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IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference

作者： Ohsaki, H Murata, M Suzuki, H Ikeda, C Miyahara, H OSAKA UNIV FAC ENGN SCIDEPT INFORMAT & COMP SCITOYONAKAOSAKA 560JAPAN

ISBN: (纸本)0780325109

Rate-based congestion control is effective and still simple for traffic management in ATM networks. One of its practical realization schemes is the enhanced proportional rate control algorithm (EPRCA) which has been proposed and adopted as a standard for traffic management scheme in the ATM Forum. An analysis for the EPRCA is provided for a network with homogeneous source traffic and a single bottleneck ATM link to investigate the dynamic behavior of the EPRCA. In addition to three types of switches suggested in the EPRCA, a prioritized switch is newly proposed. We exploit the dynamical behavior of the EPRCA and obtain the maximum queue length at the switch and the throughput by using the first-order fluid approximation method. Equations for parameter tuning for the EPRCA are also provided.

关键词： computer algorithms Switches Traffic management steady-state analysis queueing length Throughput

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Low bit rate model-assisted H.261-compatible coding of video

Low bit rate model-assisted H.261-compatible coding of video

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International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Eleftheriadis, A Jacquin, A COLUMBIA UNIV DEPT ELECT ENGNNEW YORKNY 10027

ISBN: (纸本)0780331222

We describe a method of object-selective quantizer control in a standard coding system based on MC DCT-CCITT Recommendation H.261. The approach is based on two novel algorithms, namely buffer rate modulation and buffer size modulation. By forcing the rate control algorithm to transfer a relatively small fraction-about 10-15% on average-of the total available bit rate from the coding of the non-facial to that of the facial area, in head-and-shoulders videoteleconferencing sequences, images with better-rendered facial features are obtained, i.e. blocky artifacts in the facial area are less pronounced and eye contact and lip-sync are preserved. The improvement was found to be perceptually significant on video sequences coded at the rate of 64 kbps, with 48 kbps allocated for the input (color) video signal in QCIF format.

关键词： Eye Contact coding Video sequences Videotapes available bit rate Facial Features computer algorithms quantizer

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A CURRENT-FREE AND PARAMETER-FREE CONTROL ALGORITHM

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS 1994年第2期30卷 324-332页

作者： LOSIC, NA VARGA, LD INST MIHAJLO PUPIN BELGRADE YUGOSLAVIA

A method of synthesizing a control system comprising a most inner positive voltage feedback loop and an inner negative voltage feedback loop and an outer negative voltage feedback loop is presented. The control system error is forced to zero in steady state and minimized in transient in response to either input command change or external disturbance. No current through the plant under the control is sensed and no parameters of the plant are required to be known implying minimization of measurement noise and adaptive/self-tuning operation, respectively. The method is used to synthesize load-independent and input-voltage-independent switch-mode power converters as well as electric motor drive systems, incorporating any kind of electric motor, of maximized disturbance rejection ratio and minimized dynamics.

关键词： Feedback loop control systems voltage feedback Zero external disturbance Noise measurement power conversion unit Loops plants drive train computer algorithms switching pattern Electric motors Contraceptive Coil

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UTILIZATION OF AUTOMATIC DIFFERENTIATION IN CONTROL algorithms

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL 1994年第5期39卷 1047-1052页

作者： CAMPBELL, SL MOORE, E ZHONG, YC Department of Mathematics North Carolina State University

Symbolic languages are increasingly being used in the analysis and implementation of control algorithms. Many of these control procedures involve some type of differentiation or Jacobian formulation. Automatic differentiation provides an alternative means of computing this information which is rarely considered in the control literature. This correspondence will discuss the use of automatic differentiation. Numerical results comparing the use of automatic differentiation and symbolic approaches in the context of a particular nonlinear control system will be given.

关键词： symbolic languages AUTOMATIC Nonlinear control systems Individualized Instruction computer algorithms Control procedures Jacobian

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MULTICHANNEL JOINT RATE CONTROL OF VBR MPEG ENCODED VIDEO FOR DBS APPLICATIONS

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 1994年第3期40卷 616-623页

作者： GUHA, A REININGER, DJ RUTGERS STATE UNIV NEW BRUNSWICKNJ

A method to transmit multiplexed digital video that potentially allows for video quality and capacity gains over conventional constant bit-rate (CBR) transmission is described. The method uses a joint rate control algorithm that regulates the encoders during buffer congestion periods using bandwidth re-allocation and source rate control. A multichannel joint rate control algorithm is described and its performance simulated for MPEG encoded video on a typical Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS) indicate significant capacity and/or quality gains conventional CBR transmission methods.

关键词： Direct broadcast satellites LRP2 gene source rate MCF2L gene Videotapes Moving Pictures Experts Group tariff rate of combined transport ENCODER variable Bit rate computer algorithms

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CONTROL algorithms OF SONET INTEGRATED SELF-HEALING NETWORKS

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IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS 1994年第1期12卷 110-119页

作者： HASEGAWA, S OKANOUE, Y EGAWA, T SAKAUCHI, H NEC CORP LTD DIV OVERSEAS TRANSMISSNAKAHARA KUKAWASAKI 211JAPAN NEC CORP LTD C&C SYST RES LABSNETWORK RES LABNAKAHARA KUKAWASAKI 211JAPAN

As the deployment of high-speed fiber transmission systems has been accelerated, they are widely recognized as a firm infrastructure of our information society. Under this circumstance, the importance of network survivability has been increasing rapidly in these days. In SONET, the self-healing networks have been highlighted as one of the most advanced mechanisms to realize SONET survivable networks. Several schemes have been proposed and studied actively due to a rapid progress on the development of highly intelligent NE's. Among them in this paper, a DCS based distributed self-healing network is discussed from a viewpoint of its control algorithms. Specifically, our self-healing algorithm called TRANS is explained in detail, which possesses such desirable features as providing fast and flexible restoration with line and path level restoration applied to an individual STS-1 channel, capability to handle multiple and even node failures, and so on. Both software simulation and hardware experiment verify that TRANS works properly in a real distributed environment, the result of which is shown in the paper. In addition, the combined use of TRANS and the ring restoration control is proposed taking into account the use in a practical SONET.

关键词： SONET Distribute information society TRANS computer algorithms

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OPTIMAL CONTROLLED ALOHA FOR 2-WAY DATA COMMUNICATION IN A CABLE-TELEVISION NETWORK

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 1994年第7期42卷 2453-2459页

作者： VANDERVLEUTEN, RJ VANETTEN, WC VANDENBOOM, HPA EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL FAC ELECT ENGNDEPT ELECT ENGNDIV TELECOMMUNTELECOMMUN SECT5600 MB EINDHOVENNETHERLANDS

Based on a unified analysis of both pure and slotted ALOHA systems, a new control algorithm for ALOHA systems is proposed. A feature of great practical importance is the algorithm's automatic adjustment to changes in average traffic intensity or the (finite or infinite) number of active stations in the system. In addition, the algorithm has a low-complexity implementation. computer simulations, concentrating on the use for two-way data communication in a cable television network, have demonstrated that the practical performance of the algorithm closely approximates the theoretical optimum, even under extremely heavy traffic load conditions. Furthermore, dynamic performance simulations have shown that the algorithm assures swift recovery from overload situations.

关键词： Finite Traffic density data communication algorithms Bidirectional automatic control Cable television Transportation load computer algorithms

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FLEXIBLE SPACESTRUCTURE CONTROL VIA MOVING-BANK MULTIPLE MODEL algorithms

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS 1994年第3期30卷 750-757页

作者： GUSTAFSON, JA MAYBECK, PS Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Air Force Institute of Technology OH USA

The development and performance of moving-bank multiple model adaptive control (MMAC) algorithms for quelling vibrations induced in the SPICE 2 space structure are presented. The structure consists of a large platform and a smaller platform connected by three legs in a tripod fashion. Deviations of the line-of-sight (LOS) vector from the center of the large platform to the center of the smaller platform are used for LQG controller performance evaluation. The parameter estimator implements the maximum entropy with identity covariance (ME/I) algorithm;the moving bank logic employs parameter position monitoring the controller uses the modified MMAC method. Whereas parameter variations of two percent caused instabilities in the single filter/controller design, the MMAC algorithm provides an excellent method to estimate a wide range of parameter variations and to quell oscillations in the structure.

关键词： Kalman filters adaptive control aerospace computer control aerospace computing entropy filtering and prediction theory oscillations parameter estimation performance evaluation MMAC algorithm SPICE 2 space structure adaptive control algorithms flexible sp Parameter estimation Maximum entropy Performance Evaluation CONSTRUCTION IN SPACE adaptive control Platform entropy multi-model adaptive control computer algorithms aerospace computing Kalman filters parameter variation

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HEURISTIC AND STATISTICAL algorithms FOR AUTOMATED EMISSION SPECTRAL BACKGROUND INTENSITY ESTIMATION

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APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 1994年第8期48卷 915-925页

作者： SALIT, ML COLLINS, JB YATES, DA MACBETH PROC MEASUREMENTS NEWBURGHNY 12550 PERKIN ELMER CORP NORWALKCT 06859

Two algorithms for the complete automation of background estimation in ICP emission spectroscopy are presented and evaluated. One of these algorithms is based on heuristic spectral interpretation, while the other is based on statistical spectral interpretation. These algorithms both address the weaknesses of the conventionally employed approaches of blank subtraction in calibration and background estimation through interpolation from analyst-selected wavelengths adjacent to the analyte peak. In a rigorous evaluation with synthetic spectra, these algorithms are characterized for performance in terms of accuracy, precision, and robustness. As a demonstration of the algorithms' performance with experimentally measured spectra, a determination of uranium in the presence of a calcium background interference is performed. These algorithms require no analyst interaction for their operation, and they estimate the background for every spectrum measured.

关键词： EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY SPECTRAL INTERPRETATION BACKGROUND CORRECTION BASE-LINE FITTING computer algorithms SYNTHETIC SPECTRA EXPERIMENTS INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA

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DERIVING PROGRAMS USING GENERIC algorithms

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IBM SYSTEMS JOURNAL 1994年第1期33卷 158-181页

作者： YAKHNIS, VR FARRELL, JA SHULTZ, SS IBM Large Scale Computing Division Endicott NY

We suggest a new approach to the derivation of programs from their specifications. The formal derivation and proof of programs as is practiced today is a very powerful tool for the development of high-quality software. However, its application by the software development community has been slowed by the amount of mathematical expertise needed to apply these formal methods to complex projects and by the lack of reuse within the framework of program derivation. To address these problems, we have developed an approach to formal derivation that employs the new concept of generic algorithms. A generic algorithm is one that has (1) a formal specification, (2) a proof that it satisfies this specification, and (3) generic identifiers representing types and operations. It may have embedded program specifications or pseudocode instructions describing the next steps in the stepwise refinement process. Using generic algorithms, most software developers need to know only how to pick and adapt them, rather than perform more technically challenging tasks such as finding loop invariants and deriving loop programs. The adaptation consists of replacing the generic identifiers by concrete types and operations. Since each generic algorithm can be used in the derivation of many different programs, this new methodology provides the developer with a form of reuse of program derivation techniques, correctness proofs, and formal specifications.

关键词： computer algorithms SOFTWARE engineering

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