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METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE AFFINITY OF MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY USING NONCOMPETITIVE ELISA - A computer-program

JOURNAL OF IMMUNOASSAY 1994年第2期15卷 115-128页

作者： RAGHAVA, GPS AGREWALA, JN [a]Institute of Microbial Technology Post Box No. 1304 Sector 39A Chandigarh 160 014 India

A simple and reliable method based upon law of mass action for calculating: affinity of a monoclonal antibody using: non-competitive ELISA, is described. In this method, the binding of an antibody (Ab) with an antigen (Ag) is measured by ELISA using serial dilutions of both antigen (coated on the plate) as well as antibody. When the OD measured after the antigen antibody interaction was plotted against the concentration of Ab, added to the wells, a hyperbolic curve was obtained. The OD, at any point of the curve, was considered as a direct reflection of the amount of antibody bound to the antigen. The OD-100 denotes the occupancy of maximum no, of epitopes available on the antigen molecules, accessible to the antigen. The concentration of antibody (Ab, Ab') at corresponding levels of antigen concentration (Ag, Ag'), presents the value obtained at OD-50. The [Ag] and [Ag'] are not the true antigen concentrations but are the measurement of antigen density on the plate. The affinity constant K-aff was calculated by using the formula K-aff = (n - 1)/2(n[Ab'] - [Ab]), derived from law of mass action, where n = [Ag]/[Ag']. A computer program to calculate the affinity of antibody to the antigen using method described in this manuscript has been developed and discussed.

关键词： AFFINITY CONSTANT MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY NONCOMPETITIVE ELISA computer program

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The cogeneration power-desalting plant with combined cycle: a computer program

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DESALINATION 2000年第1期127卷 27-45页

作者： Darwish, MA Kuwait Univ Coll Engn & Petr Dept Mech & Ind Engn Safat 13060 Kuwait

Recent developments in gas turbines encourage their use in utility power generation in many parts in the world. The addition of a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) to a gas turbine to utilize its waste heat finds good application in many of the Arabian Gulf countries to desalt seawater from the steam generated by the HRSG. Also the addition of a steam turbine to utilize this steam, to form what is called a combined power cycle, greatly increases the efficiency of power generation. The use of a combined cycle as a cogeneration power-desalting plant looks very attractive as it saves fuel in producing both electric power and desalted water.

关键词： cogeneration computer program power desalting plant

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A computer program for monitoring and controlling ultrasonic anemometers for aerodynamic measurements in animal buildings

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computerS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE 2011年第1期79卷 1-12页

作者： Samer, M. Loebsin, C. von Bobrutzki, K. Fiedler, M. Ammon, C. Berg, W. Sanftleben, P. Brunsch, R. Leibniz Inst Agr Engn Potsdam Bornim ATB Dept Engn Livestock Management D-14469 Potsdam Brandenburg Germany State Inst Agr & Fishery MV Inst Anim Prod D-18196 Dummerstorf Germany Cairo Univ Fac Agr Dept Agr Engn Giza 12613 Egypt

Ultrasonic anemometers (USAs) are widely implemented in animal housing to measure the air velocity in different measuring points throughout the whole barn, which ultimately leads to determine the velocity fields and the air flow patterns drawing a clear vision of aerodynamics inside animal buildings. The problem is the timely inconsistent data transmission from the different USAs leading to varied data recording, which makes the comparison between the recorded velocities in different points timely inappropriate. One key issue is to monitor and control the USAs, meanwhile, debug and record the data. Therefore, LabVIEW 8.5, which is a platform and development environment for a visual programming language, was used to configure a computer program to monitor and control the USAs. The principal functions of the system are represented in a main block diagram which consists of 39 sub-diagrams. Five versions of the program were consecutively developed, and then each version was validated and further developed to get the next enhanced version, and so on till Version 5.0. The evaluation and data recording are carried out simultaneously, where the data are transferred from the USAs to the program which detects accidental errors that may have been introduced during data transmission or storage using a checksum algorithm. The developed computer program has been implemented successfully for monitoring and controlling USAs used for carrying out air velocity measurements in livestock housing. Three measurements campaigns were performed to investigate the air profile inside a dairy barn under two conditions, which are "ceiling fans on" and "ceiling fans off", where the average air velocities were 0.98 and 0.59 m s(-1), respectively. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： computer program Aerodynamics Air profile Airflow Ultrasonic anemometer Precision livestock farming

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QuadFit-A new cross-platform computer program for simulation of NMR line shapes from solids with distributions of interaction parameters

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SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2009年第4期35卷 243-252页

作者： Kemp, T. F. Smith, M. E. Univ Warwick Dept Phys Coventry CV4 7AL W Midlands England

A new Java computer program called QuadFit has been written to simulate NMR line shapes from solid materials. The program takes into account the major interactions, with a key feature that distributions of isotropic chemical shift and quadrupolar interaction parameters can be calculated, which are often encountered in amorphous and disordered materials. The quadrupolar interaction can be simulated for all the transitions for both half-integer and integer spins. The utility of the program is demonstrated with examples of Al-27 (nuclear spin I = 5/2) in an atomically disordered aluminoborate mullite, Cu-65 (I = 3/2) in CuInSe2 and B-10 (I = 3) in amorphous B2O3. The program has good cross-platform compatibility and is written for high stability. The program has been designed with an easy to use graphical interface. It can be run efficiently on any reasonably powerful PC and is freely available from the Warwick website (http://***/quadfit). (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： NMR line shape simulation computer program Interaction distribution Amorphous materials

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A computer program to estimate the parameters of covariate dependent higher order Markov model

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computer METHODS AND programS IN BIOMEDICINE 2005年第2期77卷 175-181页

作者： Chowdhury, RI Islam, MA Shah, MA Al-Enezi, N Kuwait Univ Dept Hlth Informat Adm Sulibikhat 90805 Kuwait King Saud Univ Coll Sci Dept Stat & OR Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia

This paper presents a computer program developed in S-plus to estimate the parameters of covariate dependent higher order Markov Chain and related tests. The program can be applied for two states Markov Chain with any order and any number of covariates depending on the PC capabilities. The program provides the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters, together with their estimated standard error, t-value and significance level. It also produces the test results for likelihood ratio and model chi-square. To illustrate the program we have used a longitudinal data set on maternal morbidity of rural women in Bangladesh. The occurrences of haemorrhage, convulsion, or fits at different follow-ups were used as outcome variable. Economic status, wanted pregnancy, ages at marriage, and education of women were used as covariates. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： longitudinal data covariate dependent higher order Markov model S-plus computer program

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A computer program to improve the efficiency and accuracy of postulating race-specific resistance genes

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PLANT DISEASE 2004年第5期88卷 545-549页

作者： Wamishe, YA Thompson, KC Milus, EA Univ Arkansas Dept Plant Pathol Fayetteville AR 72701 USA Univ Arkansas Agr Stat Lab Fayetteville AR 72701 USA

dGene postulation has been the most widely used technique to determine the presence of particular rust resistance genes in lines of small grains. It applies the principles of gene-for-gene specificity to determine the most probable race-specific resistance genes present in host lines. As the numbers of lines, resistance genes, and races increase, postulation based on visual comparisons of infection types becomes more complex and laborious, and errors may occur. A computer program was developed to facilitate identification of race-specific leaf rust (Lr) genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Seedlings of 116 contemporary lines of soft red winter wheat and 24 Thatcher isolines (each Thatcher isoline with a single Lr gene) were inoculated with 22 races of Puccinia triticina. Infection types were recorded on the standard 0 to 4 scale where infection types 3 and 4 were considered high (line was susceptible;race was virulent) and others were low (line was resistant;race was avirulent). Based on the gene-for-gene concept, lines susceptible to a particular race cannot have an Lr gene for which the race is avirulent. For each line, step I of the program summarized results from races that were virulent on the line to definitively exclude Lr genes from the line, and this exclusion resulted in a relatively short list of Lr genes that could be present. Step 2 of the program utilized data from races that were avirulent on the line, and the output listed the low infection types produced on the line and the isolines with Lr genes that were not excluded in step 1. Of these Lr genes, a gene was considered present if the low infection type produced on the line by one or more races matched the low infection type on the corresponding isoline. Otherwise, the gene was considered possibly present. Epistatic effects of one or more Lr genes prevented definitive inclusion or exclusion of genes considered possibly present. If the low infection type produced on the line was lower than that on all

关键词： .races accuracy Resistance genes red winter wheat rust resistance avirulent computer program triticina Puccinia gene-for-gene Leaf Rust Lr genes isolines infection types Race-Specific Gene postulation

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PROLIF - A computer-program FOR CALCULATION AND COMPARISON OF CULTURED LYMPHOCYTE-PROLIFERATION

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computer METHODS AND programS IN BIOMEDICINE 1986年第1期23卷 31-36页

作者： MARDER, P Department of Immunology Research Lilly Research Laboratories Indianapolis IN 46285 U.S.A.

A computer program which expedites the quantitation and comparison of cultured lymphocyte proliferative responses is described. The program, entitled PROLIF, is written in VAX BASIC and computes this in vitro activity by collating and reducing radioactive count data obtained from tritiated-thymidine incorporation studies. The report generated by this program includes descriptive statistics such as the mean, percentage change from control and t-test probability. Special program features allow for flexibility in experimental protocol design, user-defined default program options, and automatic result storage on disk for subsequent archiving purposes.

关键词： Lymphocyte proliferation computer program Thymidine incorporation VAX BASIC Immunomodulation Microculture Blastogenesis

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A computer program for the simulation of fiber deposition in the human respiratory tract

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computerS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2006年第11期36卷 1252-1267页

作者： Sturm, Robert Hofmann, Werner Salzburg Univ Dept Mol Biol Div Phys & Biophys A-5020 Salzburg Austria

As inhaled fibers may lead to a variety of lung diseases, detailed information on their deposition in the human respiratory tract is an indispensable requirement in medical science. In the work presented here, a Visual Basic (R) computer program, termed FIBROS, is described which enables the simulation of fibrous particle deposition in both the extrathoracic region and different parts of the lung itself, including the results of published numerical studies on inertial/interceptional as well as diffusional. and gravitational deposition. The input window of FIBROS includes the selection of specific breathing conditions by variation of the tidal volume and breathing cycle. Furthermore, the user is able to determine fiber properties such as diameter, aspect ratio, specific weight, and fiber orientation with respect to the air stream in the upper and lower airways of the lungs. Besides the offer of various deposition formulae for each region of the respiratory tract, thereby also allowing a distinction between mouth and nose breathing, the user may select between different morphometric datasets of the lung and respective airway scaling procedures. Analysis routines of FIBROS include the estimation of regional deposition fractions, thereby distinguishing between extrathoracic, bronchial, and acinar compartments, and a calculation of generation-by-generation deposition probabilities within tubular and alveolar structures. Preliminary results presented here should demonstrate the effects on fiber deposition due to variations of the breathing behaviour and the particle properties. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： fiber inertial impaction interception gravitational settling human respiratory tract computer program Visual Basics (R)

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A simple computer program for microwave radio link performance analysis

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ANNALES DES TELECOMMUNICATIONS-ANNALS OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS 2005年第9-10期60卷 1219-1230页

作者： Can, M Serbest, AH Cukurova Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn TR-01330 Adana Turkey Telsim Mobile Telecommun Adana Turkey

A simple computer program is developed for system power budget analysis of microwave radio links. As known, such an analysis is very important in radio link network planning and optimization of the existing transmission networks. The performance of the program developed in this study is tested by applying it to Adana region and by comparing with measurement results.

关键词： radiocommunication microwave system performance numerical simulation power budget computer program

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PREDICTOL®:: a computer program to determine the thermophysiological duration limited exposures in various climatic conditions

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computer METHODS AND programS IN BIOMEDICINE 2004年第3期76卷 221-228页

作者： Besnard, Y Launay, JC Guinet-Lebreton, A Savourey, G Ctr Rech Serv Sante Armees Dept Facteurs Humanins F-38702 La Tronche France

PREDICTOL(R) is a PC program used to determine the thermophysiological duration limited exposures (DLE) in humans, nude or clothed, submitted to various climatic conditions (hot and cold climates) at rest or during a physical exercise. DLE are determined following different standards of the International Standardization Organization (ISO), especially ISO 7933 for hot environment and ISO-TR 11079 for cold environment. The original aspect of this program is that it can be used whatever the climatic conditions. The program presents two modes: an educational interactive mode and a scenario mode. The educational interactive mode demonstrates the thermophysiological effects, expressed as DLE, of different parameter changes (temperature, humidity, wind speed, metabolic heat production by physical exercise, clothing insulation and water vapor permeability). The scenario mode determines DLE for given various linked sequences as encountered in occupational, military or even recreational activities, each sequence being characterized by its climatic conditions, physical activities performed and by physical clothing properties. DLE given by PREDICTOL(R) are correlated to those obtained in various controlled climatic laboratory conditions (r = 0.86;P < 0.001). PREDICTOL(R) is written in Visual Basic 6.0. A "help menu" is provided to explain the use of the program and give information concerning the equations used to calculate both the thermal balance and DLE. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Alt rights reserved.

关键词： duration limited exposure thermophysiology climatic conditions thermal human toterance computer program

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