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Evaluation of selected cognitive functions before and after surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism

LANGENBECKS ARCHIVES OF SURGERY 2012年第5期397卷 825-831页

作者： Babinska, Dominika Barczynski, Marcin Stefaniak, Tomasz Oseka, Tomasz Babinska, Anna Babinski, Dariusz Sworczak, Krzysztof Lachinski, Andrzej J. Nowak, Wojciech Sledzinski, Zbigniew Med Univ Gdansk Dept Gen Endocrinol & Transplantat Surg PL-80211 Gdansk Poland Jagiellonian Univ Dept Endocrine Surg Chair Gen Surg 3 Coll Med Krakow Poland Med Univ Gdansk Dept Endocrinol & Internal Med PL-80211 Gdansk Poland Med Univ Gdansk Dept Otolaryngol PL-80211 Gdansk Poland

cognitive functions have been reported to be impaired in patient with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). The aim of this psychological study was to evaluate cognitive disturbances in pHPT in relation to serum calcium levels before and after surgery. A prospective, case-control study with 1-year follow-up of 35 pHPT patients versus 35 matched controls was undertaken. All patients were tested before surgery and at 12-18 months following surgery with a battery of selected cognitive function psychological tools: Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Memory Verbal Learning Test (DCS), The Rey's Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Trail Making Test A & B, Verbal Fluency Test, and Beck Depression Inventory. In addition to psychological testing, serum calcium, parathyroid hormone and phosphate levels were evaluated. The following cognitive functions of pHPT patients versus controls were deteriorated before surgery: impaired concentration, decreased nonverbal learning process, difficulties in using direct memory, verbal fluency and visual constructive abilities. However, no correlation was found between serum calcium levels and the results of neuropsychological tests. In longitudinal comparison of pHPT patients before and 1 year after surgery, there was a significant improvement in visual memory, visual-constructive abilities and direct memory. pHPT patients have significantly decreased concentration level, nonverbal learning process, access to verbal resources and constructional and visual memory ability. Thus, neuropsychological testing may be useful in the decision making for early surgery in patients with mild asymptomatic disease in order to avoid further deterioration of cognitive functions.

关键词： Primary hyperparathyroidism Neuropsychological tests cognitive functions Concentration Learning process

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Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus to improve symptoms and cognitive functions in patients with refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: a longitudinal study

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NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES 2023年第7期44卷 2385-2392页

作者： Xu, Jun Huang, Tao Dana, Amir Anhui Med Coll Dept Basic Courses Hefei 230032 Anhui Peoples R China First Affiliated Hosp Univ Sci & Technol China Dept Urol Hefei 230001 Anhui Peoples R China Islamic Azad Univ Dept Phys Educ & Sport Sci Tabriz Branch Tabriz Iran

There are conflicting results regarding the effect of deep brain stimulation (DBS) of different regions on the cognitive functions of patients with severe refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Moreover, it is not yet clear whether the rate of improvement in obsession-compulsion symptoms and cognitive functions following DBS is interrelated. We investigated the effect of the subthalamic nucleus (STN)-DBS on both the severity of symptoms and cognitive functions of patients and also investigated the possible interrelationship between the two. Twelve patients (10 males and two females;56.17 +/- 4.52 years old) were assessed before and 1 month and 3 months after the DBS surgery using the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), the N-Back, the selective and divided attention (SDA), the Tower of London (TOL), and the Wisconsin Card Sorting (WCS) tests. We found that the severity of symptoms and cognitive functions improved significantly after DBS and this effect lasted at least up to 3 months. Furthermore, it was revealed that the severity of symptoms and cognitive profiles of patients were significantly correlated. Compulsion severity had the highest correlation with perseveration errors, while obsession severity was most correlated with the number of n-back errors. Based on our findings, it seems that the STN acts at least to some extent as a common functional/anatomical ground for the severity of symptoms and cognitive functions of patients with severe refractory OCD, and it can probably be considered as the region of interest for DBS in this group of patients.

关键词： Deep brain stimulation Subthalamic nucleus Refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder cognitive functions

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Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on cognitive functions, electrocortical activity and neurogenesis in a non-human primate, the grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus)

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BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH 2018年 347卷 394-407页

作者： Royo, Julie Villain, Nicolas Champeval, Delphine Del Gallo, Federico Bertini, Giuseppe Aujard, Fabienne Pifferi, Fabien UMR CNRS MNHN 7179 MECADEV BioAdapt Team 1 Ave Petit Chateau F-91800 Brunoy France Univ Verona Dept Neurosci Biomed & Movement Sci I-37134 Verona Italy

Among environmental factors that may affect on brain function, some nutrients and particularly n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) are required for optimal brain development. Their effects on cognitive functions, however, are still unclear, and studies in humans and rodents have yielded contradictory results. We used a non-human primate model, the grey mouse lemur, phylogenetically close to human. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the impact of n-3 PUFA supplementation on cognitive functions, neuronal activity and neurogenesis. Two groups of animals whose diet was supplemented with either fish oil (rich in n-3 PUFA) or olive oil as a control. These two groups were subjected to a visual discrimination task and to a test of anxiety in the open-field. In parallel, cortical activity was measured with telemetric ECoG recordings. Finally, adult neurogenesis was investigated ex vivo by means of immunohistochemistry. Animals supplemented with fish oil exhibited better visual discrimination performance and tended to have lower anxiety levels. Furthermore, supplementation increased the power of alpha, beta and gamma frequency bands in the EEG, which are related to various aspects of memory and decision-making. This study also provides the first evidence of the existence of adult neurogenesis process in a prosimian primate. Notably, lemurs supplemented with n-3 PUFAs for 21 months exhibited a higher number of newly born neurons in brain areas related to memory and emotions, compared to control animals. Altogether, these results point to long-term positive effects of dietary n-3 PUFAs on various functions of the primate brain. Further studies will be needed to determine a formal causal link between behavioral improvement and creation of new neurons.

关键词： n-3 PUFA cognitive functions EEG Neurogenesis Primate Microcebus murinus

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Bortezomib-based regimen affects cognitive functions in multiple myeloma patients through the VEGF pathway - Hypothesis that connects different knowledge streams

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MEDICAL HYPOTHESES 2024年 193卷 111510-111510页

作者： Damic, Marija Stanic Valkovic, Toni Petranovic, Duska Belancic, Andrej Peric, Zinaida Clin Hosp Ctr Rijeka Dept Hematol Kresimirova 42 Rijeka 51000 Croatia Univ Rijeka Fac Med Rijeka Brace Branchetta 20 Rijeka 51000 Croatia Univ Rijeka Fac Hlth Studies Viktora Cara Emina 5 Rijeka 51000 Croatia Specialty Hosp Med Agaticeva 8 Rijeka 51000 Croatia Clin Hosp Ctr Rijeka Dept Clin Pharmacol Kresimirova 42 Rijeka 51000 Croatia Univ Rijeka Dept Basic & Clin Pharmacol & Toxicol Brace Branchetta 20 Rijeka Croatia

Multiple myeloma is a chronic hematological malignancy that usually affects older adults. Cancer-related cognitive impairment in multiple myeloma patients significantly impacts the everyday quality of life, however its pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Bortezomib is a commonly used drug in the treatment of multiple myeloma that does not pass the blood-brain barrier. Nevertheless, it can still affect central nervous system (CNS) through yet unknown mechanisms. This article discusses the potential effect of bortezomib-based treatment on cognitive functions in multiple myeloma patients. We hypothesize that bortezomib impairs cognition by decreasing the levels of a neuroprotective cytokine - vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The generation of hypotheses about the pathophysiology of cognitive impairment paves the way for future basic and clinical studies to improve multiple myeloma management. VEGF could serve as a biomarker of cognitive dysfunction while systematic evaluation of cognition could enable early detection of cognitive impairment. Timely recognition of cognitive impairment might be crucial when selecting the most appropriate treatment. Furthermore, this could allow the implementation of preventive measures against further deterioration in cognitive function and quality of life for patients with multiple myeloma.

关键词： cognitive functions Multiple myeloma Bortezomib Biomarker VEGF Chemo-brain

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Relationship of obsessive-compulsive symptoms to clinical variables and cognitive functions in individuals at ultra high risk for psychosis

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PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH 2018年 261卷 332-337页

作者： Soyata, Ahmet Zihni Akisik, Selin Inhanli, Damla Noyan, Handan Ucok, Alp Istanbul Univ Istanbul Fac Med Dept Psychiat Istanbul Turkey Istanbul Univ Aziz Sancar Inst Expt Med Istanbul Turkey

Few studies have investigated the relationship between obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) and clinical variables, and cognition in individuals at ultra high-risk (UHR) for psychosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of OCS and their relationship with clinical variables and cognitive functions in individuals at UHR. Eighty-four individuals at UHR for psychosis were administered the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, the Yale-Brown Obsession Compulsion Symptom Check List and, the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia. A cognitive test battery was also applied. We compared the clinical, functional, and cognitive parameters of individuals at UHR with and without OCS and healthy controls. Thirty-five percent of the UHR sample had at least two obsessions/compulsions. The duration of subthreshold psychotic symptoms was longer in individuals with OCS. Those who can work/study before first presentation were more frequent in OCS-positive group. CDSS scores were higher in those with OCS. Compared to controls, OCS-negative group's performance was worse in 8 cognitive test items, while OCS-positive group performed worse in only one cognitive test item. Our findings suggest that OCS are common in the UHR group. OCS might be related to higher level of depression, but better work/study performance, and less cognitive deficits in UHR group.

关键词： Ultra high-risk for psychosis Obsessive-compulsive symptoms cognitive functions

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Effects of Composite Supplement Containing Astaxanthin and Sesamin on cognitive functions in People with Mild cognitive Impairment: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

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JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE 2018年第4期62卷 1767-1775页

作者： Ito, Naoki Saito, Hitomi Seki, Shinobu Ueda, Fumitaka Asada, Takashi FUJIFILM Corp Pharmaceut & Healthcare Res Labs Res & Dev Management Headquarters 577 Ushijima Kaisei Kanagawa 2588577 Japan Memory Clin Ochanomizu Bunkyo Ku Tokyo Japan

Background: Dementia and its first or transitional stage, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), is a major concern for the aging Japanese society. Thus, the use of dietary supplements to improve or maintain cognitive function has become a topic of public interest. Objective: In this study, we evaluated the effects of a composite supplement containing food-derived antioxidants, specifically astaxanthin and sesamin (AS), on cognitive function in people with MCI. Method: Twenty-one healthy participants with MCI were recruited in our double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study. They were assigned to either an AS group, who received ingestible capsules containing AS, or a placebo group, who received identical placebo capsules. To assess cognitive functions, we performed the Japanese version of the Central Nervous System Vital Signs (CNSVS) test and the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cog test at baseline, after 6 weeks, and after 12 weeks of dietary supplementation. Results: The CNSVS test revealed significant improvements in psychomotor speed and processing speed in the AS group compared with the placebo group, suggesting that the daily supplementation of AS improved cognitive functions related to the ability to comprehend, and perform complex tasks quickly and accurately. Conclusion: Our results provide support for the use of AS as a dietary supplementation for improving cognitive functions.

关键词： Astaxanthin CNSVS cognitive functions mild cognitive impairment sesame extract sesamin

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The effect of CPAP therapy on insulin-like growth factor and cognitive functions in obstructive sleep apnea patients

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CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2017年第4期11卷 506-513页

作者： Kanbay, Asiye Demir, Neslihan Cerrah Tutar, Nuri Kostek, Osman Simsek, Zuhal Ozer Buyukoglan, Hakan Demir, Ramazan Parrino, Liborio Istanbul Medeniyet Univ Sch Med Dept Pulm Med Istanbul Turkey Erciyes Univ Sch Med Dept Pulm Med Kayseri Turkey Istanbul Medeniyet Univ Sch Med Dept Internal Med Istanbul Turkey Univ Parma Dept Neurosci Sleep Disorders Ctr Parma Italy

Objectivescognitive impairment is common among patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy on serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels and cognitive functions in patients with ***/Methods: Thirty-three patients with newly diagnosed OSAS and 17 healthy-control subjects enrolled in the study. All individuals completed the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) to evaluate cognitive function. Blood samples were taken at the end of the polysomnography in the morning and the same procedures were repeated 3 months after starting CPAP treatment. ResultsIn the OSAS group, the baseline MMSE score was 23.53.6, and serum IGF-1 level was 79.1 +/- 36.1 ng/mL. Both values were significantly lower compared with the control group (mean MMSE score=28.1 +/- 1.4, P=0.0001;mean serum IGF-1 level=147.1 +/- 49.1 ng/mL, P<0.0001). Three months after CPAP treatment, OSAS patients showed a significant improvement in MMSE scores (26.5 +/- 2.8, P=0.0001) and serum IGF-1 level (129.1 +/- 58.2, P=0.0001). In contrast, baseline and third-month measurements for IGF-1 levels and MMSE scores were not significantly different in the control group. ConclusionsThe results indicate that effective CPAP therapy in OSAS patients leads to significant improvement in cognitive functions and IGF-1 even in a short-term follow-up. cognitive function assessment might be a part of evaluation in OSAS patients.

关键词： cognitive functions insulin-like growth factor-1 mini-mental state examination obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

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Antipsychotics influence Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression and its relationship with cognitive functions in schizophrenia

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BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY 2017年 62卷 256-264页

作者： Keri, Szabolcs Szabo, Csilla Kelemen, Oguz Budapest Univ Technol & Econ Dept Cognit Sci Egry Str 1 H-1111 Budapest Hungary Nyiro Gyula Hosp Natl Inst Psychiat & Addict Budapest Hungary Univ Szeged Fac Med Dept Physiol Szeged Hungary Univ Szeged Fac Med Dept Behav Sci Szeged Hungary

Increasing evidence suggests that altered immune functions are related to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Relatively little information is available on Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which are implicated in the recognition of molecular patterns associated with pathogens and internal cellular damage signals. By using immunophenotyping and flow cytometry, we investigated TLRs in CD14+ monocytes, CD4+CD25 +Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (T-reg), and CD3+CD4+CD25+ activated T cells (T-act) in 35 drug-naive patients with schizophrenia before and after an 8-week period of antipsychotic treatment with risperidone or olanzapine. As compared with 30 healthy control individuals, drug-naive patients with schizophrenia exhibited an increased percentage of TLR4+ and TLR5+ monocytes and TLR5+ T-reg/T-act cells. At the end of the treatment period, we observed normalized TLR4+ monocytes and an up-regulation of TLR2+ monocytes and T-reg/T-act cells. Mean fluorescent intensity values, indicating receptor density, were consistent with these findings. In the drug-naive state, but not after treatment, higher percentages of TLR4+ and TLR5+ monocytes were correlated with more severe cognitive deficits. Positive, negative, and general clinical symptoms were not associated with TLRs. There were no significant differences between patients receiving olanzapine and risperidone. These results indicate that abnormal expression of TLR5 can be detected in the earliest stage of schizophrenia, which is modulated by antipsychotics. Immunological alterations in unmedicated schizophrenia patients may be linked to cognitive deficits. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Schizophrenia Toll-like receptors Monocytes Regulatory T cells cognitive functions

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Long-term follow-up of cognitive functions in patients with continuous spike-waves during sleep (CSWS)

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EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR 2016年 60卷 211-217页

作者： Maltoni, Lucia Posar, Annio Parmeggiani, Antonia Azienda Osped Univ Policlin S Orsola Malpighi Bol Child Neurol & Psychiat Unit Via Massarenti 9 Bologna Italy Univ Bologna Dept Med & Surg Sci Via Massarenti 9 Bologna Italy IRCCS Inst Neurol Sci Bologna Child Neurol & Psychiat Unit Via Altura 3 Bologna Italy Univ Bologna Dept Biomed & Neuromotor Sci Osped Bellaria Via Altura 3 Bologna Italy

Continuous spike-waves during sleep (CSWS) are associated with several cognitive, neurological, and psychiatric disorders, which sometimes persist after CSWS disappearance. The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the correlation between general (clinical and instrumental) and neuropsychological findings in CSWS, to identify variables that predispose patients to a poorer long-term neuropsychological outcome. Patients with spikes and waves during sleep with a frequency >= 25/min (spikes and waves frequency index SWEI) were enrolled. There were patients presenting abnormal EEG activity corresponding to the classic CSWS and patients with paroxysmal abnormalities during sleep <85% with SWFI >= 25/min that was defined as excessive spike-waves during sleep (ESWS). Clinical and instrumental features and neuropsychological findings during and after the spike and wave active phase period were considered. A statistical analysis was performed utilizing the Spearman correlation test and multivariate analysis. The study included 61 patients;the mean follow-up (i.e., the period between SWFI >= 25 first recording and last observation) was 7 years and 4 months. The SWFI correlated inversely with full and performance IQ during CSWS/ESWS. Longer-lasting SWFI >= 25 was related to worse results in verbal IQ and performance IQ after CSWS/ESWS disappearance. Other variables may influence the neuropsychological outcome, lilw age at SWEI >= 25 first recording, perinatal distress, pathologic neurologic examination, and antiepileptic drug resistance. This confirms that CSWS/ESWS are a complex pathology and that many variables contribute to its outcome. The SWFI value above all during CSWS/ESWS and long-lasting SWFI >= 25 after CSWS/ESWS disappearance are the most significant indexes that appear mostly to determine cognitive evolution. This finding underscores the importance of EEG recordings during sleep in children with a developmental disorder, even if seizures are not re

关键词： CSWS Childhood cognitive functions Neuropsychology Epilepsy Outcome

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The effect of a mindfulness-based intervention in cognitive functions and psychological well-being applied as an early intervention in schizophrenia and high-risk mental state in a Chilean sample: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

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TRIALS 2017年第1期18卷 1-9页

作者： Langer, Alvaro I. Schmidt, Carlos Mayol, Rocio Diaz, Marcela Lecaros, Javiera Krogh, Edwin Pardow, Aida Vergara, Carolina Vergara, Guillermo Perez-Herrera, Bernardita Jose Villar, Maria Maturana, Alejandro Gaspar, Pablo A. Univ Austral Chile Escuela Psicol Fac Med Campus Isla Teja S-N Valdivia Chile Univ Austral Chile Ctr Interdisciplinary Studies Nervous Syst CISNe Valdivia Chile Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile Inst Milenio Invest Depres & Personalidad Santiago Chile Univ Chile Clin Psiquiatr Univ Hosp Clin Santiago RM Chile Univ Chile Fac Med Santiago RM Chile Biomed Neurosci Inst Santiago Chile Univ Adolfo Ibanez Escuela Psicol Diagonal Las Torres 2640 Santiago Chile Univ Austral Chile Inst Neurociencias Clin Fac Med Campus Isla Teja S-N Valdivia Chile Red Salud Mental REDGESAM Santiago Chile Hosp Pino Serv Psiquiatria Santiago Chile Univ Chile Dept Neurociencias Fac Med Santiago Chile

Background: According to the projections of the World Health Organization, 15% of all disabilities will be associated with mental illnesses by 2020. One of the mental disorders with the largest social impacts due to high personal and family costs is psychosis. Among the most effective psychological approaches to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders at the world level is cognitive behavioral therapy. Recently, cognitive behavioral therapy has introduced several tools and strategies that promote psychological processes based on acceptance and mindfulness. A large number of studies support the effectiveness of mindfulness in dealing with various mental health problems, including psychosis. This study is aimed at determining the efficiency of a mindfulness-based program in increasing cognitive function and psychological well-being in patients with a first episode of schizophrenia and a high risk mental state (those at risk of developing an episode of psychosis). Methods and design: This is an experimentally designed, multi-center randomized controlled trial, with a 3-month follow-up period. The study participants will be 48 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (first episode) and 48 with a high-risk mental state, from Santiago, Chile, aged between 15 and 35 years. Participants will be submitted to a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI), which will involve taking part in eight mindfulness workshops adapted for people with psychosis. Workshops will last approximately 1.5 hours and take place once a week, over 8 weeks. The primary outcome will be the cognitive function through Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) and the secondary outcome will be psychological well-being measured by self-reporting questionnaires. Discussion: The outcomes of this trial will add empirical evidence to the benefits and feasibility of MBIs for the psychotherapeutic treatment of patients with schizophrenia and high-risk mental states in

关键词： Mindfulness Schizophrenia High-risk mental state cognitive functions Psychological well-being

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