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COMPUTATIONAL TECHNIQUES FOR STEREOGRAPHIC PROJECTION

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE 1984年第12期19卷 4106-4118页

作者： KOSEL, TH Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science University of Notre Dame 46556 Notre Dame Indiana USA

The geometrical analysis leading to equations which permit the interactive construction of general stereographic projections by means of a computer program compatible with modern microcomputers is given. The stereographic operations covered include the plotting of any pole or direction on a projection of any orientation, and the drawing of the great circle of the plane which is normal to this plane or direction. Other operations considered here are the indexing of any pole at locationx, y, the rotation of any one general pole about another, and the direct transfer of diffraction spots on a backreflection Laüe pattern to the stereographic projection using only thex, y coordinates of the Laüe spots. All of the above operations may be performed in any crystal system since simple equations are included for the calculation of the indices of a Cartesian vector normal to any (h k l) plane or parallel to any [u v w] direction in a general crystal. A description of a microcomputer program utilizing the expressions derived is given together with a few examples of graphical output from the program.

关键词： Polymer computer program Computational Technique Great Circle Simple Equation

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computerized DSS for evaluating design performance of residential buildings using additive weighting approach

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ARCHITECTURAL ENGINEERING AND DESIGN MANAGEMENT 2022年第5期18卷 631-651页

作者： Al-Saggaf, Abdullah Hegazy, Tarek Nasir, Hassan Taha, Mahmoud King Abdulaziz Univ Dept Civil Engn Jeddah Saudi Arabia Univ Waterloo Dept Civil & Environm Engn Waterloo ON Canada CECOS Univ IT & Emerging Sci Dept Civil Engn Peshawar Pakistan

Early architectural decisions have an enormous impact on the long-term performance of buildings. Evaluating architectural designs remains a subjective and biased process that varies from one person to another. Based on three questionnaires with 37 expert architects, seven Architectural Design Variables (ADVs) were identified, with a total of 40 design options that suit residential buildings. The experts defined the degree by which each ADV decision positively or negatively affect multiple life-cycle performance criteria: space functionality;construction time and cost;operational performance;and aesthetics. Based on that, this paper presents a novel Architectural Design Decision Support System (AD-DSS) to automatically evaluate and rank any combination of early design, using the Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. The AD-DSS can automatically evaluate any combination of architectural design in terms of overall performance or a specific aspect without subjective inputs. Besides, a simple-user program developed to facilitate multiple system functions. A case study of a residential building with five different design alternatives demonstrated the powerful ability of the AD-DSS to provide early decision advice in a systematic and informed way to project stakeholders.

关键词： Building design architectural variables design quality life-cycle performance residential buildings multi-criteria decision analysis decision support system computer program

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Efficient analysis of Py-GC/MS data by a large scale automatic database approach: An illustration of white pitch identification in pulp and paper industry

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JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS 2010年第1期87卷 85-92页

作者： Wenig, Philip Odermatt, Juergen Univ Hamburg Dept Wood Sci D-21031 Hamburg Germany

Hyphenated techniques like Py-GC/MS (pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry) result often in complex chromatograms containing a high information density. Extracting meaningful information is difficult and time consuming. Especially with automatic sampling, data evaluation becomes a major bottleneck. An effective approach to automate the characterization of chromatograms is presented. The database approach consists basically of three steps: measuring reference substances to generate a database, measuring unknown or difficult samples and using the database for the identification of these samples. The compiled database contains a collection of mass spectra of pyrolysis products with data such as retention index and additional information from which reference substances the pyrolysis products may derive. The developed database approach has been tested on designed mixtures of compounds forming "white pitch". "White pitch" is a typical type of deposit found in paper production processes deriving from chemicals used in coating processes. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deconvolution Database computer program Software Paper mill Wood White pitch Pyrolysis Gas chromatography Mass spectrometry Coating

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A computer STUDY FOR ESTIMATION OF SEASONAL ENERGY-CONSUMPTION AND SELECTION OF AIR-CONDITIONER IN 6 SAUDI ARABIAN CITIES

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ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT 1988年第1期28卷 27-33页

作者： BAHEL, V SRINIVASAN, R University of Petroleum & Minerals KFUPM Box 534 Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia

A computer model was developed to simulate the building cooling load and the seasonal energy consumption of standard residential sized central air-conditioning systems. The model was first validated by comparing the predicted cooling energy consumption against the metered energy of a 100 m 2 residence. The model predicts within 10% of the metered value. The validated model was next used to compute the cooling load and seasonal energy consumption for similar 100 m 2 residences in six cities located in different climatic zones of Saudi Arabia. Simulations showed that the cities of Dhahran and Riyadh required a 17.6 kW system to satisfy the cooling load through the year, whereas the defined residences in the cities of Taif, Hail, Jeddah and Gizan required a 14.1 kW system. Our analysis showed that the selected residence in Gizan would consume 23,100 kWh annually, while a comparable residence located in Dhahran, having a more severe summer, required only 21,500 kWh. This difference may be explained by analysis of the weather data which revealed that Gizan required year-round cooling, whereas Dhahran needed cooling for only 283 days during the year. Investigation showed that, by selecting the next smaller capacity air-conditioning unit for each location than required to satisfy the load for 100% of the time, the annual power consumption may be reduced, on an average, by 10%, with about 7% of the hours during the cooling season when the air-conditioning load may not be satisfied.

关键词： Air-conditioning computer program Performance Energy consumption Energy conservation

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Estimation of body fat from skinfold thickness

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computer METHODS AND programS IN BIOMEDICINE 2001年第3期65卷 201-206页

作者： Aboul-Seoud, MA Aboul-Seoud, AL Fac Med Dept Internal Med Endocrine Unit Alexandria Egypt Fac Engn Alexandria Egypt

The fat content of the human body has physiological and medical importance. It may influence morbidity and mortality, it may affect the ability to withstand exposure to cold and starvation, and it may alter the effectiveness of drugs and anaesthetics. It may also be the cause of reduced insulin sensitivity in some population groups. Thus, the measurement of the total body fat provides useful information. A computer program, written in quick basic language, was developed, to compute the equivalent fat content, as a percentage of body-weight, for a range of values for the sum of the four skinfolds, of Egyptian males and females of different ages. This is based on a table developed by Durnin and Womersley. The computer program was run using skinfolds of Egyptian males and females of different ages. Satisfactory results were obtained. This program can be used to calculate the total body fat with relative ease and reasonable accuracy. This should make it of common use in many fields of medicine, physiology, nutrition and anthropology, particularly in population studies comprising a large number of subjects. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： body fat content anthropometric measurements skinfold thickness computer program

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LOWRY - A SIMPLE BASIC program FOR THE ANALYSIS OF PROTEIN ASSAYS OVER A WIDE-RANGE OF CONCENTRATIONS

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computer METHODS AND programS IN BIOMEDICINE 1990年第3-4期31卷 237-242页

作者： GRANT, KI UNIV CAPE TOWN SCH MEDDEPT MED BIOCHEMMRC CELL BIOL ATHEROSCLEROSIS RES UNIT CAPE TOWN 7625 SOUTH AFRICA

Lowry is a computer program, written in BASIC for the IBM-PC, to fit a non-linear curve to Folin-Lowry protein assay data by iterative least-squares analysis. This allows accurate interpolation of sample data over a wide range of protein concentrations. The program is designed for routine use with user-friendly menus and help screens.

关键词： LOWRY protein assay computer program Non-linear regression

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Stereospecific assignments of protein NMR resonances based on the tertiary structure and 2D/3D NOE data

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JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2006年第6期27卷 791-797页

作者： Pristovsek, P Franzoni, L Natl Inst Chem Biotechnol Lab S-1001 Ljubljana Slovenia Univ Parma Dept Expt Med Sect Chem & Struct Biochem I-43100 Parma Italy

In many cases of protein structure determination by NMR a high-quality structure is required. An important contribution to structural precision is stereospecific assignment of magnetically nonequivalent prochiral methylene and methyl groups, eliminating the need for introducing pseudoatoms and pseudoatom corrections in distance restraint lists. Here, we introduce the stereospecific assignment program that uses the resonance assignment, a preliminary 3D structure and 2D and/or 3D nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy peak lists for stereospecific assignment. For each prochiral group the algorithm automatically calculates a score for the two different stereospecific assignment possibilities, taking into account the presence and intensity of the nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) peaks that are expected from the local environment of each prochiral group (i.e., the close neighbors). The performance of the algorithm has been tested and used on NMR data of a-helical and P-sheet proteins using homology models and/or X-ray structures. The program produced no erroneus stereospecific assignments provided the NOEs were carefully picked and the 3D model was sufficiently accurate. The set of NOE distance restraints produced by nmr2st using the results of the SSA module was superior in generating good-quality ensembles of NMR structures (low deviations from upper limits in conjunction with low root-mean-square-deviation values) in the first round of structure calculations. The program uses a novel approach that employs the entire 3D structure of the protein to obtain stereospecific assignment;it can be used to speed up the NMR structure refinement and to increase the quality of the final NMR ensemble even when no scalar or residual dipolar coupling information is available. (c) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： NMR automatic NOESY assignment stereospecific assignment protein structure computer program

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The influence of gear hobbing on worm gear characteristics

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JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME 2007年第5期129卷 919-925页

作者： Simon, Vilmos Budapest Univ Technol & Econ Fac Mech Engn Dept Machine Elements Inst Machine Design H-1111 Budapest Hungary

In this paper a method is presented for the determination of the differences between the worm gear tooth surface processed by an oversized hob of finite number of teeth or by a flying tool, and the theoretically required gear tooth surface. The influence of hob oversize and machine tool settings on tooth contact pressure and transmission errors is determined. The full geometry and kinematics of gear tooth processing by an oversized hob or by a flying tool is included. The theoretical background is implemented by a computer program. By using this program, the influence of relevant design parameters of the worm gear set and the hob and of machine tool settings on processed gear tooth errors and on loaded tooth contact of the worm gear pair is investigated and discussed.

关键词： cylindrical worm gear hobbing precision load distribution transmission errors computer program

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EMULATING RANDOM PROCESS TARGET STATISTICS (USING MSF)

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS 1994年第2期30卷 556-577页

作者： KERR, TH TeK Associates Lexington MA USA

The topics of matrix spectral factorization (MSF) in conjunction with results from realization theory are applied here in simulating a stationary multi-input/multi-output (MIMO) linear system from a specified power spectral density matrix. MSF provides the appropriate transfer function matrix and Realization Theory specifies the corresponding parameters of a linear system having this transfer function. This approach can be used to correctly capture the cross correlations that exist in a multichannel vector random process (representing a particular radar target signature). Aspects of the solution to this problem are illustrated using an original representative example problem with a closed-form answer. Existing software programs for accomplishing MSF are identified and one has been successfully validated using the known closed-form solution mentioned above. A streamlined realization algorithm (offered here as the primary theoretical contribution) can be used along with the MSF computer program and can now be applied to actual radar data. Besides multichannel spectral estimation, several other important applications (some old, some new) of this same MSF solution methodology are summarized in Appendix B including extending applicability to the complex case (to handle radar polarization issues related to coherent phase processing), and finally in reexpressing second order statistics of a multichannel autoregressive moving average (ARMA) process as those of a simpler but mathematically equivalent autoregressive (AR) process of slightly higher dimensions (as another original application of the same major result offered here).

关键词： correlation methods matrix algebra random processes signal detection signal processing statistical analysis MIMO closed-form solution coherent phase processing computer program cross correlations linear system matrix spectral factorization multichannel a Cross correlation signal acquisition multiple input multiple output systems computer programs signal processing Statistical analysis Statistical methods autoregressive moving average processes mass storage facility Linear system Stochastic Processes matrix algebra Closed-form solutions correlation methods radar data

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Statistics for a composite distribution in anthropometric studies

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ERGONOMICS 1997年第2期40卷 189-198页

作者： AlHaboubi, MH King Fahd Univ for Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia

It is a fact that in many countries around the world an international community coexists in a certain country either because of business contracts, such as developing countries (e.g. Saudi Arabia), or due to massive immigration to industrialized countries (e.g. United States). The mixed body of various origins live together and share the same work places. In anthropometric designs, care should be taken to accommodate the user population. When anthropometric statistics and distributions are available for the individual nationals there will not be a need to reinvent the wheel. This study demonstrates a technique to pool the available anthropometric information and use this for designs for the composite population. An algorithm is developed to find pertinent statistics such as the mean, the standard deviation and some percentiles. Formula derivation is possible for the mean and the standard deviation, but because of the complexity of the composite distribution, the percentiles are found by numerical integration. A computer program is prepared to compute these statistics.

关键词： anthropometrics composite distribution statistics computer program

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