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Estimation of disparity map of stereo image pairs using spatial domain local Gabor wavelet

IET computer VISION 2015年第4期9卷 595-602页

作者： Malathi, T. Bhuyan, M. K. Indian Inst Technol Guwahati Dept Elect & Elect Engn Gauhati 781039 India Indiana Univ Purdue Univ IUPUI Sch Informat & Comp Indianapolis IN 46202 USA

The stereo matching problem takes two images captured by nearby cameras and attempts to recover quantitative disparity information. Most of the existing stereo matching algorithms find it difficult to estimate disparity in the occlusion, discontinuities and textureless regions in the images. In the last few decades, a number of stereo matching methods have been proposed to overcome some of these problems. In the same line of thought, the authors propose a new feature-based stereo matching method, which consists of four basic steps - feature-based stereo correspondence, two-pass cost aggregation, disparity computation using winner-takes-all selection and finally, the disparity refinement. In the proposed method, local features of Gabor wavelet in spatial domain are used for matching cost computation and subsequently a cost aggregation step is implemented by combined use of the Kuwahara filter and the median filter. Experimental results on the Middlebury benchmark database shows that the proposed method outperforms many existing local stereo matching methods.

关键词： STEREO image ESTIMATION theory CAMERAS computer algorithms SEGMENTATION (Image processing) IMAGE analysis

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A recursive least square algorithm for active control of mixed noise

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JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION 2015年 339卷 1-10页

作者： Wu, Lifu Qiu, Xiaojun Burnett, Ian S. Guo, Yecai Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Jiangsu Key Lab Meteorol Observat & Informat Proc Nanjing 210044 Jiangsu Peoples R China RMIT Univ Sch Elect & Comp Engn Melbourne Vic Australia

Most currently available active control algorithms target noise sources with relatively singular characteristics such as tonal or wideband noise. However, noise in some practical environments is a mixture of different sounds generated by different sources, where the existing algorithms designed for single noise sources may not be optimal. This kind of noise is generally referred to as mixed noise, and this paper develops a specific active control algorithm for mixed noise based on the recursive least square structure. By minimizing the weighted summation of the logarithmic transformation of posterior errors and taking the commutation error into consideration, the proposed algorithm not only reduces broadband, narrovvbancl and impulse noise successfully, but also mixtures of them. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm over existing algorithms such as the filtered-x least mean square, filtered-x logarithmic least mean square, filtered-x normalized least mean square and filtered weight filtered-x normalized least mean square algorithms in terms of convergence rate and noise reduction. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： LEAST squares computer algorithms ELECTRONIC noise TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics) SIMULATION methods & models

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New Statistical Randomness Tests Based on Length of Runs

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2015年第1期2015卷 1-14页

作者： Doganaksoy, Ali Sulak, Fatih Uguz, Muhiddin Seker, Okan Akcengiz, Ziya Middle E Tech Univ Inst Appl Math TR-06800 Ankara Turkey Atilim Univ Dept Math TR-06836 Ankara Turkey

Random sequences and random numbers constitute a necessary part of cryptography. Many cryptographic protocols depend on random values. Randomness is measured by statistical tests and hence security evaluation of a cryptographic algorithm deeply depends on statistical randomness tests. In this work we focus on statistical distributions of runs of lengths one, two, and three. Using these distributions we state three new statistical randomness tests. New tests use chi(2) distribution and, therefore, exact values of probabilities are needed. Probabilities associated runs of lengths one, two, and three are stated. Corresponding probabilities are divided into five subintervals of equal probabilities. Accordingly, three new statistical tests are defined and pseudocodes for these new statistical tests are given. New statistical tests are designed to detect the deviations in the number of runs of various lengths from a random sequence. Together with some other statistical tests, we analyse our tests' results on outputs of well-known encryption algorithms and on binary expansions of e, pi, and root 2. Experimental results show the performance and sensitivity of our tests.

关键词： STATISTICAL reliability RANDOM numbers SEQUENCES (Mathematics) CRYPTOGRAPHY computer algorithms DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)

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Discrete-State-Based Vision Navigation Control Algorithm for One Bipedal Robot

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2015年第1期2015卷 1-12页

作者： Wei, Dunwen Northwestern Polytech Univ Sch Mech Engn Xian 710072 Shaanxi Peoples R China

Navigation with the specific objective can be defined by specifying desired timed trajectory. The concept of desired direction field is proposed to deal with such navigation problem. To lay down a principled discussion of the accuracy and efficiency of navigation algorithms, strictly quantitative definitions of tracking error, actuator effect, and time efficiency are established. In this paper, one vision navigation control method based on desired direction field is proposed. This proposed method uses discrete image sequences to form discrete state space, which is especially suitable for bipedal walking robots with single camera walking on a free-barrier plane surface to track the specific objective without overshoot. The shortest path method (SPM) is proposed to design such direction field with the highest time efficiency. However, one improved control method called canonical piecewise-linear function (PLF) is proposed. In order to restrain the noise disturbance from the camera sensor, the band width control method is presented to significantly decrease the error influence. The robustness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm are illustrated through a number of computer simulations considering the error from camera sensor. Simulation results show that the robustness and efficiency can be balanced by choosing the proper controlling value of band width.

关键词： computer mathematics computer algorithms BIPEDALISM computer simulation computer research

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Crowdsourced analysis of clinical trial data to predict amyotrophic lateral sclerosis progression

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NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015年第1期33卷 51-U292页

作者： Kueffner, Robert Zach, Neta Norel, Raquel Hawe, Johann Schoenfeld, David Wang, Liuxia Li, Guang Fang, Lilly Mackey, Lester Hardiman, Orla Cudkowicz, Merit Sherman, Alexander Ertaylan, Gokhan Grosse-Wentrup, Moritz Hothorn, Torsten van Ligtenberg, Jules Macke, Jakob H. Meyer, Timm Schoelkopf, Bernhard Tran, Linh Vaughan, Rubio Stolovitzky, Gustavo Leitner, Melanie L. German Res Ctr Environm Hlth Inst Bioinformat & Syst Biol Munich Germany Univ Munich Dept Informat Munich Germany Prize4Life Tel Aviv Israel Prize4Life Cambridge MA USA IBM TJ Watson Res Ctr Yorktown Hts NY USA Massachusetts Gen Hosp MGH Biostat Ctr Boston MA 02114 USA Harvard Univ Sch Med Charlestown MA USA Sentrana Inc Washington DC USA Latham&Watkins LLP Silicon Valley CA USA Stanford Univ Dept Stat Stanford CA 94305 USA Beaumont Hosp Dept Neurosci Dublin 9 Ireland Trinity Coll Dublin Dublin Ireland Massachusetts Gen Hosp Neurol Clin Res Inst Charlestown MA USA Univ Luxembourg Esch Alzette Luxembourg Ctr Syst Biomed Luxembourg Luxembourg Max Planck Inst Intelligent Syst Tubingen Germany Univ Zurich Inst Social & Prevent Med Zurich Switzerland Orca XL Problem Solvers Amsterdam Netherlands Max Planck Inst Biol Cybernet Tubingen Germany Bernstein Ctr Computat Neurosci Tubingen Germany Univ Calif Berkeley Berkeley Sch Publ Hlth Berkeley CA USA Biogen Idec Inc ALS Innovat Hub Cambridge MA USA

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease with substantial heterogeneity in its clinical presentation. This makes diagnosis and effective treatment difficult, so better tools for estimating disease progression are needed. Here, we report results from the DREAM-Phil Bowen ALS Prediction Prize4Life challenge. In this crowdsourcing competition, competitors developed algorithms for the prediction of disease progression of 1,822 ALS patients from standardized, anonymized phase 2/3 clinical trials. The two best algorithms outperformed a method designed by the challenge organizers as well as predictions by ALS clinicians. We estimate that using both winning algorithms in future trial designs could reduce the required number of patients by at least 20%. The DREAM-Phil Bowen ALS Prediction Prize4Life challenge also identified several potential nonstandard predictors of disease progression including uric acid, creatinine and surprisingly, blood pressure, shedding light on ALS pathobiology. This analysis reveals the potential of a crowdsourcing competition that uses clinical trial data for accelerating ALS research and development.

关键词： AMYOTROPHIC lateral sclerosis PROGNOSIS DISEASE progression BLOOD pressure CLINICAL trials CREATININE CROWDSOURCING computer algorithms

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Automatic Freeway Incident Detection for Free Flow Conditions: A Vehicle Reidentification Based Approach Using Image Data from Sparsely Distributed Video Cameras

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2015年第1期2015卷 1-13页

作者： Wang, Jiankai Sumalee, Agachai Hong Kong Polytech Univ Dept Civil & Environm Engn Kowloon Hong Kong Peoples R China Huawei Technol Co Ltd CRI Shenzhen 518129 Peoples R China King Mongkuts Inst Technol Ladkrabang Fac Engn Dept Civil Engn Bangkok 10520 Thailand

This paper proposes a vehicle reidentification (VRI) based automatic incident algorithm (AID) for freeway system under free flow condition. An enhanced vehicle featurematching technique is adopted in the VRI component of the proposed system. In this study, arrival time interval, which is estimated based on the historical database, is introduced into the VRI component to improve the matching accuracy and reduce the incident detection time. Also, a screening method, which is based on the ratios of the matching probabilities, is introduced to the VRI component to further reduce false alarm rate. The proposed AID algorithm is tested on a 3.6 km segment of a closed freeway system in Bangkok, Thailand. The results show that in terms of incident detection time, the proposed AID algorithm outperforms the traditional vehicle count approach.

关键词： VEHICLE detectors IMAGE analysis CAMCORDERS AUTOMATIC control computer algorithms

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Hybrid Self-Adaptive Algorithm for Community Detection in Complex Networks

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2015年第1期2015卷 1-12页

作者： Xu, Bin Qi, Jin Zhou, Chunxia Hu, Xiaoxuan Xu, Bianjia Sun, Yanfei Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Key Lab Broadband Wireless Commun & Sensor Networ Minist Educ Nanjing 210003 Jiangsu Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Internet Things Nanjing 210003 Jiangsu Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Internet Things Nanjing 210003 Jiangsu Peoples R China

The study of community detection algorithms in complex networks has been very active in the past several years. In this paper, a Hybrid Self-adaptive Community Detection Algorithm (HSCDA) based on modularity is put forward first. In HSCDA, three different crossover and two different mutation operators for community detection are designed and then combined to form a strategy pool, in which the strategies will be selected probabilistically based on statistical self-adaptive learning framework. Then, by adopting the best evolving strategy in HSCDA, a Multiobjective Community Detection Algorithm (MCDA) based on kernel k-means (KKM) and ratio cut (RC) objective functions is proposed which efficiently make use of recommendation of strategy by statistical self-adaptive learning framework, thus assisting the process of community detection. Experimental results on artificial and real networks show that the proposed algorithms achieve a better performance compared with similar state-of-the-art approaches.

关键词： HYBRID systems ADAPTIVE control systems computer algorithms MACHINE learning KERNEL functions

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A Line-Based Adaptive-Weight Matching Algorithm Using Loopy Belief Propagation

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2015年第1期2015卷 1-13页

作者： Li, Hui Zhang, Xiao-Guang Sun, Zheng China Univ Min & Technol Sch Mech & Elect Engn Xuzhou 221116 Peoples R China Zao Zhuang Univ Coll Mech & Elect Engn Zaozhuang 277160 Peoples R China

In traditional adaptive-weight stereo matching, the rectangular shaped support region requires excess memory consumption and time. We propose a novel line-based stereo matching algorithm for obtaining a more accurate disparity map with low computation complexity. This algorithm can be divided into two steps: disparity map initialization and disparity map refinement. In the initialization step, a new adaptive-weight model based on the linear support region is put forward for cost aggregation. In this model, the neural network is used to evaluate the spatial proximity, and the mean-shift segmentation method is used to improve the accuracy of color similarity;the Birchfield pixel dissimilarity function and the census transform are adopted to establish the dissimilarity measurement function. Then the initial disparity map is obtained by loopy belief propagation. In the refinement step, the disparity map is optimized by iterative left-right consistency checking method and segmentation voting method. The parameter values involved in this algorithm are determined with many simulation experiments to further improve the matching effect. Simulation results indicate that this new matching method performs well on standard stereo benchmarks and running time of our algorithm is remarkably lower than that of algorithm with rectangle-shaped support region.

关键词： computer algorithms COMPUTATIONAL complexity NEURAL networks (computer science) SIMULATION methods & models MATCHING theory

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A Novel Strong Tracking Fault Prognosis Algorithm

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2015年第1期2015卷 1-10页

作者： Zhang, Qi Jiang, Wei Li, Tian-Mei Zheng, Jian-Fei Xian Res Inst High Tech Unit 302 Xian 710025 Peoples R China

Improving the ability to track abruptly changing states and resolving the degeneracy are two difficult problems to particle filter applied to fault prognosis. In this paper, a novel strong tracking fault prognosis algorithm is proposed to settle the above problems. In the proposed algorithm, the artificial immunity algorithmis first introduced to resolve the degeneracy problem, and then the strong tracking filter is introduced to enhance the ability to track abruptly changing states. The particles are updated by strong tracking filter, and better particles are selected by utilizing the artificial immune algorithm to estimate states. As a result, the degeneracy problem is resolved and the accuracy of the proposed fault prognosis algorithmis improved accordingly. The feasibility and validity of the proposed algorithm are demonstrated by the simulation results of the standard validation model and the DTS200 system.

关键词： DEBUGGING in computer science computer algorithms PROBLEM solving computer simulation TRACKING filters

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Quasilinear Extreme Learning Machine Model Based Internal Model Control for Nonlinear Process

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2015年第1期2015卷 1-9页

作者： Li, Dazi Xie, Qianwen Jin, Qibing Beijing Univ Chem Technol Inst Automat Beijing 100029 Peoples R China

A new strategy for internal model control (IMC) is proposed using a regression algorithm of quasilinear model with extreme learning machine (QL-ELM). Aimed at the chemical process with nonlinearity, the learning process of the internal model and inverse model is derived. The proposed QL-ELM is constructed as a linear ARX model with a complicated nonlinear coefficient. It shows some good approximation ability and fast convergence. The complicated coefficients are separated into two parts. The linear part is determined by recursive least square (RLS), while the nonlinear part is identified through extreme learning machine. The parameters of linear part and the output weights of ELM are estimated iteratively. The proposed internal model control is applied to CSTR process. The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method are extensively verified through numerical results.

关键词： QUASILINEARIZATION MACHINE learning NONLINEAR analysis computer algorithms REGRESSION analysis CHEMICAL processes

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