Aim To evaluate the usability and reliability of three different visual acuity (VA) testing procedures using Landolt C's in 8 positions with a semi-automated computer program in school children. Methods 100 school...
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Aim To evaluate the usability and reliability of three different visual acuity (VA) testing procedures using Landolt C's in 8 positions with a semi-automated computer program in school children. Methods 100 school children (median 7 years, 59 boys and 41 girls) were included;only the better eye was tested. We used the semi-automated computer program CORVIS (R). VT in a forced choice method. Three different test strategies were employed, each two times: A) DIN, B) Standard-Staircase and C) Best-PEST procedure with sequences A, B, C or A, C, B. Results Average testing time was 100s +/- 45 (DIN), 59s +/- 36 (Staircase) and 77s +/- 25 (Best-PEST). The mean VA estimated with DIN was equivalent to that with the Best-PEST procedure. However, the mean VA with Standard-Staircase was one line less. In DIN, 76% of the retest scores were within 0.1 logMAR unit of the initial test score (Staircase: 72%, Best-PEST 73%). The 95% confidence interval of test-retest reliability was calculated to be -0.05 +/- 0.24 logMAR in DIN, +0.02 +/- 0.32 logMAR in Staircase, and 0.00 +/- 0.29 logMAR in Best-PEST. Conclusion A high percentage of children aged 6 to 9 years (98%) can be tested with Landolt C's (8 positions). We found a decreasing test-retest reliability starting from DIN via Best-PEST to Staircase in this configuration.
A study was designed to know the effect of using a computer as a new way to learn some judo skills to players with hearing difficulty who suffer from loneliness. This research has been applied on young students, aged ...
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A study was designed to know the effect of using a computer as a new way to learn some judo skills to players with hearing difficulty who suffer from loneliness. This research has been applied on young students, aged 13-15 years from the deaf and dump school Zagzig city. The Researcher adapted the experimental method for two groups which have been divided into a study group and a control group using previously and later measurements for both groups. The researcher used Bortious intelligent measure that has a scale to estimate loneliness. The educational computer program was found to have a positive effect on learning judo skills to players with hearing difficulty who suffer from loneliness.
The present study aimed to compare the picture quality and color accuracy of three cameras, namely, Point and shoot, DSLR and mobile cameras, and determine the most suitable camera for dental photography (intra-orally...
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The present study aimed to compare the picture quality and color accuracy of three cameras, namely, Point and shoot, DSLR and mobile cameras, and determine the most suitable camera for dental photography (intra-orally and for casts). A computer program, namely, NRM (No-Reference matrix BRISQUE), was used to evaluate the quality of the photos taken by three cameras. Further, color accuracy was determined by computation of total color difference (Delta E) by identifying the L*a*b* values. The ANOVA (Kruskal-Wallis) analysis was done to assess the difference in the quality of cast photos, and it showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the cameras. The post hoc analysis showed the NRM value of Point and shoot (18.93 +/- 2.04) better than the Mobile phone (20.59 +/- 2.65). However, no statistically significant difference was obtained while assessing the picture quality of the intraoral photographs using One-Way ANOVA (Fisher's) (P = 0.05). Evaluation of total color difference (Delta E) showed fewer differences between the DSLR and the Point and shoot than the mobile camera. There was no statistically significant difference in Delta E value in the participant photographs. The L in the LAB values of both the cast and the participant photograph showed a similar result, with the mobile phone showing a lighter value than the other two cameras. The B value in the participant photos showed a significant difference between the mobile and the Point and shoot cameras. The quality of Point and shoot, DSLR, and mobile cameras were equally good for taking pictures of any external surface, but the mobile camera offered more brightness and appeared more yellow. On the other hand, the quality was similar for intraoral images with mobile and Point and shoot cameras, although color accuracy was better with Point and shoot and DSLR cameras.
This paper proposes to use eye movements to characterize the performance of individuals in reviewing source code of computer programs. We first present an integrated environment to measure and record the eye movements...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781595933058
This paper proposes to use eye movements to characterize the performance of individuals in reviewing source code of computer programs. We first present an integrated environment to measure and record the eye movements of the code reviewers. Based on the fixation data, the environment computes the line number of the source code that the reviewer is currently looking at. The environment can also record and play back how the eyes moved during the review process. We conducted an experiment to analyze 30 review processes (6 programs, 5 subjects) using the environment. As a result, we have identified a particular pattern, called scan, in the subjects' eye movements. Quantitative analysis showed that reviewers who did not spend enough time for the scan tend to take more time for finding defects.
In this article the learning of color will be described by presenting concrete illustrations of art problems, which pupils are solving by reproductions of art masterpieces. The reproductions are examples from the teac...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789532330984
In this article the learning of color will be described by presenting concrete illustrations of art problems, which pupils are solving by reproductions of art masterpieces. The reproductions are examples from the teaching program for the subject visual art in primary schools from the 5th to 8th grade. After the theoretical part of the learning of color, the use of a database of art reproductions for pupils and teachers will be elaborated as an useful application in practice. For this purpose examples of paintings are stored in an original computer program previously developed by the authors.
The lognormal distribution has a number of properties that do not lend themselves to simple “back-of-the-envelope” calculations. Mathematical relationships are presented for the basic parameters of the large populat...
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The lognormal distribution has a number of properties that do not lend themselves to simple “back-of-the-envelope” calculations. Mathematical relationships are presented for the basic parameters of the large population lognormal distribution as a function of characteristics available to, or needed by, the risk analyst. A freeware computer program called LOGNORM4 has been written to take the tedium out of determining various characteristics of lognormal distributions, given 1 of 15 sets of values that uniquely specify a lognormal distribution.
El objetivo de este artículo es describir un programa informático realizado con el propósito de facilitar el aprendizaje del código dactilológico. Este programa debe entenderse en el contexto ...
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El objetivo de este artículo es describir un programa informático realizado con el propósito de facilitar el aprendizaje del código dactilológico. Este programa debe entenderse en el contexto más general de proporcionar ayudas técnicas a las personas discapacitadas, así como a aquellas que se relacionan con ellas de manera directa, bien sea en contextos escolares, familiares o ***, en primer lugar, una breve referencia al código dactilológico y su lugar en la comunicación entre personas con discapacidad auditiva, y en segundo lugar, una presentación del programa informá*** este artículo se expone los principios de un programa informático denominado DITS que se ha realizado para aprender dactilología. El programa utiliza un tipo de letra, diseñado especialmente, que reproduce los signos manuales equivalentes al alfabeto, castellano y catalán. DITS consta de distintos módulos, de dificultad creciente, así como de un editor de listas de palabras que permite incorporar nuevas a las secuencias de aprendizaje.
A new method of arranging phytosociological tables by species-releve groups (blocks) on the basis of the density of rows and columns (relative species frequency and relative species number) is presented. Each block fu...
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A new method of arranging phytosociological tables by species-releve groups (blocks) on the basis of the density of rows and columns (relative species frequency and relative species number) is presented. Each block fulfils a given minimum criterion regarding its density. With a density threshold of e.g. 50 %, blocks are formed with only those species that are present in at least 50 % of the block's releves, while at the same time the block's releves comprise at least 50 % of the block's species. The procedure starts with the complete table and iteratively masks species and releves with the smallest densities. This is performed step by step with species and releves and continues until the given density threshold for all species and releves is exceeded. Without any further parameters other than the minimum density, species-releve groups of gradually decreasing size are formed. Data processing is performed with a computer program (ESPRESSO). The main application of the method is found in an effective pre-sorting of releve data. The blocks formed can be arranged in the final table as desired.
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