-to-noise ratios. For the instability of DT channel, a novel coding scheme with multi-dimensional constellations at relay is proposed, which make use of the robust relay channel. The design rule based on best approximate performance is given in the form of an optimisation problem, and its general solution is also shown. In addition, the optimal relay-coding matrix design for 8PSK and 16QAM has been discussed in detail. Simulation results show that the authors' proposed coding scheme outperforms the conventional scheme with repetition and is more robust than other well designed schemes in confronting the instability of DT channel.
Based on Galois Field (GF(q)) multiplicative group, a new coding scheme for Quasi-Cyclic Low-Density Parity-Check (QC-LDPC) codes is proposed, and the new coding scheme has some advantages such as the simpler construc...
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Based on Galois Field (GF(q)) multiplicative group, a new coding scheme for Quasi-Cyclic Low-Density Parity-Check (QC-LDPC) codes is proposed, and the new coding scheme has some advantages such as the simpler construction, the easier implementation encoding, the lower complexity of the encoding and decoding, the more flexible adjustment of the code length as well as the code rate and so forth. Under the condition of considering the characteristics of optical transmission systems, an irregular QC-LDPC (3843,3603) code to be suitable for optical transmission systems is constructed by applying the proposed new coding scheme. The simulation result shows that the net coding gain (NCG) of the irregular QC-LDPC (3843,3603) code is respectively improved 2.14dB, 1.19 dB, 0.24 dB and 0.14 dB more than those of the classic RS (255,239) code in ITU-T G.975, the LDPC (32640,30592) code in ITU-T G.975.1, the regular SCG-LDPC (3969,3720) code constructed by the Systematically Constructed Gallager (SCG) coding scheme and the regular QC-LDPC (4221,3956) code at the bit error rate (BER) of 10-8. Furthermore, all the five codes have the same code rate of 93.7%. Therefore, the irregular QC-LDPC (3843,3603) code constructed by the proposed new coding scheme has the more excellent error-correction performance and can be better suitable for optical transmission systems. (C) 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
This paper presents a method for evaluating the bit-error probability of a concatenated coding system for BPSK transmission over the AWGN channel, In the concatenated system, a linear Binary block code is used as the ...
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This paper presents a method for evaluating the bit-error probability of a concatenated coding system for BPSK transmission over the AWGN channel, In the concatenated system, a linear Binary block code is used as the inner code and is decoded with the soft-decision maximum likelihood decoding, and a maximum distance separable code (or its interleaved code) is used as the outer code and is decoded with a bounded distance decoding, The method is illustrated through a specific example in which the inner code is a binary (64,40,8) Reed-Muller subcode and the outer code is the NASA standard (255,223,33) Reed-Solomon code over GF(2(8)) interleaved to a depth of 5, This specific concatenated system is being considered for NASA's high-speed satellite communications, The bit-error performance is evaluated by a combination of simulation and analysis, The split weight enumerators for the maximum distance separable codes are derived and used for the analysis.
A new scheme for the construction of m-out-of* codesbased on the arithmetic coding technique is described. For appropriatevalues of n , k , and m, the scheme can be used to construct an (n,k)Mock code in which all the...
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A new scheme for the construction of m-out-of* codes
based on the arithmetic coding technique is described. For appropriate
values of n , k , and m, the scheme can be used to construct an (n,k)
Mock code in which all the codewords are of weight m. Such codes
are useful, for example, in providing perfect error detection capabil-
ity in asymmetric channels such as optical communication links and
laser disks. The encoding and decoding algorithms of the scheme per-
form simple arithmetic operations recursively, thereby facilitating the
construction of codes with relativelylong Mock sizes. The scheme also
allows the construction of optimal or naarly optimal m-out-of* codes
for a wide range of block sizes limited only by the arithmetic precision
used.
This study describes the development and structure of a coding scheme for analysing solutions to well-structured problems in terms of cognitive processes and problem-solving deficiencies for first-year engineering stu...
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This study describes the development and structure of a coding scheme for analysing solutions to well-structured problems in terms of cognitive processes and problem-solving deficiencies for first-year engineering students. A task analysis approach was used to assess students' problem solutions using the hierarchical structure from a theoretical framework from mathematics research. The coding scheme comprises 54 codes within the categories of knowledge access, knowledge generation, self-management, conceptual errors, mechanical errors, management errors, approach strategies and solution accuracy, and was demonstrated to be both dependable and credible for analysing problems typical of topics in first-year engineering courses. The problem-solving processes were evaluated in terms of time, process elements, errors committed and self-corrected errors. Therefore, problem-solving performance can be analysed in terms of both accuracy and efficiency of processing, pinpointing areas meriting further study from a cognitive perspective, and for documenting processes for research purposes.
Pulse position modulation (PPM) coding schemes have been proposed and investigated widely as a technique of utilising the very high bandwidth available in optical fibres, achieving a significant improvement in sensiti...
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Pulse position modulation (PPM) coding schemes have been proposed and investigated widely as a technique of utilising the very high bandwidth available in optical fibres, achieving a significant improvement in sensitivity of 5-11 dB compared with an equivalent non-return-to-zero on-off keying scheme. However, this improvement has some tradeoffs. When using eight-level digital PPM, the final data rate can be as high as 32 times that of the original data, thus implementation becomes extremely difficult to the point where commercial viability becomes doubtful. In this study, the authors describe a novel coding scheme that combines the duobinary scheme with PPM to form DuoPPM. It is shown that DuoPPM gives a sensitivity greater than digital PPM while operating at two times the original data rate. Original results presented in this study predict that a high fibre bandwidth DuoPPM system can give a sensitivity of -42.2 dBm when operating with 1 Gbit/s on-off keying (OOK) data and a fibre bandwidth of 100 GHz. In addition, it is shown that DuoPPM outperforms optimised digital PPM at low fibre bandwidths (1 GHz) by 8.7 dB.
The influence of the choice of a coding scheme on properties of a CMAC network is analyzed. Since there exist several arbitrarily chosen parameters in such a network, their optimal values should be found. Computer sim...
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The influence of the choice of a coding scheme on properties of a CMAC network is analyzed. Since there exist several arbitrarily chosen parameters in such a network, their optimal values should be found. Computer simulation showed that the type of a coding scheme greatly influences the accuracy of not only identification but also control over nonlinear dynamical objects.
Objective: To develop and validate the St Andrews Behavioural Interaction coding scheme (SABICS): a tool to record nurse-child interactive behaviours. Methods: The SABICS was developed primarily from observation of vi...
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Objective: To develop and validate the St Andrews Behavioural Interaction coding scheme (SABICS): a tool to record nurse-child interactive behaviours. Methods: The SABICS was developed primarily from observation of video recorded interactions;and refined through an iterative process of applying the scheme to new data sets. Its practical applicability was assessed via implementation of the scheme on specialised behavioural coding software. Reliability was calculated using Cohen's Kappa. Discriminant validity was assessed using logistic regression. Results: The SABICS contains 48 codes. Fifty-five nurse-child interactions were successfully coded through administering the scheme on The Observer XT8.0 system. Two visualization results of interaction patterns demonstrated the scheme's capability of capturing complex interaction processes. Cohen's Kappa was 0.66 (inter-coder) and 0.88 and 0.78 (two intra-coders). The frequency of nurse behaviours, such as "instruction" (OR = 1.32, p = 0.027) and "praise" (OR = 2.04, p = 0.027), predicted a child receiving the intervention. Conclusions: The SABICS is a unique system to record interactions between dental nurses and 3-5 years old children. It records and displays complex nurse-child interactive behaviours. It is easily administered and demonstrates reasonable psychometric properties. Practice implications: The SABICS has potential for other paediatric settings. Its development procedure may be helpful for other similar coding scheme development. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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