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A REEXAMINATION OF RELEVANCE - TOWARD A DYNAMIC, SITUATIONAL DEFINITION

INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT 1990年第6期26卷 755-776页

作者： SCHAMBER, L EISENBERG, MB NILAN, MS SYRACUSE UNIV SCH INFORMAT STUDIES SYRACUSE NY 13244 USA

Considers the meaning of relevance and examines the role that relevance plays in information behavior. Literature on relevance is reviewed, cognitive and dynamic processing approaches to relevance are described, and 12 research questions are presented that address criteria users employ in evaluating information and suggest implications for system design. (62 references) (LRW)

关键词： Cognitive Processes computer system design Definitions Evaluation Criteria Information Retrieval Literature Reviews Measurement Techniques Online systems Relevance (Information Retrieval) Research Methodology User Needs (Information) User Satisfaction (Information)Knowledge Representation

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THE INFORMATION UTILITY PROJECT - A GLIMPSE INTO THE LIBRARY OF THE FUTURE

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INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT 1990年第4期26卷 467-488页

作者： SLONIM, J BAUER, MA UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO DEPT COMP SCILONDON N6A 5B7ONTARIOCANADA IBM CORP TORONTO LABSN YORKONTARIOCANADA

Description of a Canadian research and development project that involved the development of a library information system which would satisfy the needs of a variety of libraries focuses on the technological aspects of the system. Data manipulation is discussed, software is described, standards are considered, and customer requirements are examined. (52 references) (LRW)

关键词： computer Networks computer Software computer system design Data Processing Foreign Countries Futures (of Society) Information Networks Information Services Library Development Research and Development Standards User Needs (Information)CanadaCanada

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NEW MEDIA, NEW MESSAGES - INNOVATION THROUGH ADOPTION OF HYPERTEXT AND HYPERMEDIA TECHNOLOGIES

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ELECTRONIC LIBRARY 1990年第5期8卷 336-343页

作者： HUSTON, MM TEXAS WOMANS UNIV SCH LIB & INFORMAT STUDIESDENTONTX 76205 USA

Discussion of the potential of new developments in information technology for providing access to information highlights the potentials of hypertext and hypermedia technologies. Topics discussed include the interconnectedness of knowledge; skills needed for information handling; cooperative partnerships among professors, librarians, designers, and programers; organizational consequences of technological innovation; and creation of an environment conducive to change. (43 references) (LRW)

关键词： Academic Libraries Access to Information Change Strategies Communication Skills computer system design Cooperative Planning Faculty Higher Education Hypermedia Information Needs Innovation Learning Strategies Librarians Organizational Change Programers Thinking SkillsStructure of Knowledge Information Age Information Skills Knowledge Acquisition

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ECAL - BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN CAL AND INTELLIGENT TUTORING systemS

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computerS & EDUCATION 1990年第1-3期15卷 69-81页

作者： ELSOMCOOK, MT OMALLEY, CE OPEN UNIV INST EDUC TECHNOLWALTON HALLMILTON KEYNES MK7 6AABUCKSENGLAND

In the traditional CAL system the author generates material to be presented by computer, and the computer simply follows the explicit instructions of the author in interacting with a student. Intelligent tutoring systems rely on abstracting the implicit knowledge of a CAL system into explicit separable representations. There is a large gap between these two approaches which ECAL attempts to bridge by incorporating simple versions of ideas from artificial intelligence as extensions to a traditional CAL tool. It can be regarded as an experiment in minimalism in intelligent tutoring but it is also a practical educational tool. This paper introduces some of the authoring issues raised by ECAL, followed by a general view of the architecture of the system, and a discussion of the educational model which is implicit in ECAL. The final sections discuss the ECAL presentation system and the authoring environment.

关键词： Algorithms Artificial Intelligence Authoring Aids (Programing) computer Assisted Instruction computer system design Futures (of Society) Microcomputers ModelsIntelligent CAI systems Knowledge Representation Intelligent Tutoring systems Knowledge Utilization

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GETTING TO GRIPS WITH DATABASE design - A STEP BY STEP APPROACH

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computerS & EDUCATION 1990年第6期14卷 481-488页

作者： RAE, J UNIV SALFORD INST INFORMAT TECHNOLSALFORD M5 4WTLANCSENGLAND

This article outlines an approach to teaching database design principles via a simple case study. Databases can be powerful management tools providing they are correctly designed, however, this is commonly viewed as a difficult technical task. This article provides a simple step by step approach to the problem which has been adopted with second year undergraduate students who have come from both arts and science backgrounds. It describes the implementation of the approach and briefly considers the results.

关键词： Case Studies computer Science Education computer system design Database Management systems Databases Higher Education Instructional Innovation Library Automation Models Undergraduate StudentsDatabase Development Relational Models

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systemS-ANALYSIS AND design COURSE - A PROJECT ORIENTATION

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EDUCATION FOR INFORMATION 1990年第1期8卷 15-22页

作者： FARAH, BN EASTERN MICHIGAN UNIV COLL BUSINESSDEPT OPERAT RES & INFORMAT SYSTYPSILANTIMI 48197 USA

Provides a framework for examining the programs required to meet the challenges of information management education along five dimensions: area of study; faculty and school base; core programs; education and orientation of coprofessionals and managers; and management education and orientation. Approaches for improving the value of information management and use are outlined. (12 references) (Author/MES)

关键词： computer system design Foreign Countries Higher Education Information Management Information Science Education Library Education Models systems AnalysisAustraliaAustralia

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MODELING THE TEACHING CONSULTANT

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computerS & EDUCATION 1990年第2期14卷 125-136页

作者： JOHNSON, BL BERGERON, RD MALCOLM, P UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE DEPT COMP SCIDURHAMNH 03824 USA

Discusses the teaching consultant process in computer programing courses, describes a teaching consultant model from both the teachers' and students' perspectives, and shows how this model can be used to develop an intelligent teaching consultant (ITC). Differences between this collection of expert systems and conventional intelligent tutoring systems are examined. (13 references) (LRW)

关键词： computer Assisted Instruction computer Science Education computer system design Expert systems Higher Education Models ProgramingKnowledge Representation Teacher Consultants Intelligent Tutoring systems

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ASSIMILATORY TOOLS FOR INFORMAL LEARNING - PROSPECTS IN ICAI

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INSTRUCTIONAL SCIENCE 1990年第1期19卷 3-9页

作者： DUCHASTEL, P MCDONNELL DOUGLAS CORP 2450 S PEORIA STSUITE 400AURORACO 80014 USA

Discussion of cognitive psychology focuses on two types of cognitive tools--power tools and assimilatory tools--which are geared to information acquisition. The distinction between accommodation and assimilation is explained, implications for the design of intelligent computer-assisted instruction (ICAI) are suggested, and the question of learner control is addressed. (14 references) (LRW)

关键词： Cognitive Psychology computer system design Information Science Learner Controlled Instruction Learning ProcessesIntelligent CAI systems Knowledge Acquisition Intelligent Tutoring systems Accommodation Theory Assimilation Theory

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Network directory services

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Library Hi Tech 1990年第4期8卷 93-103页

作者： Planka, Daniela National Library of Canada Canada

The Directory (CCITT X.500/ISO 9594) is an international standard, which was ratified jointly by ISO and CCITT in December 1988. The standard describes the structure and services of a global, logically centralized but physically distributed, electronic network directory that will support the evolving telecommunications environment. Directory pilot projects are underway in both North America and Europe and commercial implementations of the Directory standard are becoming increasingly available. As the bibliographic community becomes more dependent on the use of networks, it is essential that library professionals understand the capabilities of this powerful new standard. © 1990, MCB UP Limited

关键词： computer Networks computer system design Directories Information Networks Information systems Information Technology Library Automation Models Standards Technological Advancement TelecommunicationsOpen systems Interconnection

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AN INTELLECTUAL UTILITY FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY - THE NATIONAL RESEARCH AND EDUCATION NETWORK

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GOVERNMENT INFORMATION QUARTERLY 1990年第4期7卷 415-425页

作者： GOULD, SB LIB CONGRESS CONGRESS RES SERVWASHINGTONDC 20540 USA

This article will provide a brief overview of the primary computer network structures serving the U.S. academic research community. Plans for transforming the Internet into a National Research and Education Network are moving forward under the leadership of the National Science Foundation and the Federal Research Internet Coordinating Committee. The article outlines the scope of computational and information resources likely to be available to users through the national network, and highlights the role envisioned for the network in facilitating effective remote interaction by researchers with colleagues, scientific instruments, and data. When fully implemented, the national network can serve both as a powerful utility that extends the capabilities of scholars, scientists, and engineers, and as a testbed for an electronic information infrastructure available to every home, office and factory in the United States in the 21st century.

关键词： computer Networks computer system design Databases Electronic Mail Higher Education Information Management Laboratories Research Universities Scientific and Technical InformationCollaboratives

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