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Neighborhood environments underpin screen time intervention success in children: Evidence from a study of greenspace and community programming across 130 US communities

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HEALTH & PLACE 2024年 89卷 103341页

作者： Lang, Ian-Marshall Fischer, Anna L. Antonakos, Cathy L. Miller, Stephanie S. Hasson, Rebecca E. Pate, Russell R. Collie-Akers, Vicki L. Colabianchi, Natalie Univ Michigan Sch Kinesiol 803 N Univ Ave Off 1058 Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan Sch Publ Hlth Dept Nutr Sci 1415 Washington Hts Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ South Carolina Arnold Sch Publ Hlth Dept Exercise Sci 921 Assembly St Columbia SC 29208 USA Univ Kansas Med Ctr Dept Populat Hlth 3901 Rainbow Blvd MS 1008 Kansas City KS 66160 USA Univ Michigan Inst Social Res 426 Thompson St Ann Arbor MI 48104 USA

The goal of this study was to understand how neighborhood greenspace access may support or hinder the effectiveness of community programs and policies (CPPs) aimed at reducing racial and ethnic inequities in screen time among 4598 US children. We found higher CPP intensity was significantly associated with fewer screen time behaviors in high greenspace neighborhoods, but not neighborhoods with low or moderate greenspace. Moreover, there were significant differences in greenspace access by neighborhood-level race and ethnicity. Implementing CPPs without regard for racial and ethnic greenspace inequities may be an underlying cause in the perpetuation of inequities in childhood screen time.

关键词： Greenspace equity Screen time community programming Health disparities Childhood

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Living with Parkinson's disease: The benefits of community programming

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COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE 2020年 41卷 101241-101241页

作者： Spencer, Chelsea M. Haub, Michelle Rockers, Madison Kansas State Univ Manhattan KS 66506 USA Meadowlark Parkinsons Program Manhattan KS USA

Background: and purpose. Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder that has significant physical, mental and financial costs for individuals and families. It is necessary to examine ways to improve the lives of individuals living with PD. Materials and methods: Through the use of a thematic analysis, this study examined the benefits that participants in a community PD program experienced, and the barriers that prohibited individuals from participating. Results: Participants of the community PD program reported that participating in the program gave them a sense of community/belonging, increased knowledge about PD, a sense of hope/improved outlook on life, and physical improvements. Two main barriers preventing individuals from participating in the program was a lack of transportation and a fear of seeing PD symptom progression in others. Conclusion: Results highlight that community PD programs can aid in improvements in quality of life related to exercise, an improved outlook, and support.

关键词： Benefits community programming Parkinson's disease Support

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An evaluation of quality participation experiences in inclusive recreation programming for adults who have an intellectual disability

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Leisure/ Loisir 2022年第2期46卷 197-230页

作者： Weissman, Shannon E. St. John, Laura R. Khalil, Asma Tamminen, Katherine A. Cowie Bonne, Jennifer Kitchener, Lisa Arbour-Nicitopoulos, Kelly P. Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada City of Mississauga Recreation Services Division Mississauga ON Canada Community Living Mississauga Mississauga ON Canada

Individuals who have an intellectual and/or developmental disability (IDD) may benefit physically and psychosocially from engaging in recreation. This qualitative description study focused on the Inclusion Resource Team programme, an inclusive municipal recreation programme for adults who have an IDD, and explored elements that may lead to optimal recreation experiences. Interviews were conducted with 4 participants, 6 caregivers, and 11 staff. Guided by the Quality Participation Framework (QPF), a thematic analysis examined factors contributing to quality experiences within the programme. All three environmental conditions (physical, social, programme) and six building blocks (autonomy, belonging, challenge, engagement, mastery, meaning) of the QPF contributed to participants’ experiences. Some participants experienced barriers to ‘belonging’ and ‘engagement’. Findings support using the QPF in inclusive recreation for adults who have an IDD. Attention must be given to fostering belonging and engagement and environmental conditions that may contribute to these building blocks are identified. © 2021 Canadian Association for Leisure Studies / Association canadienne d’études en loisir.

关键词： community programming déficience intellectuelle et développementale inclusion Inclusion intellectual and developmental disability loisirs programmation communautaire quality participation qualité de la participation recreation

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Examining the context, logistics, and outcomes of food prescription programs: A scoping review

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RESEARCH IN SOCIAL & ADMINISTRATIVE PHARMACY 2023年第1期19卷 57-68页

作者： Cafer, Anne Rosenthal, Meagen Smith, Parker McGrew, Danielle Bhattacharya, Kaustuv Rong, Yiran Salkar, Monika Yang, Johnny Nguyen, Jasmine Arnold, Austin Univ Mississippi Dept Sociol & Anthropol University MS USA Univ Mississippi Dept Pharm Adm University MS USA Univ Mississippi Dept Pharm Practice University MS USA Univ Mississippi Dept Biol University MS USA Univ Mississippi Dept Chem University MS USA Univ Mississippi Dept Pharm Adm Sch Pharm University MS USA 537 Lamar Hall University MS 38677 USA

Background: Obesity and associated metabolic conditions are endemic. Finding new strategies to mitigate the impact on wellbeing and healthcare systems is critical. Food prescription programs (FPPs) have been promoted as one route to address this problem in a way that simultaneously addresses the socio-cultural context of obesity. Yet, little is known about the standard practices and logistics of using food prescription programs as an effective ***: To 1) identify the context in which food prescription programs are used;2) identify implementation logistics of food prescription program;and 3) understand the scope of food prescription program ***: A scoping review was conducted from October 2019 to May 2020 using Google Scholar, EBSCOhost, and AcademicOne Search to identify research articles focused on the implementation of prescription food pro-grams in the US. Updates to articles were made in May of 2021 and May of 2022 to ensure the most up-to-date sample for analysis. There was no publication date restriction for article ***: A total of 213 articles were identified for abstract review via the search strategy, and 30 articles were included for analysis following article exclusion. Overall, there was little consistency among included articles regarding the target population, participant recruitment, delivery, and evaluation of the food prescription pro-grams implemented. Most food prescription programs studied were associated with farmers markets, lasted less than 6 months, and utilized produce consumption and biometric data as primary outcomes ***: Significant gaps in the literature concerning the long-term effectiveness, impact on health behaviors, screening of eligible participants, and logistics for implementation were identified. Future research should focus on addressing these shortcomings in the current literature to improve the implementation, sustainability, and scaling of food prescription progr

关键词： Food prescription Program implementation community programming Chronic disease management produce prescription

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Adolescent substance use: Findings from a state-wide pilot parent education program

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BMC PUBLIC HEALTH 2022年第1期22卷 557-557页

作者： Nair, Nayantara Elliott, Alishia Arnold, Sarah Flachs, Andrew Beaulieu, Barbara Marceau, Kristine Purdue Univ Dept Human Dev & Family Studies 1202 West State St W Lafayette IN 47907 USA Valparaiso Univ Dept Psychol Valparaiso IN 46383 USA Purdue Univ Dept Publ Hlth W Lafayette IN 47907 USA Purdue Univ Dept Anthropol W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

Background Adolescent substance use has long been a top public health priority. In Indiana, concerning recent trends show high rates of youth alcohol consumption coupled with increasing use of opioids, synthetic marijuana, and over-the-counter drugs. Based on research indicating that parent-based prevention efforts may be a particularly effective way to target adolescent substance use, and in a direct effort to address Indiana's 2017 Strategic Plan to Address Substance Use, we conducted an applied research study targeting parents' knowledge regarding adolescent substance use in Indiana. Methods This community-based applied research study included: (i) a needs assessment of Indiana Extension Educators' concerns regarding adolescent substance use, (ii) creation and dissemination of an evidence-informed parent education program on adolescent substance use in collaboration with Purdue Extension (a key community stakeholder), and (iii) qualitative focus group discussions at the end of each program that assessed the challenges families face regarding adolescent substance use, the types of information and resources they wish they had, and the usefulness of our program. Results The needs assessment revealed that Indiana communities would most benefit from education regarding ways to spot and monitor substance use in teens, and strategies to communicate with teens about substance use. Additionally, Extension Educators thought that existing resources to tackle substance use largely did not match the needs of Indiana communities. Qualitative analysis of the focus group discussions across 8 pilot programs revealed five important themes: (1) The need for current, evidence-informed information regarding adolescent substance use among parents and youth-involved professionals in Indiana, (2) Concern regarding Indiana adolescents' ease of access to substances and lack of healthy recreational activities, (3) Communicating with teens about substance use is crucial but difficult to imp

关键词： Adolescent substance use Parent-education community programming Pilot study Focus group discussions Qualitative analysis

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Developing a Feasible Survey for community Organizations to Evaluate a Healthy Relationships Program

Developing a Feasible Survey for Community Organizations to ...

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作者： Maria C. Ibanez University of Western Ontario

学位级别：硕士

For community-based organizations that work with vulnerable youth, evaluation measures and activities are important strategies for assessing a program's impact on youth on different outcomes. However, rigorous program evaluation involving pretest-posttest measures and control trials are impractical to implement in community settings. It is critical for organizations to continuously measure programming efficacy, as it is an issue of accountability, ethical responsibility, and program improvement. Additionally, funders, policymakers, and stakeholders typically require organizations to monitor the effects of programming in their setting to continue receiving support. However, organizations conduct program evaluation under many constraints. There is an emergent need for a feasible tool for community organizations to collect data from their programs in an efficient yet effective manner that captures impactful information about program efficacy. The present study follows the development of a retrospective survey for community organizations to evaluate the Healthy Relationships Plus – Enhanced (HRP-E) program. The purpose of such a survey is to provide a measure for organizations to use so they can engage in ongoing program evaluation when more rigorous approaches are not feasible. An initial pool of items was generated based on HRP-E content and previous Fourth R surveys. Upon the development of the survey, nine experts were interviewed to gain their feedback on the draft. Interview transcripts from experts were coded and used for an inductive thematic analysis to organize, find patterns, and extract meaning from the interviews. Results discuss the major themes from the interviews and provide insight on important considerations for survey development in the context of research with community organizations and youth.

关键词： survey development vulnerable youth community programming

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Buffering effects of social support for Indigenous males and females living with historical trauma and loss in 2 First Nation communities

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIRCUMPOLAR HEALTH 2019年第2期78卷 Article: 1542931页

作者： Bernards, Sharon Wells, Samantha Morton-Ninomiya, Melody Plain, Sara George, Tracey Linklater, Renee Mushquash, Christopher George, Julie Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth Inst Mental Hlth Policy Res London ON Canada Univ Toronto Dalla Lana Sch Publ Hlth Toronto ON Canada Western Univ Dept Epidemiol & Biostat London ON Canada Deakin Univ Sch Psychol Geelong Vic Australia E Mino Bmaad Zijig Gamig Aamjiwnaang First Nat Hl Hlth Serv Sarnia ON Canada E Mino Bmaad Zijig Gamig Aamjiwnaang First Nat Hl Mental Wellness Team Lead Sarnia ON Canada Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth Prov Syst Support Program Aboriginal Engagement & Outreach Toronto ON Canada Lakehead Univ Canada Res Chair Indigenous Mental Hlth Thunder Bay ON Canada Lakehead Univ Ctr Rural & Northern Hlth Res Thunder Bay ON Canada Lakehead Univ Northern Ontario Sch Med Dept Psychol Thunder Bay ON Canada Ft William First Nat Dilico Anishinabek Family Care Thunder Bay ON Canada Kettle & Stony Point First Nat Hlth Serv Mental Hlth & Addict Sarnia ON Canada

Globally, Indigenous mental health research has increasingly focused on strengths-based theory to understand how positive factors influence wellness. However, few studies have examined how social support buffers the effects of trauma and stress on the mental health of Indigenous people. Using survey data from 207 males and 279 females in 2 Ontario First Nations we examined whether social support diminished the negative effects of perceived racism, historical trauma and loss on depression and/or anxiety. Among females, having more social supports was significantly related to a lower likelihood of depression/anxiety, whereas greater perceived racism and historical losses were associated with a greater likelihood of depression/anxiety. For both males and females, childhood adversity was significantly related to a greater likelihood of depression! anxiety. Among females, a significant interaction was found between social support and childhood adversities. For females with low social support, depression/anxiety was significantly higher among those who had experienced childhood adversities versus those with none;however, for those with high level of social support, the association was not significant. The same relationships were not found for males. Possible reasons are that males and females might experience depression/anxiety differently, or the social support measure might not adequately capture social support for First Nations males.

关键词： First Nations Indigenous resilience social support mental health wellness gender community programming epidemiology

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Delivery of home-based postpartum contraception in rural Guatemalan women: a cluster-randomized trial protocol

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TRIALS 2019年第1期20卷 639-639页

作者： Harrison, Margo Bunge-Montes, Saskia Rivera, Claudia Jimenez-Zambrano, Andrea Heinrichs, Gretchen Scarbro, Sharon Juarez-Colunga, Elizabeth Bolanos, Antonio Asturias, Edwin Berman, Stephen Sheeder, Jeanelle Univ Colorado Mail Stop B198-2Acad Off 112631 E 17th Ave Denver CO 80045 USA FSIG Quelzaltenango Guatemala Denver Hlth Denver CO USA

Background Postpartum contraception is important to prevent unintended and closely spaced pregnancies following childbirth. Methods This study is a cluster-randomized trial of communities in rural Guatemala where women receive ante- and postnatal care through a community-based nursing program. When nurses visit women for their postpartum visit in the intervention clusters, instead of providing only routine care that includes postpartum contraceptive education and counseling, the nurses will also bring a range of barrier, short-acting, and long-acting contraceptives that will be offered and administered in the home setting, after routine clinical care is provided. Discussion A barrier to postpartum contraception is access to medications and devices. Our study removes some access barriers (distance, time, cost) by providing contraception in the home. We also trained community nurses to place implants, which are a type of long-acting reversible contraceptive method that was previously only available in the closest town which is about an hour away by vehicular travel. Therefore, our study examines how home-based delivery of routinely available contraceptives and the less routinely available implant may be associated with increased uptake of postpartum contraception within 3 months of childbirth. The potential implications of this study include that nurses may be able to be trained to safely provide contraceptives, including placing implants, in the home setting, and provision of home-based contraception may be an effective way of delivering an evidence-based intervention for preventing unintended and closely spaced pregnancies in the postpartum period.

关键词： Postpartum contraception Long-acting reversible contraceptives Implant Nursing community programming Cluster-randomized trial

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Social citizenship, public art and dementia: Walking the urban waterfront with Paul's Club

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COGENT ARTS & HUMANITIES 2017年第1期4卷 Article: 1354527页

作者： Kelson, Elizabeth Phinney, Alison Lowry, Glen Univ British Columbia Sch Nursing Vancouver BC Canada Emily Carr Univ Art Design Fac Culture & Community Vancouver BC Canada

Among gerontologists and health researchers, there is growing recognition of the importance of social participation and inclusion towards the health, well-being and quality of life of people with dementia. This paper examines the role of public artworks to facilitate the social citizenship of people with dementia. It is based on as subset of data from a larger study on community-based programmes for persons living with dementia and examines how Paul's Club, a social recreation group for people with young onset dementia, experience the public art they encounter on their daily walks through the downtown core and around the Seawall of Vancouver, Canada. Analysis suggests that public art not only helped members navigate urban spaces, but also provided a focus for curiosity that leads to meaningful social interaction and place-based conversations, clearly contributing to group enjoyment and a sense of community belonging. Implications of this study relate to community programming, social citizenship, community design, public art and community engaged art practice, as well as health and social care for persons with dementia.

关键词： dementia community programming young onset dementia social citizenship outdoor environments public art social participation

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Girls Just Wanna Have Fun: a process evaluation of a female youth-driven physical activity-based life skills program

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SPRINGERPLUS 2014年第1期3卷 1页

作者： Bean, Corliss N. Forneris, Tanya Halsall, Tanya Univ Ottawa Sch Human Kinet Ottawa ON Canada

Introduction: Integrating a positive youth development framework into physical activity programming has become popular as it is believed that this integration can create the development of both physical and psychosocial skills. However, there has been a lack of intervention fidelity research within the field of positive youth development. Case description: The Girls Just Wanna Have Fun program was designed in response to increased calls for physical activity programs for female youth and is a theoretically-grounded physical activity-based life skills program that aims to empower female youth. The purpose of this paper was to provide a detailed description of the program and a process evaluation of the first year of program implementation. From interviews with youth and leaders, as well as documentation from the leaders' weekly online log of each implemented session, themes emerged regarding the successes. Discussion and evaluation: Findings from this study indicated that program goals were attained and it appears that the program was implemented, for the most part, as designed. The themes related to successes included using activities to facilitate relational time, providing intentional opportunities for leadership, having communicative program leaders who supported one another, and engaging youth in different types of physical activity. The themes related to challenges included difficulties with facility and transportation, some activities being too much like schoolwork, and social distractions and cliques. Included in the paper is a discussion of practical implications and recommendations for community programmers, as well as future directions for the program. Conclusions: Overall, this process evaluation represents an important step in responding to calls for increased evaluation in community-based programs and aids in understanding the process in which positive youth development programs can be effectively implemented.

关键词： Positive youth development Physical activity Process evaluation community programming Female youth

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