To assist the design engineer to more flexible and controllable, near optimum cost, heat exchanger networks, a computer program, called CAD-HEN (computer Aided Design of Heat Exchanger Networks), based on thermodynami...
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To assist the design engineer to more flexible and controllable, near optimum cost, heat exchanger networks, a computer program, called CAD-HEN (computer Aided Design of Heat Exchanger Networks), based on thermodynamic principles, was developed. Dynamic simulation and response analysis of the heat exchanger network can be done by the SpeedUp dynamic process simulator by using a specific model. CAD-HEN handles supertargeting, synthesis, and optimization of a heat exchanger network. The targeting and optimization procedures are graphical and interactive. The user views various plots, such as Total Cost Target profile and Grand Composite Curves. An automatic synthesis algorithm, based on the vertical heat transfer model is used to generate in the stream grid environment a near minimum surface network which is optimized with a simplified loop breaking algorithm. A specific model for SpeedUp was developed in order to proceed at dynamic simulation and detailed control study of an existing heat exchanger network.
A computer program for the graphic representation of regression curves from two-dimesional data is presented. The program, written in BASIC, performs the fit and the graphic display of linear, exponential, geometric a...
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A computer program for the graphic representation of regression curves from two-dimesional data is presented. The program, written in BASIC, performs the fit and the graphic display of linear, exponential, geometric and polynomial curves. The program also performs mathematical manipulations of data producing graphic displays from the transformed data, as well as the calculation of several statistics (coefficient of correlation, coefficient of determination, sum of squares of the deviations and standard error of the estimate) for the different regression curves.
This work presents a computation method to evaluate the life expectance of cells in space. The effects of the radiation environment are taken into account as a reduction of carrier lifetime. This reduction is calculat...
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This work presents a computation method to evaluate the life expectance of cells in space. The effects of the radiation environment are taken into account as a reduction of carrier lifetime. This reduction is calculated for each particle type as a function of the incident energy and the traveled depth inside the cell. Afterwards the calculated lifetimes are supplied to the PC-1D in order to obtain the electrical characteristics of the cell. The method allows one to calculate the equivalent damage relative to 1 MeV electrons of the different particles in the space environment. But its main feature lies in the direct calculation of the cell degradation by adding the contribution to lifetime reduction of each particle type. Results on efficiency degradation versus time in a circular orbit of 4630 km and 90-degrees inclination are shown for different cover glass thicknesses.
In performing statistical evaluations of concentration-response relationships in pharmacological studies, all the commercially available statistical packages assume each data point is an independent measure of the dru...
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In performing statistical evaluations of concentration-response relationships in pharmacological studies, all the commercially available statistical packages assume each data point is an independent measure of the drug response, and do not account for the dependence between the multiple measurements taken from the same subject (tissue, animal, or sample). Seemingly unrelated nonlinear regression (SUNR) is a statistical technique that takes into account both within- and between-subject variance. This technique has been implemented in an SAS-based interactive program called SUNR. The statistical analyses are based upon the original work by Gallant (Gallant, 1975, J Econometrics 3:35-50;Gallant and Goebel, 1976, JASA 71:961-967), which has been further developed by Muller and Helms (1984) (Presented at ASA meeting in Washington, D.C.). To test this program, we have analyzed both simulated and actual data with SUNR, comparing our results to those of several popular statistical programs. All the programs yielded essentially the same estimates for the EC50, minimum and maximum response in both the simulated and experimental data sets. However, our results differed markedly from the commercial packages in the estimates of standard errors and confidence limits. The most obvious differences were found in standard errors associated with the estimated maxima. When analyzing simulated data, which were far less noisy than the experimental data, differences between the analyses were minimal. However, in the analyses of experimental data, the standard errors calculated by the commercial programs appear to significantly underestimate the standard error. Using SUNR, however, the 95% confidence limits on the maxima are markedly wider, and, importantly, always cover the observed actual data range.
This paper deals with the details of an interactive computer programme developed to analyse the soil test data obtained from field and laboratory and to recommend a foundation design. The input parameters required and...
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This paper deals with the details of an interactive computer programme developed to analyse the soil test data obtained from field and laboratory and to recommend a foundation design. The input parameters required and sequence of execution is explained and presented pictorially with the help of flowcharts. The use of the programme is explained. Further developments of the programme are proposed.
Using principal component analysis and geostatistics, the authors have reexamined the results of a study of chlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans in Hamburg (Germany) Harbor sediments. These methods identified ...
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Using principal component analysis and geostatistics, the authors have reexamined the results of a study of chlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans in Hamburg (Germany) Harbor sediments. These methods identified the same anomalous samples as the original study, but without recourse to the more difficultly obtained isomer-specific chemical analyses. In addition, they revealed in the remaining data a trend highly suggestive of two spatially and chemically discrete sources for nearly all (>90%) of the subject compounds found in the study, once again using no isomer-specific data. All of the above was done with readily available, public-domain software.
A previously published model based on Vanderplank's progeny/parent ratio equation was tested using "Epiphyt", its implementation on a microcomputer, with four sets of published epidemiological data and o...
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A previously published model based on Vanderplank's progeny/parent ratio equation was tested using "Epiphyt", its implementation on a microcomputer, with four sets of published epidemiological data and one set of data collected in a vineyard in Switzerland. The epidemics tested were of the diseases stripe rust and Septoria leaf blotch on wheat, apple scab, and downy and powdery mildew on grapes. The disease progress curves simulated by the model reflected the epidemics in their most important stages except for the termination phase of each epidemic. Advantages of such a model based solely on the parameters initial inoculum, daily progeny/parent ratio and length of latent period, are discussed.
New data obtained from treating Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) with a non-moving cw- 10 watt-CO2 laserbeam focused at 2.5", 5", 7.5" and 15.75" are presented. The final equations R(t(e)) and Z(t(e))...
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New data obtained from treating Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) with a non-moving cw- 10 watt-CO2 laserbeam focused at 2.5", 5", 7.5" and 15.75" are presented. The final equations R(t(e)) and Z(t(e)) for each focal length are proposed. A very interesting correlation between the focal lengths in use and the integrated values of R and Z between 0 and 2 sec has been identified and discussed. This result has been used as basis to define a convenient operative protocol to follow during the planning phase of critical osteotomies or bone cement removal operations using a continuous-wave CO2 laserbeam set to any output power and focused by a set of most common, moving or non-moving focal lengths placed on the operating area. With a simple equation, it is possible to compare craters obtained with moving and non-moving laserbeams at different operative conditions between 0 and 2 sec, time interval which covers the majority of cases. A value of 2.3 +/- 0.1 between ablated volumes of PMMA and bone tissue has been identified. Several case studies regarding orthopaedic procedures from Literature are here reported and compared to the present LCA* model. The computerized on-line flow of information for the laserbeam optimization and safety control is also described. Finally, a method for the simultaneous data collection from several operating rooms via a Local Area Network (LAN - Industry Standard IEEE) onto a central data base for later consultation is proposed in its general design.
The probability of a gene being intact in a DNA library is derived theoretically assuming that the number of clones containing the whole gene has a Poisson distribution, and a computer program to calculate this probab...
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The probability of a gene being intact in a DNA library is derived theoretically assuming that the number of clones containing the whole gene has a Poisson distribution, and a computer program to calculate this probability is presented. The program, written in BASIC, calculates (a) the probability of a gene being intact in one or more of a given number of clones, (b) the number of clones a gene library should contain for there to be a given probability of the gene being intact in some clone, and (c) the probability of the DNA sequence of the gene being present in the library (albeit in fragmented form);it also displays a graph of the probability distribution of the number of clones harboring the gene intact.
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