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Changes in the early communicative behaviors of young children with significant cognitive and motor developmental delays in a two-year span

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JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION DISORDERS 2023年第1期104卷 106337-106337页

作者： Dhondt, Ann Van Keer, Ines van der Putten, Annette Maes, Bea Katholieke Univ Leuven Fac Psychol & Educ Sci Parenting & Special Educ Res Unit Leuven Belgium Univ Groningen Fac Behav & Social Sci Groningen Netherlands Vanderkelenstraat 32 Bus 3765 B-3000 Leuven Belgium

Introduction: This study examines longitudinal changes in communicative behavior of young children with significant cognitive and motor developmental delays (SDD) and determines their individual communicative trajectories. A second focus of this study is the relation of changes in communicative behavior with motor ***: Data consists of codes resulting from a self-developed coding scheme used on obser-vations of 23 children in three different settings and responses on a questionnaire. First, group trends were determined to find out whether communication-related variables tend to significantly change over the course of two years. Furthermore, these findings were contrasted with the in-dividual trajectories of the children. Next, the association of initial communicative skills and (the acquisition of) specific motor skills with the change in their communicative functioning was studied. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks and correlational analyses were used to answer the research ***: Out of sixteen different variables related to communicative behavior, ten changed significantly over the course of two years. Children with more focus on prompt on the first datapoint showed a significantly larger increase of signs of functionality. Still, all children showed highly individual trajectories. Children with better motor skills on the first datapoint showed a significantly larger increase in communication ***: Results show that if a myriad of detailed variables are taken into account children with significant cognitive and motor developmental disabilities do change regarding their communicative functioning, but that they tend to all show unique developmental trajectories. Children with stronger skills in some aspects of communication and motor functioning, can be considered advantaged regarding their communicative development.

关键词： Early communicative behaviors Children with significant cognitive and motor developmental delays PIMD coding scheme Communication complexity

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Analyzing ethnographic interviews: Three studies on terrorism and nonviolent resistance

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INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2021年第2期42卷 149-163页

作者： Dornschneider, Stephanie Univ Coll Dublin Sch Polit & Int Relat Newman Bldg Dublin 4 Ireland

This article describes three analyses of ethnographic interviews conducted with violent and nonviolent political activists. The findings show that the deliberations of violent and nonviolent activists focus on state violence and rational choice calculations (Studies I and II), while nonviolent activists moreover consider perceptions of themselves and state actors, among other factors (Study II). In a highly repressive setting, nonviolent activists choose individual over collective resistance (Study III). By revealing how violent and nonviolent activists reason about their behaviour, the findings complement statistical analyses of datasets on external factors, such as economic conditions, political institutions, social networks or political events. Such datasets are typically readily available or can be constructed from publicly available data, while interview transcripts are more time-consuming to assemble. Furthermore, replicable quantitative methods are not straightforwardly applied to qualitative interviews. This article instead applies Spradley's ethnographic analysis (Study I) and Corbin and Strauss's grounded theory (Studies II and III) to examine interview transcripts. In addition to the substantive findings, the analyses make a methodological contribution to qualitative studies of interviews by systematically identifying each factor addressed by an interview transcript.

关键词： Terrorism nonviolent resistance ethnographic interview Spradley ethnographic analysis domain analysis taxonomic analysis componential analysis grounded theory open coding axial coding coding scheme

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Identification and Resolution for Industrial Applications Management 13

Identification and Resolution for Industrial Applications Ma...

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13th International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation (ICMTMA)

作者： Wang, Zilu Chi, Cheng Liu, Yang CAICT Inst Ind Internet & Internet Things Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665438926

The identification and resolution are the key of industrial application management system. In order to improve the generality and efficiency of industrial application management system, a novel identification and resoluation method for industrial application management is proposed. This paper analyzes the requirements of industrial applications for identifier naming scheme, and establishes a functional architecture for software deployment.

关键词： Industrial apps identifiers coding scheme identification and resolution system of industrial network

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Keeping track of the development of professional learning communities in schools: the construction of two qualitative classification instruments

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PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN EDUCATION 2021年第4期47卷 667-683页

作者： Huijboom, Fred Van Meeuwen, Pierre Rusman, Ellen Vermeulen, Marjan Open Univ Welten Inst Hugo Verrieststr 20 NL-5144 SB Heerlen Waalwijk Netherlands Open Univ Welten InstCONTACT Pierre Meeuwen Hugo Verrieststraat 20Waalwijk Heerlen Netherlands

For investigating a comprehensive PLC framework, instruments are needed that capture the multi-layered PLC characteristics and that take into account the complex influencing educational context. Such instruments are currently lacking. This study aims at describing the development and validation of two qualitative classification instruments usable for systematically identifying changes in PLCs. The 11 characteristics and accompanying behavioural and attitudinal indicators of a recently designed PLC framework were converted into codes and measuring values. For this conversion the 'directed content analysis approach' was used. The result is two classification instruments that can be used to collect and classify behavioural and attitudinal data from interviews and observations. The instruments cover all the characteristics, respectively indicators of the PLC framework and are suitable for validation by triangulation. This study contributes to the methodology for investigating PLCs by presenting two theoretically grounded and validated sets of codes, and two sets of measuring values. The latter is important for systematically developing knowledge on PLCs in educational practice. In everyday educational practice the instruments can be used to determine the state of the PLC and steps can be taken to stimulate its development.

关键词： Professional learning community discourse analysis interactive learning qualitative research coding scheme

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Child Fatality Individual Case Reports: A 24-Year National State-by-State Review

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CHILD ABUSE REVIEW 2024年第1期33卷 e2855-e2855页

作者： Mantell, David M. Chong, Natalie Takeno, Todd Pazdur, Michelle Walker, Taylor Columbia Univ Teachers Coll Dept Counseling & Clin Psychol Child Protect Lab 525 W 120th St New York NY 10027 USA

This study focused on the content of 1186 Child Fatality Review Board individual case reports collected nationally over a 24-year period (1995-2019). This information, in contrast to group data, may yield important insights into the causative factors, especially for child fatality resulting from neglect and inflicted injury. The reports were collected from six of the 50 states and evaluated for the quality and amount of information. They were also surveyed for data identifying causative factors for neglect and inflicted injury. Only 25 (2 per cent) of 1186 reports that are publicly available contained sufficient information about the four major causative factors-cause of death, prior child protection agency involvement by the family, evidence of professional negligence or error and family history of at-risk circumstances. The 25 cases were then reviewed and coded for presence of information about these factors. The findings demonstrate the need for federal intervention to provide specific guidelines for the states to track their cases, to use a common nomenclature, to investigate common causative factors and to practice common reporting procedures. In this way, a robust national database can be developed.

关键词： child fatality coding scheme child fatality review child maltreatment child protective services coding scheme

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An optimization method based on random fork tree coding for the electrical networks of offshore wind farms

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RENEWABLE ENERGY 2020年第Part1期147卷 1340-1351页

作者： Wang, Long Wu, Jianghai Wang, Tongguang Han, Ran Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Jiangsu Key Lab Hitech Res Wind Turbine Design Nanjing 210016 Peoples R China

The electrical network optimization is an important aspect of reducing the development cost of offshore wind farm because it accounts for nearly 25% of total investment. This paper presents an integration of the random fork tree coding scheme, a union-finding algorithm and electrical parameter calculating models for electrical network optimization. The coding scheme is developed for the first time for integrated optimization of the tree connection topology, substation positions, and cable cross sections to solve the defects of conventional step-by-step approaches such as minimum spanning tree, to achieve the most economical solution. The case studies clearly show that the proposed method, when coupled with the Omni-optimizer, achieves optimal economical matching solutions and can be applied for optimization of the tree-structure electrical network with any number of wind turbines and substations. However, the proposed method is not applicable for other topological structures, where the coding schemes need to be re-modelled. Also, gradient algorithms may be used in the optimization for convergence enhancement for hundreds of decision variables of the large-scale offshore wind farm. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wind farm Electrical network coding scheme Union-finding algorithm

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Reliable Cross-Technology Communication With Physical-Layer Acknowledgement

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2020年第8期68卷 5175-5187页

作者： He, Hao Su, Jian Chen, Yongrui Li, Zhijun Li, Lingang Chinese Acad Sci Inst Automat Natl Lab Pattern Recognit Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Sch Artificial Intelligence Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Sch Comp & Software Nanjing 210044 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Dept Elect Elect & Commun Engn Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Sch Comp Sci & Technol Harbin 150001 Peoples R China

Cross-technology Communication (CTC) is a promising paradigm for efficient coordination and cooperation among heterogeneous wireless technologies. Recent advances in physical-layer CTC (PHY-CTC) approaches the standards' maximum transmission rate by exploring PHY-layer signal features. However, due to the lack of reliable feedback, current PHY-CTC technologies can hardly ensure transmission reliability. This paper presents RAP (Reliable Acknowledged PHY-CTC), a bidirectional CTC design with reliable PHY-CTC feedback. First, we present a novel PHY-CTC technique to efficiently establish a reliable feedback channel (e.g., ACKs or NACKs). Then, based on the feedback, we propose a joint intra-packet coding and inter-packet coding scheme to improve the reliability of CTC. Finally, we present an on-demand data (re)transmission scheme to support unicast, multicast and broadcast more efficiently. We implement and evaluate RAP on USRP N210 with IEEE 802.11g PHY (WiFi) and commodity ZigBee devices. The experiment results show RAP achieves reliable data transmission (>99% packet reception rate (PRR)) and high throughput (over 35kbps) under a wide range of scenarios.

关键词： Reliability Wireless fidelity Zigbee Encoding Wireless communication Data communication Throughput Cross-technology communication acknowledgement reliability coding scheme

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Utilizing dependence among variables in evolutionary algorithms for mixed-integer programming: A case study on multi-objective constrained portfolio optimization

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SWARM AND EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION 2021年 66卷 100928-100928页

作者： Chen, Yi Zhou, Aimin Das, Swagatam East China Normal Univ Shanghai Key Lab Multidimens Informat Proc 3663 North Zhongshan Rd Shanghai 200062 Peoples R China East China Normal Univ Dept Comp Sci & Technol 3663 North Zhongshan Rd Shanghai 200062 Peoples R China Indian Stat Inst Elect & Commun Sci Unit 203 BT Rd Kolkata 700108 India

Mixed-Integer Non-Linear Programming (MINLP) is not rare in real-world applications such as portfolio invest-ment. It has brought great challenges to optimization methods due to the complicated search space that has both continuous and discrete variables. This paper considers the multi-objective constrained portfolio optimization problems that can be formulated as MINLP problems. Since each continuous variable is dependent to a discrete variable, we propose a Compressed coding scheme (CCS), which encodes the dependent variables into a contin-uous one. In this manner, we can reuse some existing search operators and the dependence among variables will be utilized while the algorithm is optimizing the compressed variables. CCS actually bridges the gap between the portfolio optimization problems and the existing optimizers, such as Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs). The new approach is applied to two benchmark suites, involving the number of assets from 31 to 2235. The experimental results indicate that CCS is not only efficient but also robust for dealing with the multi-objective constrained portfolio optimization problems.

关键词： Evolutionary computations Mixed-integer programming coding scheme Multi-objective constrained portfolio optimization

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Examining design cognition coding schemes for P-12 engineering/technology education

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN EDUCATION 2018年第4期28卷 899-920页

作者： Grubbs, Michael E. Strimel, Greg J. Kim, Eunhye Baltimore Cty Publ Sch Off Career & Technol Educ Jefferson BldgThird Floor105 W Chesapeake Ave Towson MD 21204 USA Purdue Univ W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

Cultivating students' design abilities can be highly beneficial for the learning of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) concepts, and development of higher-order thinking capabilities (National Academy of Engineering and National Research Council in STEM integration in k-12 education: status, prospects, and an agenda for research, The National Academies Press, Washington, 2014). Therefore, examining students' strategies, how they distribute their cognitive effort, and confront STEM concepts during designexperiences, can help educators identify effective and developmentally appropriate methods for teaching and scaffolding design activities for students (National Research Council in standards for k-12 engineering education? The National Academies Press, Washington, 2010). Yet, educational researchers have only recently begun examining students' engineering design cognition at the P-12 level, despite reports such as Standards for K-12 Engineering Education? (National Research Council 2010) designating this area of research as lackluster. Of the recent studies that have investigated engineering design cognition at the P-12 level, the primary method of investigation has been verbal protocol analysis using a think-aloud method (Grubbs in further characterization of high school pre- and non-engineering students' cognitive activity during engineering design, 2016). This methodology captures participants' verbalization of their thought process as they solve a design challenge. Analysis is typically conducted by applying a pre-determined coding scheme, or one that emerges, to determine the distribution of agroup's or an individual's cognition. Consequently, researchers have employed a variety of coding schemes to examine and describe students' design cognition. Given the steady increase of explorations into connections between P-12 engineering design cognition and development of student cognitive competencies, it becomes increasingly important to understa

关键词： P-12 engineering education Design cognition research Think-aloud protocol coding scheme

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An empirical evaluation of a Reflective Writing Framework (RWF) for Reflective Writing in Computer Science Education

An empirical evaluation of a Reflective Writing Framework (R...

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IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE)

作者： Alrashidi, Huda Ullman, Thomas Daniel Joy, Mike Univ Warwick Comp Sci Dept Coventry W Midlands England Open Univ Inst Educ Technol Milton Keynes Bucks England

ISBN: (纸本)9781728189611

Reflective writing is vital in learning professional skills and particularly in Computer Science (CS). However, there appears to be a lack of literature relating to a reliable of the current reflective writing frameworks used for CS education. This paper describes a novel Reflective Writing Framework (RWF) that has been applied to the manual content analysis of CS students' reflective writings. The paper aims to empirically examine this RWF in terms of reflection indicators and levels that can be manually assessed by raters. The results of this manual content analysis showed empirically that the coding scheme of the RWF is valid and reliable. The results were that the inter-rater reliability (IRR) of the overall coding scheme of the RWF increased from 0.5 to 0.8 in pilot tests and ranged between 0.40 and 0.75 in terms reflection indicators and levels;substantially, this means ranged from moderate to substantial agreement. This research contributes to CS education an RWF that can be reliably annotated and was validated by CS experts.

关键词： Computer Science Education Reflective writing Framework coding scheme Annotation

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