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Proteome signatures for stress and starvation in Bacillus subtilis as revealed by a 2-D gel image color coding approach

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PROTEOMICS 2006年第16期6卷 4565-4585页

作者： Tam, Le Thi Antelmann, Haike Eymann, Christine Albrecht, Dirk Bernhardt, Joerg Hecker, Michael Univ Greifswald Inst Mikrobiol D-17487 Greifswald Germany

In this paper we have defined proteome signatures of Bacillus subtilis in response to heat, salt, peroxide, and superoxide stress as well as after starvation for ammonium, tryptophan, glucose, and phosphate using the 2-D gel-based approach. In total, 79 stress-induced and 155 starvation-induced marker proteins were identified including 50% that are not expressed in the vegetative proteome. Fused proteome maps and a color coding approach have been used to define stress-specific regulons that are involved in specific adaptative functions (HrcA for heat, PerR and Fur for oxidative stress, RecA for peroxide, CymR and S-box for superoxide stress). In addition, starvation-specific regulons are defined that are involved in the uptake or utilization of alternative nutrient sources (ThrA, sigma(L)/BkdR for ammonium;tryptophan-activated RNA-binding attenuation protein for tryptophan;CcpA, CcpN, sigma(L)/AcoR for glucose;PhoPR for phosphate starvation). The general stress or starvation proteome signatures include the CtsR, Spx, sigma(L)/RocR, sigma(B), sigma(H), CodY, sigma(F), and sigma(E) regulons. Among these, the Spx-dependent oxidase NfrA was induced by all stress conditions indicating stress-induced protein damages. Finally, a subset of sigma(H)-dependent proteins (sporulation response regulator, YvyD, YtxH, YisK, YuxI, YpiB) and the CodY-dependent aspartyl phosphatase RapA were defined as general starvation proteins that indicate the transition to stationary phase caused by starvation.

关键词： Bacillus subtilis color coding proteome signatures starvation stress

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Incremental value of color coding in 3D volume rendered CT images for interpretation of complex cardiothoracic vascular malformations

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY 2013年第5期168卷 4692-4698页

作者： Saremi, Farhood Bai, Chester Saremi, Arvin Young, Cen Garon, Bonnie Lee, Chris Hassani, Cameron Ihde, Lauren Univ So Calif Dept Radiol Image Proc Lab Los Angeles CA 90033 USA

Objectives: To evaluate the benefit of color coding of CT angiography images for the assessment of complex cardiovascular malformations by comparing the quality of 3D (dimensional) volume rendered (VR) images before and after vessel color coding. Methods: Cardiothoracic CT images of 34 patients with complex vascular malformations were retrospectively selected for post processing. 3D VR images were created without and after color coding of the target vessels. Source images as well as selected 3D VR images without and with color coding were reviewed independently by 4 observers and scores were recorded on a 4-point scale for overall image quality, visualization conspicuity of target vessels, and final interpretation of target structures. Results: Overall diagnostic advantages of color coded VR images compared with non-color coded VR images included;improved visualization of the anatomical course of vessels, improved visualization of the extent of abnormality, better understanding of the spatial relationship of structures (i.e. to right ventricle outflow tract), and improved overall quality of the images. For all comparisons the color coded score was statistically significantly better than the non-color coded score (p < 0.0001). A trend showed that review speed was faster for color coded images (p = 0.06). Good inter-observer agreement was achieved for the target conspicuity and final interpretation scores with weighted Kappa score of 0.66 (95% CI: 0.54, 0.79) and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.60, 0.81) respectively. Conclusion: color coded 3D VR images can optimize visualization of vascular structures and improve interpretation of complex vascular malformation in cardiothoracic CT studies. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

关键词： Ct angiography color coding Post processing Coronary CT

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Differential color coding of surgical margins in mastectomy specimens

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JOURNAL OF HISTOTECHNOLOGY 2012年第2期35卷 59-62页

作者： Mohan, Harsh Jindal, Shivani Punia, Rajpal S. Govt Med Coll & Hosp Dept Pathol Sect 32 Chandigarh India

Application of suture marks or clips for specimen orientation is routine for operating surgeons. However, it is impossible for a pathologist to reproduce these in the final sections. In most laboratories a single dye is employed to paint the surgical margins. It helps to assess complete/incomplete excision of a tumor. However, many times, several margins need to be studied together, especially in larger resection specimens. This study was undertaken to assess fabric dyes, which can be employed for marking surgical margins, for their reproducibility, safety, reliability, ease of application and cost. Multiple color coding was done on 24 mastectomy specimens and the results recorded and compared.

关键词： color coding Mastectomy Resection limits Surgical pathology

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MYOCARDIAL CONTRAST ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY - ENHANCEMENT OF PERFUSION IMAGES BY color coding

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JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND 1994年第1期22卷 21-27页

作者： DAVILAROMAN, VG BARZILAI, B Cardiovascular Division of Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis Missouri

To determine whether real-time color coding enhances the detection of myocardial perfusion through the use of echocardiographic contrast agents, we used a recently developed real-time color system during contrast injection in six open-chest dogs. Small amounts of echocardiographic contrast were injected into the left atrium. Short-axis epicardial images were obtained with a 5-MHz transducer before and after left anterior descending artery ligation. Gray-scale and rainbow-color map images were obtained for each contrast agent. The color map allowed detection of small increments in echo intensity that were not evident with routine gray-scale imaging. Thus, real-time color coding may improve the detection of myocardial perfusion with echocardiographic contrast agents. (C) 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

关键词： CONTRAST ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY color coding MYOCARDIUM

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MR Enterography in Crohn's Disease: Comparison of Contrast Imaging with Diffusion-weighted Imaging and a special Form of color coding (vol 194, pg 1119, 2022)

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ROFO-FORTSCHRITTE AUF DEM GEBIET DER RONTGENSTRAHLEN UND DER BILDGEBENDEN VERFAHREN 2022年第10期194卷 E2-E2页

作者： Jakob, Maja Backes, Maik Schaefer, Christian Albert, Joerg Geissler, Angela Molecular Oncology Robert Bosch Hospital Stuttgart Germany Radiology Robert Bosch Hospital Stuttgart Germany Gastroenterology Robert Bosch Hospital Stuttgart Germany

Purpose We compared contrast-enhanced MR enterography with diffusion-weighted sequences to evaluate the validity of diffusion-weighted sequences for activity assessment in Crohn's disease compared to endoscopy. In addition, we investigated a new color-coded image post-processing technique in comparison with standard sequences and endoscopy. Materials and Methods Included were 197 MR enterographies (20152017) performed by using standardized examination protocols. The intestine was divided into 7 segments, which were compared separately. The accuracy of the MR examinations with regard to disease activity was validated using the Seo and MaRIA score and endoscopy findings. In addition, the image data were post-processed using a color-coded evaluation method (DCE tool on OsiriX). Results The comparison between contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted sequences showed a highly significant correlation for all bowel sections with a mean Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.876 (0.8090.928). The color-coded image post-processing showed a sensitivity of 83.2 % and a specificity of 70.5 % in comparison with the MaRIA score. In comparison to endoscopy, a sensitivity of 81.3 % and a specificity of 70.5 %. In comparison with endoscopy, the MaRIA score showed a sensitivity of 80.2 % and a specificity of 84.0 % at a cut-off of 7. The visual score according to Seo showed a sensitivity of 85.7 % with a specificity of 77.0 % in the contrast-weighted examination and a sensitivity of 87.9 % and a specificity of 71.8 % for diffusion weighted images. Conclusion Diffusion-weighted sequences are as good as contrast-weighted sequences for assessing inflammatory activity in Crohn's disease. Contrast is often helpful for assessing complications, but this was not the purpose of this study. Visual imaging using color-coded data sets was similarly good at detecting inflammation.

关键词： MR enterography MR diffusion/perfusion inflammation bowel color coding MaRia Score

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Information visualizations for knowledge acquisition: The impact of dimensionality and color coding

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COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2006年第1期22卷 43-65页

作者： Keller, T Gerjets, P Scheiter, K Garsoffky, B Univ Tubingen D-72072 Tubingen Germany Knowledge Media Res Ctr Tubingen Germany

Information visualizations - interactive graphical representations of large amounts of abstract data which do not have a natural visual representation - have mainly been used to support information retrieval. This article investigates whether information visualizations are also suitable for fostering knowledge acquisition as well as how information visualizations, from a cognitive perspective, have to be designed to be efficient learning tools. An experimental study provided evidence that information visualizations support knowledge acquisition. In addition, with regard to the appropriate design, the empirical results showed that two-dimensional information visualizations are better suited for supporting processes of knowledge acquisition than three-dimensional ones and that color-coded information visualizations slightly increase performance in a knowledge test compared to monochromatic ones. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： information visualization knowledge acquisition dimensionality color coding

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IMAGING AND color coding OF MAGNETIC DOMAINS BY KERR SCANNING OPTICAL MICROSCOPY

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SCANNING 1993年第3期15卷 123-129页

作者： BUSCHER, P REIMER, L Physikalisches Institut Universität Münster Münster Germany

The imaging of ferromagnetic domains by the transverse Kerr effect using a scanning optical microscope (SOM) with two or four directions of light incidence (+/- x, +/- y) allows the digital record of the B(y) and B(x) components of the magnetic induction B. These components can be used to calculate a two-dimensional colour-coded map of B, which can be superposed by vector arrows.

关键词： SCANNING OPTICAL MICROSCOPY MAGNETOOPTICAL KERR EFFECT MAGNETIC DOMAINS color coding

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Effect of Level Overlap and color coding on Attribute Non-Attendance in Discrete Choice Experiments

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VALUE IN HEALTH 2018年第7期21卷 767-771页

作者： Jonker, Marcel F. Donkers, Bas de Bekker-Grob, Esther W. Stolk, Elly A. Erasmus Univ Erasmus Choice Modelling Ctr Rotterdam Netherlands Erasmus Univ Erasmus Sch Hlth Policy & Management POB 1738 NL-3000 DR Rotterdam Netherlands Erasmus Univ Erasmus Sch Econ Rotterdam Netherlands Erasmus Univ Dept Publ Hlth Med Ctr Rotterdam Netherlands EuroQol Res Fdn Rotterdam Netherlands

Objective: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that level overlap and color coding can mitigate or even preclude the occurrence of attribute nonattendance in discrete choice experiments. Methods: A randomized controlled experiment with five experimental study arms was designed to investigate the independent and combined impact of level overlap and color coding on respondents' attribute nonattendance. The systematic differences between the study arms allowed for a direct comparison of observed dropout rates and estimates of the average number of attributes attended to by respondents, which were obtained by using augmented mixed logit models that explicitly incorporated attribute non-attendance. Results: In the base-case study arm without level overlap or color coding, the observed dropout rate was 14%, and respondents attended, on average, only two out of five attributes. The independent introduction of both level overlap and color coding reduced the dropout rate to 10% and increased attribute attendance to three attributes. The combination of level overlap and color coding, however, was most effective: it reduced the dropout rate to 8% and improved attribute attendance to four out of five attributes. The latter essentially removes the need to explicitly accommodate for attribute non-attendance when analyzing the choice data. Conclusions: On the basis of the presented results, the use of level overlap and color coding are recommendable strategies to reduce the dropout rate and improve attribute attendance in discrete choice experiments.

关键词： discrete choice experiment attribute non-attendance level overlap color coding

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The research on multi-projection correction based on color coding grid array

The research on multi-projection correction based on color c...

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Annual Conference of the Chinese-Society-for-Optical-Engineering (CSOE) on Applied Optics and Photonics China (AOPC) - Optical Storage and Display Technology

作者： Yang Fan Han Cheng Bai Baoxing Zhang Chao Zhao Yunxiu Changchun Univ Sci & Technol Sch Comp Sci & Technol 7186 Weixing Rd Changchun 130000 Jilin Peoples R China

ISBN: (数字)9781510614000

ISBN: (纸本)9781510614000;9781510613997

There are many disadvantages such as lower timeliness, greater manual intervention in multi-channel projection system, in order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes a multi-projector correction technology based on color coding grid array. Firstly, a color structured light stripe is generated by using the De Bruijn sequences, then meshing the feature information of the color structured light stripe image. We put the meshing colored grid intersection as the center of the circle, and build a white solid circle as the feature sample set of projected images. It makes the constructed feature sample set not only has the perceptual localization, but also has good noise immunity. Secondly, we establish the sub-pixel geometric mapping relationship between the projection screen and the individual projectors by using the structure of light encoding and decoding based on the color array, and the geometrical mapping relation is used to solve the homography matrix of each projector. Lastly the brightness inconsistency of the multi-channel projection overlap area is seriously interfered, it leads to the corrected image doesn't fit well with the observer's visual needs, and we obtain the projection display image of visual consistency by using the luminance fusion correction algorithm. The experimental results show that this method not only effectively solved the problem of distortion of multi-projection screen and the issue of luminance interference in overlapping region, but also improved the calibration efficient of multi-channel projective system and reduced the maintenance cost of intelligent multi-projection system.

关键词： Computer vision color coding de bruijn multi-projector geometric correction luminance fusion

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A novel color coding method for structured light 3D measurement

A novel color coding method for structured light 3D measurem...

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Conference on Videometrics, Range Imaging, and Applications XI

作者： Huang Junhui Wang Zhao Gao Zhihua Gao Jianmin Xi An Jiao Tong Univ State Key Lab Mfg Syst Engn Xian Shaanxi Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780819486813

This paper presents a novel color coding method which is applied to structured light measurement using fringe-pattern projections. The method is based on time coding, and reduces the projection times of fringe patterns with the same number of fringes by adding colors into the conventional fringe patterns. But the introduction of colored fringes also brings a difficulty in image processing, that is color crosstalk. To address this problem, sinusoidal fringe patterns with four colors of white, red, green and blue are used to project to the measured object surface to reduce the edge effect. Based on those ideas and methods, a three-dimensional measurement system is built, and the direct linear transform (DLT) method of calibration with lens distortion corrected by cross ratio invariance principle is used to calibrate the internal and external parameters of the system. Then the parameters of the system are optimized by the bundle adjustment method. Finally, a standard metal hemisphere with spraying is measured, and the experimental results show that with the same times of projection, the lateral measurement resolution is higher than the traditional method, and the measurement accuracy of the depth direction is about 0.27mm.

关键词： 3D measurement structured light digital fringe projection color coding color crosstalk system calibration

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