This paper discusses a low cost solution to teaching controls in the laboratory through the use of a novel balance beam. The balance beam provides a vehicle to study many aspects of both control implementation and con...
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This paper discusses a low cost solution to teaching controls in the laboratory through the use of a novel balance beam. The balance beam provides a vehicle to study many aspects of both control implementation and control algorithms. Due to the complexity of the system, a full semester of laboratory exercises is provided for even advanced students. The flexibility of the system provides challenging exercises for different levels of education. A low overall cost translates to accessibility to more schools. The ability to achieve good tracking performance with a simple cascaded loop controller makes this an ideal tool for teaching controls in a laboratory setting.
Research and development is proceeding on a new gamma-ray detector array for nuclear physics: the Gamma-Ray Energy Tracking Array (GRETA). This array will consist of a spherical shell of highly segmented Ge detectors....
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Research and development is proceeding on a new gamma-ray detector array for nuclear physics: the Gamma-Ray Energy Tracking Array (GRETA). This array will consist of a spherical shell of highly segmented Ge detectors. By obtaining the energy and position of each interaction point, high efficiency and peak-to-total ratios can be obtained as compared with existing arrays. Here we discuss the computer algorithms that are needed to process the raw data and maximize the performance of the array. The results of these algorithms on Monte Carlo simulated data are presented.
This paper considers a problem of bioreactor control, which is formulated in Anderson and Miller (1990) and Ungar (1990) as a benchmark problem for application of neural network-based adaptive control algorithms. A co...
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This paper considers a problem of bioreactor control, which is formulated in Anderson and Miller (1990) and Ungar (1990) as a benchmark problem for application of neural network-based adaptive control algorithms. A completely adaptive control of this strongly nonlinear system is achieved with no a priori knowledge of its dynamics. This becomes possible thanks to a novel architecture of the controller, which is based on an affine Radial Basis Function network approximation of the sampled-data system mapping. Approximation with such network could be considered as a generalization of a standard practice to linearize a nonlinear system about the working regime. As the network is affine in the control components, it can be inverted with respect to the control vector by using fast matrix computations. The considered approach includes several features, recently introduced in some advanced process control algorithms. These features-multirate sampling, on-line adaptation, and Radial Basis Function approximation of the system nonlinear-are crucial for the achieved high performance of the controller.
The paper presents a fuzzy logic-based control principle of active and reactive powers in PWM voltage rectifiers. Such a PWM voltage-type rectifier, equiped with the proposed control strategy, may be used advantageous...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780339363
The paper presents a fuzzy logic-based control principle of active and reactive powers in PWM voltage rectifiers. Such a PWM voltage-type rectifier, equiped with the proposed control strategy, may be used advantageously as an active filter to compensate the unsuitable power factor and/or current high harmonics of nonlinear loads connected to the mains. After the description of this control algorithm, results of simulation are presented and compared with those for the Direct Self Control (DSC) strategy of the PWM rectifiers, which is another new and promissing method, The results of the analysis and simulation performed show that the fuzzy power control method if simple and little sensitive to the changes of input filter parameters, while the number of sensors needed is relatively low. The algorithm works well even for the small values of the input filter inductance and output de capacitance, and exhibits high dynamic capabilities.
Direct Torque control (DTC) is an emerging technique for controlling the PWM inverter-fed induction motor (IM) drives. It allows the precise and quick control of the IM flux and torque without calling for complex cont...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780339363
Direct Torque control (DTC) is an emerging technique for controlling the PWM inverter-fed induction motor (IM) drives. It allows the precise and quick control of the IM flux and torque without calling for complex control algorithms. In principle, moreover, it requires only the knowledge of the stator resistance. The? tutorial starts by reviewing the basic operation of an IM and of a PWM inverter using the space vector theory. The field-orientated (FO) control of an IM drive is also reviewed. Then the concept of DTC is illustrated and three DTC-based strategies [i.e. Switching Table (ST), Direct Self control (DCS), Space Vector Modulation (SVM)] are described. The ST strategy is dealt with in detail, discussing the results which can be obtained with different choices of the switching table. Problems associated with the selection of the amplitude of the hysteresis bands of the flux and torque controllers are illustrated by means of experimental data. Merits and limits of DTC: are reported and a comparison with FO control is given.
The modeling and design of a link-layer control algorithm for automated highway systems are presented in this paper. Link-layer control systems address the coordination of traffic on a stretch of highway, and serve as...
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The modeling and design of a link-layer control algorithm for automated highway systems are presented in this paper. Link-layer control systems address the coordination of traffic on a stretch of highway, and serve as the intermediate layer between traffic management (ATMS) and vehicle control (AVCS) systems. The key role of the link layer control system is to use macroscopic traffic information for improved traffic flow. A distributed control algorithm is developed based on optimal control theory. The proposed control law is implemented in a simulation program which keeps track of the motions of each individual vehicles on the highway. Simulation results under three perturbed conditions-uneven traffic distribution, broken vehicle, and traffic merging-are presented.
A set of computer algorithms has been developed to facilitate the measurement of temperature by radiometry during the galvannealing of steel strip. During the galvanneal process, the emissivity of the surface of the s...
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A set of computer algorithms has been developed to facilitate the measurement of temperature by radiometry during the galvannealing of steel strip. During the galvanneal process, the emissivity of the surface of the strip increases rapidly from a value of approximately 0.2 for the highly specular surface of the liquid zinc coating to a value as high as 0.8 for the surface of the diffuse intermetallic layer that is formed. Reliable noncontact measurement of temperature during galvannealing requires an approach that can accommodate and compensate for this large and rapid change in emissivity. The galvanneal process was simulated in 63 laboratory tests during which the temperature was measured by a thermocouple, and spectral radiance was measured using a dual-wavelength radiation thermometer (DWRT). The emissivity of the surface was obtained from these data. The tests were conducted at galvannealing temperatures of 753, 793, and 833 K and simulated line speeds of 60, 80, and 100 m/min. The laboratory data were used to develop a linear dual-wavelength emissivity compensation algorithm to infer the temperature of the strip to within +/-20 K. The iron content of the galvannealed layers varied in the range 5 to 13 pct, and measurements of surface roughness gave arithmetic roughness values in the range 1 to 3 mum.
The design of a fuzzy logic controller for dc/dc converters is described in this paper, A brief review of fuzzy logic and its application to control is first given, Then, the derivation of a fuzzy control algorithm fo...
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The design of a fuzzy logic controller for dc/dc converters is described in this paper, A brief review of fuzzy logic and its application to control is first given, Then, the derivation of a fuzzy control algorithm for regulating dc/dc converters is described in detail, The propo11pel01-sosed fuzzy control is evaluated by computer simulations as well as experimental measurements of the closed-loop performance of simple dc/dc converters in respect of load regulation and line regulation.
A control algorithm for control of Linear uncertain system is presented This algorithm is applied to the control of an unstable nonminimum phase uncertain dynamic vehicle. The algorithm is based on the state and param...
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A control algorithm for control of Linear uncertain system is presented This algorithm is applied to the control of an unstable nonminimum phase uncertain dynamic vehicle. The algorithm is based on the state and parameters observability canonical (SPOC) form and a certainty equivalence pole placement controller. The algorithm provides single controller for the problem of the uncertain dynamic vehicle that approaches the performance of a controller designed for perfectly known parameters within the whole range of the plant's parameters uncertainty. The algorithm is globally bounded input bounded output stable and needs only the knowledge of the order of the plant. The algorithm is presented and its performance is demonstrated by simulations.
The unified power flow controller (UPFC) is a tool in the implementation of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS), It provides for the equivalent of static VAr compensation and series injection using back-to-back f...
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The unified power flow controller (UPFC) is a tool in the implementation of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS), It provides for the equivalent of static VAr compensation and series injection using back-to-back force commutated converters, This paper proposes a control strategy to extend UPFC operation to allow for the isolation of harmonics due to nonlinear loads. Simulation results based on the Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP) are used to illustrate device performance in a power system environment. Experimental results based on a single phase laboratory implementation verify the proposed control algorithm.
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