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Transformative learning through Virtual Patient Simulations: Predicting Critical Student Reflections

CLINICAL SIMULATION IN NURSING 2014年第6期10卷 E301-E308页

作者： Kleinheksel, A. J. Shadow Hlth Instruct Design Gainesville FL 32601 USA Univ Florida Coll Educ Sch Teaching & Learning Educ Technol Gainesville FL 32611 USA

Background: The Digital Clinical Experience (TM) is a simulation software that allows nursing students to interview and examine virtual patient and then write self-reflections on their performance. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted on 130 master of science in nursing students' performance in the Digital Clinical Experience (TM) using a framework of situated cognition and transformative learning theory. Employing a within-stage mixed-model design, content analysis of structured self-reflections was conducted using Cook's Reflection Rating Rubric. Multiple regression was performed using self-reflection scores as the dependent variable;independent variables included time spent in simulation, lines of dialog, and primary and secondary clinical items discovered. Results: Critical self-reflection indicating transformative learning was predicted by the number of secondary clinical items students uncover during their virtual patient interview. Yet, this level of self-reflection did not occur for students who discovered only the primary clinical findings. Conclusions: This study presents evidence that virtual patient simulations can provide transformative learning experiences in nursing. However, to facilitate a transformative learning experience, these simulations must allow students to explore the presentation, history, and backstory of the virtual patient in depth, beyond superficial clinical findings. (C) 2014 International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and learning. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： virtual patient Digital Standardized Patient simulation reflective journaling self-reflection clinical reasoning computer based learning

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computer-supported collaborative learning: a research framework

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INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT & DATA SYSTEMS 2013年第4期113卷 605-623页

作者： Long, Yuan Nah, Fiona Fui-Hoon Eschenbrenner, Brenda Schoonover, Terrance Colorado State Univ Pueblo CO USA Missouri Univ Sci & Technol Dept Business & Informat Technol Rolla MO USA Univ Nebraska Kearney Dept Accounting & Finance Kearney NE USA Univ Nebraska Dept Informat Syst & Quantitat Anal Omaha NE 68182 USA

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to propose a computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) research framework. Design/methodology/approach - The framework was developed from a review and synthesis of the literature. More specifically, gaps in the literature were identified and a general framework for future CSCL research was proposed. Findings - This paper proposes a research framework that identifies a fit profile between learning objectives, learning tasks, and technology in CSCL. The fit profile, in turn, is expected to influence users' learning processes and outcomes. Research limitations/implications - This framework can serve as a foundation for future research in CSCL. More specifically, research should give consideration to the collaborative learning objective and task, which will vary in degrees of complexity and cognitive demands. Also, researchers will want to evaluate the level of sophistication of the CSCL technology, as well as its appropriateness for a given objective and task, which ultimately influences the learning process and outcomes. Practical implications - Considerations and guidelines for development of CSCL applications are provided. Originality/value - CSCL is an important research area that has attracted the attention of researchers from various disciplines (e.g. information systems, educational psychology). However, the findings are varied and sometimes conflict with each other. By emphasizing a fit profile between learning objectives, learning tasks, and technology, this paper proposes a theory-based research framework to address the inconsistencies observed in the literature.

关键词： learning methods learning processes computer based learning computer-supported collaborative learning Collaborative learning technologies Group support systems Fit profile Research work

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Performance assessment of an e-learning software system for sustainability

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International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences 2013年第2期5卷 208-229页

作者： Mahmood, Tariq Hafeez, Khalid Curriculum & Textbook Wing Ministry of Capital Administration & Development Government of Pakistan Islamabad Pakistan Hamdan Bin Mohamed e-University Dubai United Arab Emirates

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the performance of an e-learning software system to ensure its teaching and learning quality, contextual relevance and longer operational life to achieve economies of scale. Design/methodology/approach – A Goal-Question-Metric (GQM) paradigm along with the ISO 9126 quality characteristics is proposed to assess performance of an in-house e-learning software system in terms of its functionality, usability, efficiency and effectiveness. The e-learning software system was designed and implemented for teaching staff of developing countries attending the T&L “train the trainer” course at the Colombo Plan Staff College (CPSC), Manila, Philippines. The data were collected from the participants from 20 countries who attended the program over a period of three years. Findings – The approach was very effective for assessing and evaluating various functions of the web-based teaching and learning software system and assessing its suitability in teaching and learning, and interaction among the users. The findings were utilized to further improve the management and quality of the training program. Research limitations/implications – Commitment and participation of stakeholders/users is required to appropriately define the assessment goals, generate underlying questions that define those goals, and identify the metrics that provide answers to those questions. The research has limitations similar to any other questionnaire based subjective data collection method, much relying upon the respondent judgments. Therefore, a sound mechanism for data collection, validation and analysis needs to be employed to ensure internal consistency and accuracy. Social implications – Many e-learning software systems are accessed across the globe and are utilized by a number of institutions simultaneously while crossing over national and geographical boundaries. Therefore, performance assessment based on different ethical and social values and language b

关键词： computer based learning computer software Developing countries E-learning Economies of scale Goal-question-metric approach ISO 9126 learning methods Software performance assessment Software quality characteristics Web based teaching and learning system

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E-learning from a student's view with focus on Global Studies

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Multicultural Education and Technology Journal 2013年第2期7卷 176-191页

作者： Bader, Lena Köttstorfer, Marlene Joanneum research Graz Austria Department for Children Youth and Family Knittelfeld Austria

Purpose: The current Internet Outlook of the OECD states that e-learning has the potential to revolutionise education and learning - if complemented by suitable didactic approaches. Therefore, the situation of e-learning is analysed from a student's perspective with focus on a new master program in Global Studies. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the use of ICTs within Global Studies compared to other fields of study. Design/methodology/approach: The empirical basis of this paper is one online survey for students of Global Studies Graz and personal interviews with students' representatives of three different courses of studies at the University of Applied Sciences in Graz and at the University of Vienna. Findings: Although the intensity of e-learning technologies is relatively low in Austria as compared to other OECD countries, several courses within the master curriculum of Global Studies Graz use innovative e-learning techniques at several levels. The level and intensity of ICT usage in Austria reflects the interests of students: around 60 percent prefer ICTs as amendment to traditional teaching methods. Only around 7 percent demand a higher supply of pure online courses. Practical implications: The findings of this paper can be helpful especially for universities that intend to initiate a master program on global equity, multiculturality, social inclusion, global development, or globalisation. Social implications: The findings show that students in Austria prefer on-campus contact with students and lecturers. Nevertheless, in cases where e-learning increases the quality of lectures and their academic outcomes, it is preferable from a student perspective to further promote the use of ICTs in tertiary education. Originality/value: Authentic results of student experiences and approaches such as the present analysis are important in order to improve the quality of Global Studies and other similar academic programs. © Emerald Group Publishing Limite

关键词： Austria Blended learning computer based learning E-learning Global Studies ICTs University of Applied Sciences University of Graz University of Vienna

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Cloud computing: A social cognitive perspective of ethics, entrepreneurship, technology marketing, computer self-efficacy and outcome expectancy on behavioural intentions

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AUSTRALASIAN MARKETING JOURNAL 2013年第3期21卷 137-146页

作者： Ratten, Vanessa La Trobe Univ La Trobe Business Sch Melbourne Vic 3125 Australia

Cloud computing is one of the most important trends in technology innovation but its widespread adoption by individual's remains unexplored. The main purpose of this paper is to examine behavioural intentions towards cloud computing in an educational setting through the use of social cognitive theory. A survey questionnaire was tested amongst a sample of young consumers to develop an understanding of entrepreneurial inclination, ethical tendencies, technology marketing, computer self-efficacy and outcome expectancy on behavioural intention and learning effectiveness of cloud computing technology. The results indicated that ethical tendencies and technology marketing are indicators of behavioural intention to adopt cloud computing as an educational learning resource. The statistical analysis conducted supports the view that social cognitive theory can help to understand the main internal and external drivers of increasing an individual's intention to adopt cloud computing as a learning instrument. This paper contributes to the interactive technology, educational and technology marketing literature by integrating social cognitive theory with cloud computing services to highlight the importance of individual's learning about innovations and adopting them in a higher educational setting. (C) 2013 Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Technology marketing Ethics Entrepreneurship Digital technology learning Mobile technology Technological innovation Social cognitive theory Technology innovation Higher education Cloud computing Adoption behaviour computer based learning e-learning

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Online pedagogy: reaching out to the "hard-to-reach'' learners

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JOURNAL OF ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGIES 2013年第1期7卷 34-46页

作者： Devi, Anita McGarry, Andy Nisai Virtual Acad Harrow Middx England

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how an online virtual academy utilises a different approach to learning in order to engage hard-to-reach learners;for whom traditional methods of learning are not effective. Design/methodology/approach - Small scale research using case studies of the students, phenomenographic professional development research for the tutors and academic results to demonstrate impact. Findings - The findings appear to support the "community of inquiry model'' proposed by Garrison, Anderson and Archer as well as the recommendations from the Framework for the National Curriculum (DfE), i.e. this interactive and experiential process between what is taught (subject knowledge) and the learner (individual development). Research limitations/implications - The learning circle proved to be an excellent tool for visually representing the phenomena and it was observed that this tool could also prove beneficial to learners in future application of this pedagogy. Practical implications - The research enables educators to consider: what constitutes effective learning online and what tools can be utilised to enhance this pedagogical approach? What are the barriers to learning for these hard-to-reach learners? How can the online environment and a range of technological tools be used to overcome the barriers for these learners? Social implications - For many hard-to-reach learners social interaction can be a challenge. The feedback from case studies demonstrated how learners felt a greater sense of security by using an online environment and therefore were able to form stronger and sustainable social relationships, thus enhancing the learning process. Originality/value - This research aims to add to the body of knowledge defining "effective online pedagogy''. In this instance phenomenology was used as an approach to engage the tutor and learner in a co-constructive process of development and learning.

关键词： Online learning Hard-to-reach learners Pupil engagement Pedagogy Phenomenography Variation theory learning computer based learning

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Creating a collaborative learning community in the CIS Sandbox

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INTERACTIVE TECHNOLOGY AND SMART EDUCATION 2013年第1期10卷 49-+页

作者： Frydenberg, Mark Bentley Univ Dept Comp Informat Syst Comp Informat Syst Waltham MA 02452 USA

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of transforming a traditional university computer lab to create a collaborative learning community known as the CIS Sandbox, by remodeling a physical space and supporting it with a virtual presence through the use of social media tools. The discussion applies Selander's " designs for learning" to frame learning experiences in the CIS Sandbox. Design/methodology/approach - To determine attitudes toward learning in such an environment, students who staffed and visited the physical space during its first semester completed a voluntary survey. The study investigated attitudes of visitors toward both classroom and extracurricular technology learning;participants also shared their views on the effect of creating a collaborative physical learning environment, and the extent to which they also made use of its online presence. Findings - Providing both classroom assistance as well as a space for exploring technology, coupled with a focus on blogs and social media, creates interest in IT among students and contributes to student learning. It also creates an opportunity to foster entrepreneurship among student workers who manage these tools as part of the day-to-day operation of the facility. Research limitations/implications - The study presents one implementation of a collaborative learning community formed in a renovated computer lab after a preliminary start-up period and considers signs for learning based on its activities. Practical implications - This study presents an innovative model for administering a computer lab, focused on new technologies and peer learning. This approach fosters a sense of entrepreneurship among student workers. Originality/value - While many have studied learning space design and features for promoting collaborative learning, this study also describes a virtual presence that extends the lab's services by providing online resources.

关键词： Collaborative learning Informal learning learning community computer lab learning environments Design for learning Blogs Social media Universities United States of America computer based learning

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Dynamic publishing: A new breakthrough for learning technologies

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Industrial and Commercial Training 2013年第2期45卷 87-91页

作者： Little, Bob Bob Little Press and PR St Albans United Kingdom

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of a new development in learning technology, while also demonstrating detailed knowledge of key developments. The new development in learning technology - known as dynamic publishing - makes possible advances in personalised and mobile learning delivery, among other things. Design/methodology/approach: The paper gives an explanation of key terms, including LMS, LCMS, static publishing, dynamic publishing - and their key features and benefits. Findings: Dynamic publishing offers ten key benefits. Research limitations/implications: Dynamic publishing offers many advantages to both developers of online learning and users of online learning. In particular, it enables innovative business modelling, along with skills and media personalisation solutions - leading to overall content strategy optimisation. Practical implications: There are a number of practical implications for learning content developers, learning and development managers and learners. At most, dynamic publishing could revolutionise the way that online learning contents are developed, stored, accessed and delivered - on an individualised basis - to learners. Social implications: This could change not just the world of corporate learning (and online learning especially) but also the way that academic knowledge is imparted. Originality/value: This learning technology - of dynamic publishing - is, as yet, in its early stages. As with all technologies of recent times, it is set to develop rapidly. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

关键词： computer based learning Dynamic publishing learning learning management systems M-learning Personalisation Publishing Static publishing

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Increasing learners' satisfaction/intention to adopt more e-learning

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EDUCATION AND TRAINING 2013年第1期55卷 83-105页

作者： Sawang, Sukanlaya Newton, Cameron Jamieson, Kieren Queensland Univ Technol QUT Business Sch Brisbane Qld Australia CQ Univ Australia Sch Informat & Commun Technol Bundaberg Qld Australia

Purpose - E-learning is an organizationally risky investment given the cost and poor levels of adoption by users. In order to gain a better understanding of this problem, the aim of this paper is to conduct a study into the use of e-learning in a rail organization. Design/methodology/approach - Using an online survey, employees of a rail-sector organization were questioned about their use and likelihood of adoption of e-learning. This study explores the factors that affect the way in which learners experience and perceive such systems. Using statistical analysis, 12 hypotheses are tested and explored. Relationships between learning satisfaction, intention to adopt, and the characteristics of e-learning systems were established. Findings - The study found that e-learning characteristics can buffer the relationship between learner characteristics and intention to adopt further e- learning in the future. Further, the paper found that high levels of support can compensate individuals who are low in technological efficacy to adopt e-learning. Research limitations/implications - The cross-sectional design of the study and its focus on measuring intention to adopt as opposed to actual adoption are both limitations. Future research using longitudinal design and research employing a time lag design measuring actual adoption as well as intention are recommended. Practical implications - From a practical perspective, organizations can focus on the actual content and authenticity of the learning experience delivered by the e-learning system to significantly impact how employees will perceive and use e-learning in the future. Low technological efficacy individuals tend not to adopt new technology. Instead of changing individuals' personalities, organizations can implement supportive policies and practices which would lead to higher e-learning adoption rate among low efficacy individuals. Originality/value - The study integrates technology adoption and learning literatures in dev

关键词： E-learning satisfaction Technology adoption Authentic learning Openness to change Organizational support learning computer based learning

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The Importance of Vocabulary Conceptualization in Digital Dictionary Software Development

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Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 2013年 106卷 2855-2858页

作者： Gamze Sarmaşık Abur M. Volkan Coşkun Assist. Prof. Dr. Department of Computer Education & Instructional Technology Education Faculty Muğla UniversityTurkey Prof. Dr. Department of Turkish Education Education Faculty Muğla University Turkey

While the world is becoming global, one language is rapidly spreading all over the world. Determiners of the answers to these questions will be software engineers and software specialists working on language. If the specialists working on informatics are encouraged to work on language and effective software are developed in this field, then, mastering the mother tongue will be enough to be an effective citizen in the global world. If we look through the existing software, we can see that search engines on the internet are started to be designed to translate a text written in a foreign language into one's mother tongue. Moreover, the digital dictionaries on the internet are developing rapidly. However, in these dictionaries, the main focus is on the meanings of the words. But this is not enough and works should be performed on the conceptualization of the word. It is very common in our language for words to be used with their connotative meanings. Accordingly, dictionaries should help to sort out the main and connotative meanings of the words because languages were born out of the necessities to express the existence of objects. Moreover, there are dialectical differences among the speakers of the same language. Within the same nation, the same word may convey different meanings. Overlooking the cultural differences and using general words to express objects in one language will restrict the power of the language and make the communication superficial. Yet, the software engineers and specialists who will develop such software should be knowledgeable about the characteristics of our language. Therefore, software to be developed in the field of digital dictionary preparation should be projected and encouraged. In this paper, we want to draw the attention to the importance of informing software designers who will develop dictionary software to make translation from Turkish to Turkish or to another language about the conceptual meaning of the words apart from their meani

关键词： Digital Dictionary computer Assisted Language learning computer based learning

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