We developed parameterized B-rep-based surface correspondence estimation (PABSCO), which is a new category-level 3D object matching method to estimate the 6DoF poses and sizes of items consisting of multiple component...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781665490429
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665490429
We developed parameterized B-rep-based surface correspondence estimation (PABSCO), which is a new category-level 3D object matching method to estimate the 6DoF poses and sizes of items consisting of multiple components with high recognition accuracy for practical use in logistics warehouses. PABSCO represents differences in the part sizes of each item belonging to a category by using parameterized boundary representation (B-rep), which is composed of multiple surface connections and parameters that control the sizes and positions of surfaces. It enables efficient, accurate estimation of the 6DoF pose and size of an unseen object instance by repeating part size adjustment and the surface registration between the model and areas segmented from scene data. In an experiment based on recognition for picking items in a logistics warehouse, on average, PABSCO achieved a high recognition rate of over 99.9% and a relative part size estimation error of less than 6.3% for both single- and multi-part logistics items.
A wheeled mobile manipulator, consisting of a mobile platform and a manipulator arm, can be used to provide assistive handling of loads without requiring large investments or changes in factory layout. This paper intr...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781665490429
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665490429
A wheeled mobile manipulator, consisting of a mobile platform and a manipulator arm, can be used to provide assistive handling of loads without requiring large investments or changes in factory layout. This paper introduces a novel constraint-based control architecture in which such assistive tasks can be defined. From the same constraint-based task specification two constraint-based controllers are generated in such a way that the more accurate and higher bandwidth manipulator arm can compensate for the inaccuracies and lower bandwidth introduced by the mobile platform. The effectiveness of this approach is validated using a null-space motion task and a guided peg insertion task. The experiments clearly show an improvement in the accuracy of the null-space motion task and an increased comfort-level of the operator in the guided peg insertion task.
Data streaming applications are an important class of data-intensive systems and performance is an essential quality of such systems. Current component-based performance prediction approaches are not sufficient for mo...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783031166976
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031166976;9783031166969
Data streaming applications are an important class of data-intensive systems and performance is an essential quality of such systems. Current component-based performance prediction approaches are not sufficient for modeling and predicting the performance of those systems, because the models require elaborate manual engineering to approximate the behavior of data streaming applications that include stateful asynchronous operations, such as windowing operations, and because the simulations for these models do not support the metrics that are specific to data streaming applications. In this paper, we present a modeling language, a simulation and a case-study-based evaluation of the prediction accuracy of an approach for modeling systems that contain stateful asynchronous operations. Our approach directly represents these operations and simulates their behavior. We compare measurements of relevant performance metrics to performance simulation results for a system that processes smart meter readings. To assess the prediction accuracy of our model, we vary both the configuration of the streaming application, such as window sizes, as well as the characteristics of the input data, i.e., the number of smart meters. Our evaluation shows that our model yields prediction results that are competitive with a state-of-the-art baseline model without incurring the additional manual engineering overhead.
Technology advancements have enabled a wealth of health information to be remotely collected, resulting in increasing use of telemonitoring for patients with chronic diseases. In particular, multi-channel bio-signals ...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781665490429
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665490429
Technology advancements have enabled a wealth of health information to be remotely collected, resulting in increasing use of telemonitoring for patients with chronic diseases. In particular, multi-channel bio-signals such as ECG and EEG, gold-standard diagnostic approaches for many diseases, are able to be collected at home. To utilize multi-channel bio-signals for telemonitoring and telemedicine, it is critical to develop a rigorous prediction model that "translates" the monitored symptomatic signals into a clinical indicator of disease severity to facilitate disease monitoring and diagnosis. However, multi-level and multi-channel data pose major challenges for most statistical prediction methods. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a multi-level multi-channel framework to integrate multi-channel epoch-level bio-signals and other patient-level health covariates for precise prediction of disease severity in health telemonitoring. The proposed framework was applied in a real-world dataset consisting of 409 patients and achieved the highest prediction accuracy in comparison with benchmark methods that do not take account of the multi-level structure of features into prediction. The findings of this study demonstrate the efficacy and performance of the proposed method in predicting disease severity from multi-level multi-channel features, which contributes a novel predictive analytical tool to facilitate bio-signal-based health telemonitoring.
To improve care quality and efficiency of proton therapy systems, the facility has options to upgrade proton accelerator. However, operating a proton therapy facility is complex, and thus it is not obvious to see if a...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781665490429
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665490429
To improve care quality and efficiency of proton therapy systems, the facility has options to upgrade proton accelerator. However, operating a proton therapy facility is complex, and thus it is not obvious to see if an upgrade is necessary and to what level a facility should be upgraded to better serve patients. This study aims to explore the relationship between accelerator upgrade and system level performance. The time of each proton therapy procedure was collected from the proton therapy practice at Mayo Clinic and applied to a simulation model. The current state of 4-gantry proton therapy system was taken as a baseline, and different upgrade options were evaluated. It suggested that a small dose rate increase could achieve a significant system improvement in terms of patient throughput and beam wait time. Besides, the necessity of accelerator upgrade for 3-gantry and 2-gantry proton therapy systems was studied. The improvement of accelerator upgrade for systems with less gantries was mainly demonstrated by decrease of finish time. This study can help a proton beam facility make a proper upgrade decision.
In this paper, we propose to use a nonlinear adaptive PID controller to regulate the joint variables of a mobile manipulator. The motion of the mobile base forces undue disturbances on the joint controllers of the man...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781665490429
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665490429
In this paper, we propose to use a nonlinear adaptive PID controller to regulate the joint variables of a mobile manipulator. The motion of the mobile base forces undue disturbances on the joint controllers of the manipulator. In designing a conventional PID controller, one should make a trade-off between the performance and agility of the closed-loop system and its stability margins. The proposed nonlinear adaptive PID controller provides a mechanism to relax the need for such a compromise by adapting the gains according to the magnitude of the error without expert tuning. Therefore, we can achieve agile performance for the system while seeing damped overshoot in the output and track the reference as close as possible, even in the presence of external disturbances and uncertainties in the modeling of the system. We have employed a Bayesian optimization approach to choose the parameters of a nonlinear adaptive PID controller to achieve the best performance in tracking the reference input and rejecting disturbances. The results demonstrate that a well-designed nonlinear adaptive PID controller can effectively regulate a mobile manipulator's joint variables while carrying an unspecified heavy load and an abrupt base movement occurs.
This paper presents a human-robot collaboration (HRC) system which balance human workload and system productivity by using time pressure. To adjust time pressure using a real robot, we introduce a task scheduler that ...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781665490429
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665490429
This paper presents a human-robot collaboration (HRC) system which balance human workload and system productivity by using time pressure. To adjust time pressure using a real robot, we introduce a task scheduler that determines the intervention timing considering the movement limitation of the system and an interaction system using perception modality according to the work content. Our system was evaluated through a subjective experiment. In the experiment, workload and productivity were estimated using a physiological signal such as pupil diameter, subjective evaluation, and operation time. Based on the results of the experiment, we investigated the relation between workload and efficacy under the conditions of several time pressures. The result shows that the proposed HRC system can control time pressure, which can affect human workload and productivity.
This paper studies the following basic flexible manufacturing problem: Given N machines that can perform the same job on a production item (e.g., drilling or tapping) but with different capabilities (e.g., energy requ...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781665490429
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665490429
This paper studies the following basic flexible manufacturing problem: Given N machines that can perform the same job on a production item (e.g., drilling or tapping) but with different capabilities (e.g., energy requirements and speeds), what is an optimal schedule for the job on these machines? While this is a well-studied problem, the main innovation this paper introduces is the explicit modeling of the underlying process dynamics-i.e., the physical interaction of the item and the machine-using differential equations. The resulting scheduling problem is in a hybrid systems setting that involves determining the transition times between states, where the system evolution in each state is defined by differential equations. To the best of our knowledge, such a cyber-physical systems (CPS) oriented approach to machine scheduling has not been studied before, although it lies at the core of flexible manufacturing in Industry 4.0. We believe that this new formulation might lead to a renewed interest in machine scheduling problems, but now in a hybrid/CPS-oriented setting.
Automatic differentiation (AD) can provide infinitesimal perturbation analysis (IPA) derivative estimates directly from simulation code. These gradient estimators are simple to obtain analytically, at least in princip...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781665476614
Automatic differentiation (AD) can provide infinitesimal perturbation analysis (IPA) derivative estimates directly from simulation code. These gradient estimators are simple to obtain analytically, at least in principle, but may be tedious to derive and implement in code. AD software tools aim to ease this workload by requiring little more than writing the simulation code. We review considerations when choosing an AD tool for simulation, demonstrate how to apply some specific AD tools to simulation, and provide insightful experiments highlighting the effects of different choices to be made when applying AD in simulation.
Dynamic partial reconfiguration (DPR) enables the design and implementation of flexible, scalable and robust adaptive systems. We present an FPGA-based DPR flow for partially reconfigurable heterogeneous SoCs that use...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781665472968
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665472968
Dynamic partial reconfiguration (DPR) enables the design and implementation of flexible, scalable and robust adaptive systems. We present an FPGA-based DPR flow for partially reconfigurable heterogeneous SoCs that uses an incremental compilation technique to reduce the total FPGA compilation time.
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