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A systematic literature review on strategies to avoid look-alike errors of labels

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 2018年第8期74卷 985-993页

作者： Larmene-Beld, Karin H. M. Alting, E. Kim Taxis, Katja Isala Hosp Dept Clin Pharm Dokter van Heesweg 2 NL-8025 AB Zwolle Netherlands Univ Groningen Groningen Res Inst Pharm Fac Math & Nat Sci PharmacoTherapy Epidemiol & Econ Groningen Netherlands

Unclear labeling has been recognized as an important cause of look-alike medication errors. The aim of this literature review is to systematically evaluate the current evidence on strategies to minimize medication errors due to look-alike labels. A literature search of PubMed and EMBASE for all available years was performed independently by two reviewers. Original studies assessing strategies to minimize medication errors due to look-alike labels focusing on readability of labels by health professionals or consumers were included. Data were analyzed descriptively due to the variability of study methods. Sixteen studies were included. Thirteen studies were performed in a laboratory and three in a healthcare setting. Eleven studies evaluated Tall Man lettering, i.e., capitalizing parts of the drug name, two color-coding, and three studies other strategies. In six studies, lower error rates were found for the Tall Man letter strategy;one showed significantly higher error rates. Effects of Tall Man lettering on response time were more varied. A study in the hospital setting did not show an effect on the potential look-alike sound-alike error rate by introducing Tall Man lettering. color-coding had no effect on the prevention of syringe-swaps in one study. Studies performed in laboratory settings showed that Tall Man lettering contributed to a better readability of medication labels. Only few studies evaluated other strategies such as color-coding. More evidence, especially from real-life setting is needed to support safe labeling strategies.

关键词： Look-alike Label Tall Man color coding Medication

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Iterative Expansion and color coding: An Improved Algorithm for 3D-Matching

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ACM TRANSACTIONS ON ALGORITHMS 2012年第1期8卷 6-6页

作者： Chen, Jianer Liu, Yang Lu, Songjian Sze, Sing-Hoi Zhang, Fenghui Texas A&M Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn College Stn TX 77843 USA Univ Texas Pan Amer Dept Comp Sci Edinburg TX 78539 USA Med Univ S Carolina Dept Biochem & Mol Biol Charleston SC 29425 USA Google Inc Seattle WA 98103 USA

The research in the parameterized 3D-MATCHING problem has yielded a number of new algorithmic techniques and an impressive list of improved algorithms. In this article, a new deterministic algorithm for the problem is developed that integrates and improves a number of known techniques, including greedy localization, dynamic programming, and color coding. The new algorithm, which either constructs a matching of k triples in a given triple set or correctly reports that no such a matching exists, runs in time O*(2.80(3k)), improving a long list of previous algorithms for the problem.

关键词： color coding dynamic programming matching parameterized algorithms

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Opinion Acquisition: An Experiment on Numeric, Linguistic and color Coded Rating Scale Comparison 20th

Opinion Acquisition: An Experiment on Numeric, Linguistic an...

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20th Conference on Advanced Computer System (ACS)

作者： Pilipczuk, Olga Cariowa, Galina Univ Szczecin Mickiewicza 64 PL-71101 Szczecin Poland West Pomeranian Univ Technol Zolnierska 49 PL-70210 Szczecin Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783319484297;9783319484280

The paper presents the problem of acquiring person opinion using different rating scales. Particular attention is given to the scale created using a visible color spectrum and to the selection of the optimum number of colors in the scale. This paper aims to compare the effectiveness of the color coded scale, word scale and selected numerical scales during the process of students opinion acquisition. Opinions were collected by questionnaire and interview. The authors compare the average time of giving answers and the cognitive load (mental effort), and describe the problems occurring in the question-answer process. It was found that the opinion is most difficult to acquire using the word scale, while the results are most effective with a color and -10 + 10 numerical scale.

关键词： Rating scale color coding Opinion acquisition Cognitive load

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Counting Graphlets: Space vs Time 17

Counting Graphlets: Space vs Time

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10th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (WSDM)

作者： Bressan, Marco Chierichetti, Flavio Kumar, Ravi Leucci, Stefano Panconesi, Alessandro Sapienza Univ Rome Dipartimento Informat Rome Italy Google Res Mountain View CA USA Google Mountain View CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450346757

Counting graphlets is a well-studied problem in graph mining and social network analysis. Recently, several papers explored very simple and natural approaches based on Monte Carlo sampling of Markov Chains (MC), and reported encouraging results. We show, perhaps surprisingly, that this approach is outperformed by a carefully engineered version of color coding (CC) [1], a sophisticated algorithmic technique that we extend to the case of graphlet sampling and for which we prove strong statistical guarantees. Our computational experiments on graphs with millions of nodes show CC to be more accurate than MC. Furthermore, we formally show that the mixing time of the MC approach is too high in general, even when the input graph has high conductance. All this comes at a price however. While MC is very efficient in terms of space, CC's memory requirements become demanding when the size of the input graph and that of the graphlets grow. And yet, our experiments show that a careful implementation of CC can push the limits of the state of the art, both in terms of the size of the input graph and of that of the graphlets.

关键词： graphlet counting subgraph sampling random walk subgraph enumeration color coding graph mining

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NASA Technical Reports Server (Ntrs) 19910013472: a color-Coded Vision Scheme for Robotics

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2017年

NASA Technical Reports Server (Ntrs) 19910013472: a color-Coded Vision Scheme for Robotics by NASA Technical Reports Server (Ntrs); published by

关键词： (ntrs) 19910013472: algebra artificial intelligence classifications color color coding color vision color-coded computer vision contours edge detection extraction imaging techniques johnson, kelley tina nasa technical reports server (ntrs) pattern recognition polynomials reports robotics robots

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NASA Technical Reports Server (Ntrs) 19920001702: color-Coded Global Topographic Map of Mars

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2017年

NASA Technical Reports Server (Ntrs) 19920001702: color-Coded Global Topographic Map of Mars by NASA Technical Reports Server (Ntrs); published by

关键词： (ntrs) 19920001702: ablin, karyn k. color coding color-coded contours digital data elevation global gravitational fields howington-kraus, annie e. mars (planet) mars surface mathematical models mercator projection nasa technical reports server (ntrs) planetary geology relief maps reports sine waves terrain analysis topography wu, sherman s. c.

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NASA Technical Reports Server (Ntrs) 19910004366: Millimeter-Wave Sensor Image Enhancement

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2017年

[Auto Generated] CHAPTERS I. INTRODUCTION ..................... 1 II. BACKGROUND ....................... 4 III. IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES A. B. C. D. , , 9 FALSE color ENHANCEMENT ............. 9 SMOOTHING ..................... II BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE HISTOGRAM MODIFICATION . . . 17 EDGE DETECTION ................. 20 IV. CONCLUSIONS ....................... 25 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................... 25 REFERENCES ....................... 26 APPENDIX ........................ 27 iv 2--i. Millimete

关键词： (ntrs) 19910004366: airborne equipment brightness temperature color coding contrast edge detection enhancement image image enhancement image processing imaging techniques millimeter waves millimeter-wave nasa technical reports server (ntrs) noise reduction pattern recognition photointerpretation radiometers suess, helmut visual discrimination wilson, william j.

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Laser induced single spot oxidation of titanium

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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE 2016年 387卷 617-624页

作者： Jwad, Tahseen Deng, Sunan Butt, Haider DimovSchool, S. Univ Birmingham Sch Mech Engn Birmingham B15 2TT W Midlands England

Titanium oxides have a wide range of applications in industry, and they can be formed on pure titanium using different methods. Laser-induced oxidation is one of the most reliable methods due to its controllability and selectivity. Colour marking is one of the main applications of the oxidation process. However, the colourizing process based on laser scanning strategies is limited by the relative large processing area in comparison to the beam size. Single spot oxidation of titanium substrates is proposed in this research in order to increase the resolution of the processed area and also to address the requirements of potential new applications. The method is applied to produce oxide films with different thicknesses and hence colours on titanium substrates. High resolution colour image is imprinted on a sheet of pure titanium by converting its pixels' colours into laser parameter settings. Optical and morphological periodic surface structures are also produced by an array of oxide spots and then analysed. Two colours have been coded into one field and the dependencies of the reflected colours on incident and azimuthal angles of the light are discussed. The findings are of interest to a range of application areas, as they can be used to imprint optical devices such as diffusers and Fresnel lenses on metallic surfaces as well as for colour marking. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Laser-induced colorizing Titanium oxide Single spot oxidation color patterning color coding

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A novel color coding method for structured light 3D measurement

A novel color coding method for structured light 3D measurem...

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Conference on Videometrics, Range Imaging, and Applications XI

作者： Huang Junhui Wang Zhao Gao Zhihua Gao Jianmin Xi An Jiao Tong Univ State Key Lab Mfg Syst Engn Xian Shaanxi Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780819486813

This paper presents a novel color coding method which is applied to structured light measurement using fringe-pattern projections. The method is based on time coding, and reduces the projection times of fringe patterns with the same number of fringes by adding colors into the conventional fringe patterns. But the introduction of colored fringes also brings a difficulty in image processing, that is color crosstalk. To address this problem, sinusoidal fringe patterns with four colors of white, red, green and blue are used to project to the measured object surface to reduce the edge effect. Based on those ideas and methods, a three-dimensional measurement system is built, and the direct linear transform (DLT) method of calibration with lens distortion corrected by cross ratio invariance principle is used to calibrate the internal and external parameters of the system. Then the parameters of the system are optimized by the bundle adjustment method. Finally, a standard metal hemisphere with spraying is measured, and the experimental results show that with the same times of projection, the lateral measurement resolution is higher than the traditional method, and the measurement accuracy of the depth direction is about 0.27mm.

关键词： 3D measurement structured light digital fringe projection color coding color crosstalk system calibration

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Orientations - perfectly colored

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JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2016年第5期49卷 1786-1802页

作者： Nolze, G. Hielscher, R. BAM Fed Inst Mat Res & Testing Unter Eichen 87 D-12205 Berlin Germany Tech Univ Chemnitz Reichenhainer Str 39 D-09126 Chemnitz Germany

The inverse pole figure (IPF) coloring for a suitable evaluation of crystal orientation data is discussed. The major goal is a high correlation between encoding color and crystal orientation. Revised color distributions of the fundamental sectors are introduced which have the advantages of (1) being applicable for all point groups, (2) not causing color discontinuities within grains, (3) featuring carefully balanced regions for red, cyan, blue, magenta, green and yellow, and (4) an enlarged gray center in opposition to a tiny white center. A new set of IPF color keys is proposed which is the result of a thorough analysis of the colorization problem. The discussion considers several topics: (a) the majority of presently applied IPF color keys generate color discontinuities for specifically oriented grains;(b) if a unique correlation between crystal direction and color is requested, discontinuity-preventing keys are possible for all point groups, except for 4, 3 and 1;(c) for a specific symmetry group several IPF color keys are available, visualizing different features of a microstructure;and (d) for higher symmetries a simultaneous IPF mapping of two or three standard reference directions is insufficient for an unequivocal orientation assignment. All color keys are available in MTEX, a freely available MATLAB toolbox.

关键词： electron backscatter diffraction color coding symmetry groups orientation description

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