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Closure to "Discussion of 'Comprehensive approach to verification and validation of CFD simulations - Part 1: Methodology and procedures' '' (2002, ASME J. FLUIDS ENG., 124, p. 809)

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JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME 2002年第3期124卷 810-810页

作者： Coleman, HW Univ Alabama Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn Prop Res Ctr Huntsville AL 35899 USA

(1): I do not understand how the word “simulation” in the title can be misinterpreted as “code” or “software.” (2) and (3): I believe the confusion arises from his use of the definition of uncertainty as “A potential deficiency in any phase of the modeling process that is due to lack of knowledge” (which does not quantify a range within which truth lies with a specified degree of confidence) as opposed to the concepts and definitions used in current experimental uncertainty analysis 1 (which do quantify such a range). The ranges D ± U D and S ± U S both contain (with 95% confidence) the truth T, which is independent of experiment or simulation. The assumption (also made in Oberkampf and Trucano, 2000) that D is “an individual experimental measurement” is inaccurate. The experimental result is D , and U D is the uncertainty...

关键词： errors computational fluid dynamics modelling Simulation Fluids Flow simulation Modeling Computational fluid dynamics coding errors Numerical analysis boundary-value problems Boundary-value problems numerical analysis Numerical stability numerical stability flow simulation

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Multiple-reference temporal error concealment

Multiple-reference temporal error concealment

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS 2001)

作者： Al-Mualla, M.E. Canagarajah, C.N. Bull, D.R. Etisalat College of Engineering Emirates Telecommunications Corp. P.O. Box: 980 Sharjah United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)0780366859

This paper demonstrates the benefits of extending the temporal error concealment process to more than one reference frame. In this context, the paper proposes two multiplereference temporal concealment techniques. Both techniques are extensions of the single-reference motion field interpolation (MFI) technique. The first technique uses MFI to provide candidate concealments from a number of reference frames. Boundary matching (BM) is then used to select one concealment from this set of candidates. In the second technique, multi-hypothesis compensation is used to combine the candidate concealments. In other words, the concealment in this case is a weighted sum of all candidate concealments. The superior performance of the proposed techniques is demonstrated within a multiple-reference, video codec over a range of error rates and frame distances.

关键词： coding errors

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An optimal MMSE-estimator for source codec parameters using intra-frame and inter-frame correlation

An optimal MMSE-estimator for source codec parameters using ...

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2001 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT 2001)

作者： Heinen, S.M. Synopsys GmbH Kaiserstraße 100 D-52134 Herzogenrath Germany

We propose a new Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) estimator, which is able to exploit both intra- and inter-frame correlation of source codec parameters. Simulations, which were performed with realistic parameter corr... 详细信息

关键词： coding errors

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Minimum redundancy zero-error source coding with side information

Minimum redundancy zero-error source coding with side inform...

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2001 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT 2001)

作者： Koulgi, P. Tuncel, E. Regunathan, S. Rose, K. Dept. of ECE University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 United States

We consider the design of instantaneous variable-length zero-error codes where the decoder has access to side information about the source, which is not available to the encoder. We show that finding the optimal code, which minimizes the expected code-word length, is an NP-Hard problem. We derive an exponential-time optimal design algorithm. We also provide polynomial-time approximate algorithms, and discuss their average-case and worst-case performance guarantees.

关键词： coding errors

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SAW device implementation of a weighted stepped chirp code signal for direct sequence spread spectrum communications systems

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2000年第4期47卷 967-973页

作者： Carter, SE Malocha, DC Univ Cent Florida Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Orlando FL 32816 USA

This paper introduces a new weighted stepped chirp code signal for direct sequence spread spectrum (DS/SS) communications systems. This code signal uses the truncated cosine series functions as the chip functions, and it is the result of discretizing a continuous wave (CW) chirp that results in enhanced performance versus a pseudonoise (PN) code and equivalent performance and easier implementation than a CW chirp. This code signal will be shown to have improved compression ratio (CR) and peak sidelobe level (PSL) versus a PN code with identical code length and chip length. It also will be shown to have a similar CR and PSL compared to a CW chirp with identical pulse length and frequency deviation. The code signal is implemented on surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices that will be used as the code generator at the transmitter and the correlator at the receiver. The design considerations for the SAW device implementation of the code signal are discussed, including the effects of intersymbol interference. Experimental data is presented and compared to the predicted results for 8 different SAW devices examining the effects of code length (9 or 13 chips), weighting (uniform, cosine-squared, and Hamming), and sampling on the performance of the code signal.

关键词： chirp modulation coding errors intersymbol interference pseudonoise codes spread spectrum communication surface acoustic wave correlation surface acoustic wave signal processing BER CW chirp discretization DS/SS communications systems Hamming weighting S Chirp modulation Hamming weight surface acoustic wave signal processing Surface Acoustic Wave Device direct sequence spread spectrum Bit error rate COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS coding errors pseudonoise codes intersymbolic interference Spread spectrum communication Code generation

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Motion adaptive intra refresh for MPEG-4

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2000年第23期36卷 1924-1925页

作者： Worrall, ST Sadka, AH Kondoz, AM Sweeney, P Univ Surrey Ctr Commun Syst Res Surrey GU2 7XH England

The sensitivity to error of a video bitstream often changes as the amount of motion within a scene changes. Taking this into account, a scheme that attempts to optimise error robustness by varying the amount of adapti... 详细信息

关键词： code standards motion estimation Image and video coding data compression MPEG-4 adaptive intra refresh blocks error sensitivity Video signal processing video bitstream error robustness optimisation Signal processing theory motion adaptive intra refresh coding errors video coding adaptive signal processing

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Modelling quantisation error from quantised Laplacian distributions

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2000年第15期36卷 1270-1271页

作者： Lee, BU Ewha Womans Univ Dept Informat Elect Seoul 120750 South Korea

Post-processing, restoration or transcoding of JPEG and MPEG compressed images require a quantisation error model of discrete cosine transform coefficients. A method is presented to recover the original probability density function (pdf) parameter from quantised data, assuming that the original pdf of the coefficients is Laplacian. Quantisation errors are calculated from the Laplacian model.

关键词： code standards DCT coefficients probability density function Laplacian model MPEG compressed images discrete cosine transform coefficients coding errors image compression standards video coding quantised data quantisation error modelling quantisation (signal) image coding error analysis PFD parameter recovery JPEG compressed images probability discrete cosine transforms quantised Laplacian distributions

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Convergence of relative frequency of occurrence of error bursts on channels with memory

Convergence of relative frequency of occurrence of error bur...

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2000 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

作者： Hamada, M. Dept. of Info. and Commun. Eng. University of Electro-Communications Chofu-shi Tokyo 182-8585 Japan

The exponential convergence of the relative burst weight Wb(Z1...Zn)/n, i.e., the relative frequency of occurrence of bursts is established for a broad class of functionals {Zi} of finite Markov chains.

关键词： coding errors

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On the probability of undetected error

On the probability of undetected error

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2000 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

作者： Honkala, I. Laihonen, T. Department of Mathematics University of Turku FIN-20014 Turku Finland

We show that for a code used for error detection or combined error correction and detection in the binary symmetric channel, the probability of an undetected error can have several local maxima. In particular, we construct a code with three local maxima in (0, 1/2), a code with five local maxima in (0, 1);and a linear code with two local maxima in (0, 1/2) and a linear code with three local maxima in (0, 1).

关键词： coding errors

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Concatenation of error-correcting codes and multiple transmit antennas

Concatenation of error-correcting codes and multiple transmi...

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2000 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

作者： Li, X. Viswanathan, H. Huang, H. Bell Labs Lucent Technologies 791 Holmdel-Keyport Road Holmdel NJ 07733 United States

Many wireless systems today employ error correcting coding. Adding transmit diversity may further improve the performance. We study the options to achieve the goal without significant change to the existing systems.

关键词： coding errors

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