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Synthesis of computer programs that Implement Finite Automata

AUTOMATIC CONTROL AND computer SCIENCES 2007年第4期41卷 215-223页

作者： Cheremisinov, D. I. Natl Acad Sci Belarus United Inst Informat Problems Ul Surganov 6 Minsk 220012 BELARUS

The problem of constructing a computer program that implements finite automata is considered and possible methods of solution are discussed. The proposed method of synthesis is based on the use of the descriptive structure of an automaton. The approach is itself based on an interpretation of languages for the description of automata as programming languages. For this purpose, virtual machines of well-known automaton description languages are described. The advantage of the approach lies in the possibility for automation of the transformation: model-algorithm-program.

关键词： finite automaton computer program interpretation of languages for the description of automata

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computer program for determining fluorescence resonance energy transfer efficiency from flow cytometric data on a cell-by-cell basis

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computer METHODS AND programS IN BIOMEDICINE 2004年第3期75卷 201-211页

作者： Szentesi, G Horváth, G Bori, L Vámosi, G Szöllósi, J Gáspár, R Damjanovich, S Jenei, A Mátyus, L Univ Debrecen Med & Hlth Sci Ctr Res Ctr Mol Med Dept Biophys & Cell Biol H-4012 Debrecen Hungary Hungarian Acad Sci Cell Biophys Res Grp H-1051 Budapest Hungary

The determination of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) with flow cytometry (FCET) is one of the most efficient tools to study the proximity relationships of cell membrane components in cell populations on a cell-by-cell basis. Because of the high amount of data and the relatively tedious calculations, this procedure should be assisted by powerful data processing software. The currently available programs are not able to fulfill this requirement. We developed a Windows-based program to calculate fluorescence resonance energy transfer efficiency values from list mode flow cytometry standard (FCS) files. This program displays the measured data in standard plots by generating one- and two-parameter histograms on linear or logarithmic scales. A graphical gating tool allows the user to select the desired cell population according to any combination of the parameter values. The program performs several statistical calculations, including mean, S.D., percent of the gated data. We have implemented two types of data sheet for FRET calculations to aid and guide the user during the analysis: one with population- mean-based autofluorescence correction and the other with spectrum-based cell-by-cell autofluorescence correction. In this paper, we describe the gating algorithms, the file opening procedure and the rules of gating. The structure of the program and a short description of the graphical user-interface (GUI) are also presented in this article. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： flow cytometry fluorescence resonance energy transfer gating algorithm computer program

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A computer program to improve the efficiency and accuracy of postulating race-specific resistance genes

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PLANT DISEASE 2004年第5期88卷 545-549页

作者： Wamishe, YA Thompson, KC Milus, EA Univ Arkansas Dept Plant Pathol Fayetteville AR 72701 USA Univ Arkansas Agr Stat Lab Fayetteville AR 72701 USA

dGene postulation has been the most widely used technique to determine the presence of particular rust resistance genes in lines of small grains. It applies the principles of gene-for-gene specificity to determine the most probable race-specific resistance genes present in host lines. As the numbers of lines, resistance genes, and races increase, postulation based on visual comparisons of infection types becomes more complex and laborious, and errors may occur. A computer program was developed to facilitate identification of race-specific leaf rust (Lr) genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Seedlings of 116 contemporary lines of soft red winter wheat and 24 Thatcher isolines (each Thatcher isoline with a single Lr gene) were inoculated with 22 races of Puccinia triticina. Infection types were recorded on the standard 0 to 4 scale where infection types 3 and 4 were considered high (line was susceptible;race was virulent) and others were low (line was resistant;race was avirulent). Based on the gene-for-gene concept, lines susceptible to a particular race cannot have an Lr gene for which the race is avirulent. For each line, step I of the program summarized results from races that were virulent on the line to definitively exclude Lr genes from the line, and this exclusion resulted in a relatively short list of Lr genes that could be present. Step 2 of the program utilized data from races that were avirulent on the line, and the output listed the low infection types produced on the line and the isolines with Lr genes that were not excluded in step 1. Of these Lr genes, a gene was considered present if the low infection type produced on the line by one or more races matched the low infection type on the corresponding isoline. Otherwise, the gene was considered possibly present. Epistatic effects of one or more Lr genes prevented definitive inclusion or exclusion of genes considered possibly present. If the low infection type produced on the line was lower than that on all

关键词： .races accuracy Resistance genes red winter wheat rust resistance avirulent computer program triticina Puccinia gene-for-gene Leaf Rust Lr genes isolines infection types Race-Specific Gene postulation

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PREDICTOL®:: a computer program to determine the thermophysiological duration limited exposures in various climatic conditions

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computer METHODS AND programS IN BIOMEDICINE 2004年第3期76卷 221-228页

作者： Besnard, Y Launay, JC Guinet-Lebreton, A Savourey, G Ctr Rech Serv Sante Armees Dept Facteurs Humanins F-38702 La Tronche France

PREDICTOL(R) is a PC program used to determine the thermophysiological duration limited exposures (DLE) in humans, nude or clothed, submitted to various climatic conditions (hot and cold climates) at rest or during a physical exercise. DLE are determined following different standards of the International Standardization Organization (ISO), especially ISO 7933 for hot environment and ISO-TR 11079 for cold environment. The original aspect of this program is that it can be used whatever the climatic conditions. The program presents two modes: an educational interactive mode and a scenario mode. The educational interactive mode demonstrates the thermophysiological effects, expressed as DLE, of different parameter changes (temperature, humidity, wind speed, metabolic heat production by physical exercise, clothing insulation and water vapor permeability). The scenario mode determines DLE for given various linked sequences as encountered in occupational, military or even recreational activities, each sequence being characterized by its climatic conditions, physical activities performed and by physical clothing properties. DLE given by PREDICTOL(R) are correlated to those obtained in various controlled climatic laboratory conditions (r = 0.86;P < 0.001). PREDICTOL(R) is written in Visual Basic 6.0. A "help menu" is provided to explain the use of the program and give information concerning the equations used to calculate both the thermal balance and DLE. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Alt rights reserved.

关键词： duration limited exposure thermophysiology climatic conditions thermal human toterance computer program

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A computer program to calculate the size of tympanic membrane perforations

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CLINICAL OTOLARYNGOLOGY 2004年第4期29卷 340-342页

作者： Hsu, CY Chen, YS Hwang, JH Liu, TC Natl Taiwan Univ Hosp Dept Otolaryngol Taipei Taiwan Taipei Med Univ Grad Inst Med Informat Taipei Taiwan Pon Ai Hosp Dept Otolaryngol Ilan Taiwan

Chronic suppurative otitis media is characterized by the presence of a persistent perforation of the tympanic membrane. Accurate estimation of the perforation size is helpful in clinical management and research. In this study, a computer program was developed to calculate the percentage of a perforation relative to the whole tympanic membrane including the pars tensa and pars flaccida. In order to demonstrate the variability of estimations of perforation size by different surgeons, we calculated the percentage of perforation for four tympanic membranes, and compared the results with those estimated by five experienced otologists and 10 senior residents. The results show that the estimations from both otologists and residents departed from the values calculated by the computer program quite substantially. Beside, the variance of the estimation is large. However, the variances of computer calculation are quite small, which means that the results obtain from different users are quite consistent. Therefore, we concluded that this program is necessary and useful to evaluate the size of the perforation as the differences in visual estimations can be very big and the variances can be large for different individuals, even by experienced otologists.

关键词： chronic otitis media perforation size computer program

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OPENLAND3:: a computer program to estimate plant abundance around pollen sampling sites from vegetation maps:: a necessary step for calculation of pollen productivity estimates

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REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY 2004年第1-2期132卷 67-77页

作者： Eklöf, M Broström, A Gaillard, MJ Pilesjö, P Kalmar Univ Dept Biol & Environm Sci SE-39182 Kalmar Sweden Lund Univ GIS Ctr SE-22362 Lund Sweden Swedish Def Res Agcy Dept Syst Modelling SE-17290 Stockholm Sweden Lund Univ GepBiosphere Sci Ctr Quaternary Sci SE-22362 Lund Sweden Vaxjo Univ Div Biol Sch Biosci SE-35241 Vaxjo Sweden

OPENLAND3 belongs to a suite of computer programs included in the POLLSCAPE simulation model. These programs make it possible to calculate estimates of pollen loadings in lake basins or bogs using vegetation data. OPENLAND3, written in Visual Basic 6, is designed to produce appropriate vegetation data files from vegetation maps stored in a Geographical Information System. It calculates percentage cover of plant taxa in concentric circles at increasing distances from a central point, using either real digitised maps or hypothetical maps (simulated landscape designs). Such data are necessary for simulation of pollen dispersal and deposition, and for calculation of pollen productivity estimates and relevant source area of pollen using specific mathematical models developed by palynologists, such as the Prentice-Sugita model. OPENLAND3 also produces output files needed to run RS-OPEN, another program included in POLLSCAPE, in order to obtain estimates of pollen loadings in lakes or bogs. The rationale of OPENLAND3, the algorithm used, and a modification of RS-OPEN (RS-OPEN2) are described. A test of the programme capability using a detailed vegetation map from southern Sweden shows that simulations using OPENLAND3 produce coherent results. Pollen loading for species characterized by high pollen productivity is higher than for species with low pollen productivity. Altering the wind speed has also a significant effect on pollen loading. As wind speed increases, the proportions of the light pollen decrease, while the heavy pollen types increase, which is what empirical data suggest, and what the model predicts in earlier studies. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： quaternary palynology pollen dispersal and deposition pollen productivity vegetation reconstruction computer program POLLSCAPE

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Development of an educational computer program for the selection of cable and motor protection elements in hazardous atmospheres

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Institution of Mining and Metallurgy. Transactions. Section A: Mining Technology 2004年第4期113卷 A248-A250页

作者： Toraño, J. Menéndez, M. Rodríguez, R. School of Mines Oviedo University 33004 Oviedo Independencia 13 Spain

This paper summarises comprehensively how to select and calibrate the electrical protection systems installed in a hazardous area environment, a coal mining installation, and presents the way to use widely available programming tools, such as A1S Excel, to improve and speed-up this selection process. © 2004 Institute of Materials, Minerals ami Mining and Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy.

关键词： computer program Hazardous atmospheres Protection elements

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EFG Shield - A program for parsing and summarizing the results of electric field gradient and nuclear magnetic shielding tensor calculations

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CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE CHIMIE 2007年第7-8期85卷 496-505页

作者： Adiga, Samyuktha Aebi, Dominic Bryce, David L. Univ Ottawa Dept Chem Ctr Catalysis Res & Innovat Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada

A computer program (EFGShield) is described that simplifies and summarizes the output from electric field gradient (EFG) and nuclear magnetic shielding tensor calculations performed independently using existing quantum chemical software. In addition to summarizing tensor magnitudes according to conventions commonly used by solid-state NMR spectroscopists, the program provides Euler angles relating the orientations of the EFG and shielding tensor principal axis systems (PAS). An atomic coordinate file is generated that also contains dummy atoms representing the orientations of the EFG and shielding tensor PASs in the molecular framework. We demonstrate the functionality of the program using calculations of the chlorine EFG and shielding tensors for strontium chloride dihydrate and calcium chloride dihydrate. Several models of the chloride environment in these compounds are tested, including those where point charges are used to represent the extended three-dimensional lattices within the self-consistent charge field perturbation approach. The results highlight both the shortcomings and successes of traditional localized orbital-based basis sets in the description of the NMR properties of extended systems. We anticipate that EFGShield will be a useful tool for spectroscopists using quantum chemical software to aid in the interpretation of experimental data.

关键词： quantum chemical calculations computer program electric field gradient tensor quadrupolar coupling constant nuclear magnetic shielding tensor Euler angles alkaline earth chloride hydrates

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The effect of machine design parameters on the stability of a roadheader

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TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY 2007年第1期22卷 80-89页

作者： Ergin, H. Acaroglu, O. Istanbul Tech Univ Min Engn Dept TR-34469 Istanbul Turkey

A "roadheader" excavator has a special set of characteristics among tunnel excavation machines and the determination of the stability states of a roadheader is important for effective and continuous excavation. For roadheaders having equal power, if one is more stable than another, it can respond to higher boom forces. A new computer program was developed to analyze the stability states of roadheaders. The developed method allows analysis for both longitudinal and transverse cutting head type machines either at one point on the excavation face or in terms of the whole face. Values of the four stability states of the roadheader, namely: turning around the vertical axis, turning to the side directions, turning to the back direction and sliding, can be obtained using this program. In this study, the effects of machine design parameters were investigated by applying this method to the stability of a longitudinal type roadheader. The studied machine design parameters are the machine weight, boom length, machine width, track width;distance between the back leg of the machine and the center of gravity, distance between the start of the boom and the center of gravity, distance between the horizontal point and the vertical rotation point of the boom, and the distance between the ground and boom axis when it is parallel to the ground. The effect of the machine design parameters on stability has been illustrated in detail. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： roadheaders excavation machine design parameters stability analysis computer program

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Stiffness matrix structural analysis educational package by mathcad

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computer APPLICATIONS IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION 2007年第2期15卷 107-112页

作者： Cedeno-Rosete, R. Univ Americas Puebla Dept Civil Engn Cholula Mexico

This article presents an educational program designed to understand in a simple form, the stiffness structural analysis theory of two-dimensional framed structures. The program is written in spreadsheet form using the software Mathcad. Two examples are presented and they may be used as templates to solve different problems in which some interaction by the student is expected. This interaction contributes to the comprehension of the theory and helps the student to learn the theoretical basic concepts in less time. (C) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： matrix structural analysis frames education computer program Mathcad

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