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User Interface Preferences in the design of a Camera-Based Navigation and Wayfinding Aid

JOURNAL OF VISUAL IMPAIRMENT & BLINDNESS 2013年第2期107卷 118-129页

作者： Arditi, Aries Tian, YingLi Visibil Metr LLC Chappaqua NY 10514 USA CUNY City Coll Dept Elect Engn New York NY 10031 USA

Introduction: Development of a sensing device that can provide a sufficient perceptual substrate for persons with visual impairments to orient themselves and travel confidently has been a persistent rehabilitation technology goal, with the user interface posing a significant challenge. In the study presented here, we enlist the advice and ideas of individuals who are blind with respect to this challenge, for an envisioned camera-based aid to navigation and wayfinding. Methods: We administered a short questionnaire about user preferences and needs for such a device to a sample of 10 well-educated, employed (or retired) visually impaired participants with light perception or less, who were familiar and comfortable with assistive technology. Generally, the items were rankings of relative priority. Results: Participants preferred speech as a communications medium for navigating the environment;preferred controlling the auditory display by querying the system rather than interacting via a menu or receiving a stream of continuous speech;and preferred providing input to the system through a keypad rather than through a voice recognition system. Architectural features such as doors and stairs were ranked the most important environmental objects to be located with such a device (over furniture, persons, personal items, and even text signs). Discussion: Our sample reported a desire for devices that can guide them to architectural features of their environment. They appear to prefer device interfaces that give them control, and would rather query a system than interact with a menu. They prefer unobtrusive input on a device via keypad rather than through voice recognition.

关键词： Assistive Technology Visual Impairments computer Interfaces computer system design Navigation design Preferences Questionnaires Needs Assessment Video Technology Visually Impaired Mobility Interviews Accessibility (for Disabled)

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Online people tagging: Social (mobile) network(ing) services and work-based learning

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BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY 2012年第5期43卷 711-725页

作者： Cook, John Pachler, Norbert London Metropolitan Univ Learning Technol Res Inst London E2 8AA England Univ London Inst Educ London WC1E 7HU England London Mobile Learning Grp London England

Social and mobile technologies offer users unprecedented opportunities for communicating, interacting, sharing, meaning-making, content and context generation. And, these affordances are in constant flux driven by a powerful interplay between technological innovation and emerging cultural practices. Significantly, also, they are starting to transcend the everyday life worlds of users and permeate the workplace and its practices. However, given the emergent nature of this area, the literature on the use of social and mobile technologies in workplace practices is still small. Indeed, social media are increasingly being accessed via mobile devices. Our main focus, therefore, here is on the question of what, if any, potential there is for the use of social media in informal, professional, work-based learning. The paper provides a critical overview of key issues from the literature on work-based learning, face-to-face and technology-supported, as well as social (mobile) networking services, with particular attention being paid to people tagging. It then introduces an initial typology of informal workplace learning in order to provide a frame for understanding social (mobile) network(ing) services in work-based learning. Finally, a case study (taken from the literature) of People Tagging tool use in digital social networks in the European Commission-funded MATURE project is used to illustrate aspects of our typology.

关键词： Foreign Countries Handheld Devices Workplace Learning Education Work Relationship Educational Technology Social Networks Taxonomy Informal Education Conventional Instruction computer Assisted Instruction Web 2.0 Technologies computer Software Cognitive Processes Difficulty Level Pilot Projects Metadata Consortia computer Mediated Communication Program Development Internet computer system design Case Studies Program Descriptions Knowledge ManagementEuropean Union United KingdomUnited Kingdom European Union

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Through efficient use of LORs: Prospective teachers' views on operational aspects of learning object repositories

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BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY 2012年第3期43卷 474-488页

作者： Yalcinalp, Serpil Emiroglu, Bulent Baskent Univ Fac Engn TR-06810 Ankara Turkey

Although many developments have been made in the design and development of learning object repositories (LORs), the efficient use of such systems is still questionable. Without realising the functional use of such systems or considering the involvement of their dynamic users, these systems would probably become obsolete. This study includes both qualitative and quantitative research methods for the investigation of prospective teachers' views on the operational aspects of such tools. The participants in this study were 75 prospective teachers that were participating in the graduate certification programme for secondary school subject teachers at Baskent University in Turkey. To realise the objectives of this study, prospective teachers were required to use the 17 of the existing LORs in their course. Analysis was also conducted on those LORs identified by the researchers. Afterwards, teachers were asked to answer an open-ended question in paper and pencil form. Through qualitative analysis, the responses of teachers were coded and presented in a table. The results of this analysis revealed many interesting points regarding teachers' thoughts on the main factors in repositories and are expected to guide the designers, developers and users of LORs to focus on the main issues related to the improvement of functionality and efficiency of such systems.

关键词： Foreign Countries Preservice Teacher Education Secondary Education Educational Resources Educational Technology Internet computer Uses in Education Educational Strategies Student Attitudes Qualitative Research Statistical Analysis computer system design Electronic LibrariesTurkeyTurkey Open Ended Questions

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Open Source in Higher Education: towards an understanding of networked universities

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POLICY FUTURES IN EDUCATION 2012年第3期10卷 315-327页

作者： Quint-Rapoport, Mia Univ Toronto Off Vice Provost Fac & Acad Life Toronto ON Canada

This article addresses the question of understanding more about networked universities by looking at open source software developers working in academic contexts. It sketches their identities and work as an emerging professional community that both relies upon and develops digitally mediated networks and contributes to the progress of academic knowledge and scientific discoveries. The data for this study revolve around questionnaire responses from developers working on two open source software projects, one from the field of biology, the other from education. It provides a rare glimpse into a highly specialised social world. The study demonstrates how the commitments and ideals of open source software developers not only contribute to universities as digitally network institutions, but are foundational to their very constitution.

关键词： computer Software Open Source Technology computer system design Human Factors Engineering Information Networks computer Mediated Communication Individual Characteristics Semi Structured Interviews Questionnaires Communities of Practice Politics of Education Educational Researchers computer Software Reviews Network Analysis Educational Practices

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computer-MANAGED INSTRUCTION (CMI)-BASED ONLINE FORUMS

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JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL COMPUTING RESEARCH 2012年第2期47卷 209-233页

作者： Wee, Mee-Chin Abrizah, A. Por, Lip Yee Univ Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

A CMI-based online forum is designed to address the need for a system to manage students' online participation. The proposed system may reduce the time required to manage online participation. The system was evaluated by a total of 64 students enrolled in an academic semester. The evaluation has two objectives. The first was to determine the usability of the forum software. The students' responses were positive for most of the questions asked, which indicated that the students may have minimal difficulty in using the CMI-based online forum. The second was to measure the accuracy of the assessment formula. The evaluation results showed that the performance indicator (PI) score generated by the assessment formula was highly correlated with the actual grades. This study suggests that CMI-based forum software could be employed to assist online facilitators in managing learners' participation in online discussions.

关键词： Foreign Countries Discussion computer Software Evaluation computer Software computer Managed Instruction Information systems Open Source Technology computer system design Correlation Data Analysis Case Studies Usability Online Surveys Cooperative Learning Grades (Scholastic) Accuracy Evaluation Methods Student Participation Evaluation Criteria Group Activities computer Mediated Communication computer Science Education College Students College Instruction Content Analysis Student SurveysMalaysiaMalaysia

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PLAYABLE SERIOUS GAMES FOR STUDYING AND PROGRAMMING COMPUTATIONAL STEM AND INFORMATICS APPLICATIONS OF DISTRIBUTED AND PARALLEL computer ARCHITECTURES

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JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL COMPUTING RESEARCH 2012年第4期47卷 351-370页

作者： Amenyo, John-Thones CUNY York Coll Jamaica NY 11451 USA

Carefully engineered playable games can serve as vehicles for students and practitioners to learn and explore the programming of advanced computer architectures to execute applications, such as high performance computing (HPC) and complex, inter-networked, distributed systems. The article presents families of playable games that are grounded in the concurrent, parallel, and distributed manipulations and processing of sequences. Some examples of such manipulations are games that involve pattern matching, recognition, alignment, transformation, and evolution of sequences.

关键词： Educational Games computer Games computer Uses in Education Programming Information Science computer Science Education computer system design STEM Education Professional Personnel Training Methods Instructional Materials Educational Strategies computer Simulation College Instruction

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Fostering enterprise architecture education and training with the enterprise architecture competence framework

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT 2012年第2期16卷 128-136页

作者： Tambouris, Efthimios Zotou, Maria Kalampokis, Evangelos Tarabanis, Konstantinos Univ Macedonia Thessaloniki Greece

Enterprise architecture (EA) implementation refers to a set of activities ultimately aiming to align business objectives with information technology infrastructure in an organization. EA implementation is a multidisciplinary, complicated and endless process, hence, calls for adequate education and training programs that will build highly skilled personnel (called enterprise architects) with diverse competencies. This development of domain-specific competencies is also supported by European policies on education and vocational training. To this end, the authors present training uses of the Enterprise Architecture Competence Framework (EA-CF). EA-CF is a proposed conceptual model that describes EA competencies in compliance to the European e-Competence Framework (e-CF). The authors argue that EA stakeholders can consult the framework regarding competencies they want to underpin and thus identify the corresponding skills, knowledge and attitudes that result as learning outcomes in EA courses and training programs.

关键词： Foreign Countries Business Administration Program Content Educational Policy Educational Needs Job Skills computer system design Information Technology Vocational Education Competence Standards Interdisciplinary Approach Models Competency Based EducationEurope

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Creating Project CREATE: Lessons Learned and Best Practices for Developing Web-based Resources for Public Health Practitioners

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2012年第6期43卷 341-348页

作者： McGladrey, Margaret Noar, Seth Crosby, Richard Young, April Webb, Elizabeth Univ Kentucky Coll Publ Hlth 111 Washington AveRoom 104E Lexington KY 40536 USA Univ N Carolina Chapel Hill NC 27515 USA Univ Kentucky Coll Publ Hlth Lexington KY 40536 USA Emory Univ Rollins Sch Publ Hlth Atlanta GA 30322 USA Indiana Univ Dept Appl Hlth Sci Bloomington IN 47405 USA

Background: This paper discusses the Rural Center for AIDS/STD Prevention's effort to develop a web-based service called Project CREATE that responds to a need for targeted health promotion materials expressed by directors of HIV/STD prevention services in predominately rural states. Purpose: Project CREATE allows users to select customized photos, taglines and applicable statistics in order to design targeted prevention posters to reach persons at risk for HIV/STDs in their areas of rural America. Methods: Project CREATE resulted from a bottom-up development process that involved pilot testing the website prototype with members of the target audience (i.e., rural HIV/AIDS health educators, prevention specialists and program coordinators), a model that could be applied to any health promotion effort. Results and Discussion: The assessment data from the pilot test attests to the need for services like Project CREATE that are developed in close coordination with the practitioners who will ultimately use these resources. Translation to Health Education Practice: The paper concludes with recommendations for best practices for public health researchers working with software developers to create web-based tools designed to be used by practitioners.

关键词： Health Promotion Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Prevention Sexually Transmitted Diseases Health Education Public Health Rural Areas Best Practices Data Analysis Health Materials Health Services At Risk Persons Usability computer system design Web Sites Program Descriptions Program Development Outreach Programs Community Information Services

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AN APPROACH TO ENCOURAGING AND EVALUATING LEARNER'S KNOWLEDGE CONTRIBUTION IN WEB-BASED COLLABORATIVE LEARNING

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JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL COMPUTING RESEARCH 2012年第2期47卷 107-135页

作者： Lan, Yu-Feng Lin, Pin-Chuan Hung, Chun-Ling Natl Formosa Univ Huwei Township Yunlin Taiwan Natl Changhua Univ Educ Changhua Taiwan Chien Kuo Technol Univ Changhua Taiwan

Although previous research has demonstrated learning benefits for both instructors and students in the web-based collaborative learning environments, one of the major difficulties is the lack of a practical approach to assist teachers in evaluating the knowledge contribution of learners. A novel method of merging multi-modes of assessment and reward mechanism in a collaborative learning system was examined in this study. The developed system has been applied to a learning activity of a web programming and design course and 102 2nd-year college students from two classes were invited to participate in this research. The system logs and assessment results were analyzed through system use over 6 weeks. The experimental results showed not only could the proposed approach provide instructors with feedback, it could also evaluate and improve learning. In addition, learners could easily and efficiently manage their learning outcomes, share knowledge with one another, reflect on and notify others of learning outcomes and learning status, and engage in high-level reflective practices.

关键词： Foreign Countries Programming Databases Web Sites Comparative Analysis Control Groups Experimental Groups Attitude Measures Cooperative Learning Feedback (Response) Reflection Evaluation Methods Student Evaluation computer Software Evaluation computer Managed Instruction computer system design Web Based Instruction computer Science Education College Students College Instruction Instructional Effectiveness Pretests Posttests Data AnalysisTaiwanTaiwan

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ASSESSMENT OF LEARNERS' ATTENTION TO E-LEARNING BY MONITORING FACIAL EXPRESSIONS FOR computer NETWORK COURSES

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JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL COMPUTING RESEARCH 2012年第4期47卷 371-385页

作者： Chen, Hong-Ren Natl Taichung Univ Educ Taichung 403 Taiwan

Recognition of students' facial expressions can be used to understand their level of attention. In a traditional classroom setting, teachers guide the classes and continuously monitor and engage the students to evaluate their understanding and progress. Given the current popularity of e-learning environments, it has become important to assess the degree of attention during the online learning process. In this study, we used interactive video-capture facial-recognition technology to automatically detect the facial expressions of students as a means of analyzing their attention state during the e-learning process. Participants were divided into three different learning-strategy groups for a course on computer networks. An attention-detection feedback module evaluated participants' attention span during the learning sessions and initiated a response to redirect the participants' attention when they became distracted. The three groups of participants showed significant differences in their course achievement;this was attributed to the different learning strategies used for content presentation. A positive correlation was found between learning improvement and attention, indicating that video-capture facial-recognition technology can be used to provide timely learning assistance and appropriate stimulation to enhance the educational benefits of e-learning.

关键词： Foreign Countries Interactive Video computer Software Evaluation Distance Education Online Courses computer Uses in Education Educational Technology Teaching Methods Learning Strategies Electronic Learning Feedback (Response) Attention Span Instructional design computer system design computer Science Education College Instruction Program Effectiveness Statistical Analysis Comparative Analysis Pretests Posttests Nonverbal CommunicationTaiwanTaiwan

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