For transtibial prostheses, the ability to reproduce the moment of an able-bodied ankle is critical to the design. Studies show that the ankle produces more energy than it actually absorbs during walking [1]. Conseque...
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For transtibial prostheses, the ability to reproduce the moment of an able-bodied ankle is critical to the design. Studies show that the ankle produces more energy than it actually absorbs during walking [1]. Consequently, a powered ankle-foot prosthesis was designed and fabricated [2]. This solution uses a DC brushed motor connected to a torsional spring. The torsional spring drives a four-bar mechanism to move the prosthesis as shown in Figure 1. To regulate the behavior of the motor, a control algorithm was proposed and the control system was built [3]. Before testing on amputees can commence, preliminary bench testing should be performed to verify that the mechanism is able to generate required power. In this work, the bench testing setup and results are explained.
The syntax of an algorithmic language such as ALGOL is conveniently described as a sequence of states indicated by an element called cellar. Transitions are controlled by admissible state-symbol pairs which may be rep...
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The article briefly discusses Photogrowth, a software system designed to create images based on an algorithm inspired by the behavior of a virtual ant colony.
The article briefly discusses Photogrowth, a software system designed to create images based on an algorithm inspired by the behavior of a virtual ant colony.
Exact and approximate string matching problem is a common and often repeated task in information retrieval and bioinformatics. As current free textual databases are growing almost exponentially with the time, the stri...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781606922613
Exact and approximate string matching problem is a common and often repeated task in information retrieval and bioinformatics. As current free textual databases are growing almost exponentially with the time, the string matching problem is becoming more expensive in terms computational times. The authors believe that recent advances in parallel and distributed processing techniques are currently mature enough and can provide powerful computing means convenient for overcoming this string matching problem. In this book the authors present a short survey for well known sequential exact and approximate string searching algorithms. Further, the authors propose four text searching implementations onto general purpose parallel computer like a cluster of heterogeneous workstations using MPI message passing library. The first three parallel implementations are based on the static and dynamic master-worker ***, the authors propose a hybrid parallel implementation that combines the advantages of static and dynamic parallel methods in order to reduce the load imbalance and communication overhead. Moreover, the authors present linear processor array architectures for flexible exact and approximate string matching. These architectures are based on parallel realisation of dynamic programming and non-deterministic finite automaton algorithms. The algorithms consist of two phases, i.e. pre-processing and searching. Then, starting from the data dependence graphs of the searching phase, parallel algorithms are derived, which can be realised directly onto special purpose processor array architectures for approximate string ***, the pre-processing phase is also accommodated onto the same processor array designs. In addition, the proposed architectures support flexible patterns i.e. patterns with a 'don't care' symbol, patterns with a complement symbol and patterns with a class symbol. Finally, this book proposes a generic design of a programmable array processor
The field of satellite navigation has witnessed the advent of a number of new systems and technologies: after the landmark design and development of the Global Positioning System (GPS), a number of new independent Glo...
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Objectives: Diabetes is associated with loss of capillaries and macrovessel dilation in the conjunctiva, similar to well-known vessel changes in the retina. However, little is known about the effect of diabetes on the...
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Objectives: Diabetes is associated with loss of capillaries and macrovessel dilation in the conjunctiva, similar to well-known vessel changes in the retina. However, little is known about the effect of diabetes on the tortuosity of vessels of the conjunctiva. The authors examined the tortuosity of conjunctival vessels in participants with and without diabetes. Design: Case-control study. Participants and Controls: Fifty-three patients with diabetes (17 with type 1 diabetes, 36 with type 2 diabetes) and 60 controls (all aged 20-94 years). Methods: Digital red-free images of conjunctivae were analyzed using an automated computer algorithm to identify vessel axes and to quantify vessel tortuosity. Differences in vessel tortuosity were adjusted for age, gender, blood pressure, and smoking status. Main Outcome Measures: Tortuosity was expressed in units of curve energy (the square of the radian angular change between subsequent locations identified by the algorithm, standardized by vessel length). Results: A longer duration of diabetes was associated with a reduction in overall vessel tortuosity (-2.8%;95% confidence interval [CI], -4.3% to -1.3% per decade). This inverse association was driven by changes in larger vessels (40 μm in width or more), whereas increased tortuosity was observed in capillary sized vessels (<25 μm, 4.0%;95% CI, -0.2% to 8.2% per decade). Compared with controls, those with type 1 diabetes (median duration of disease, 26 years) showed a 17.9% increase (95% CI, 4.7% to -31.0%) in capillary tortuosity. Conversely, those with type 1 diabetes showed a 7% decrease (95% CI, -11.8% to -2.3%) in tortuosity among vessels 40 to 80 μm or less in size and a 26.8% decrease (95% CI, -66.2% to 12.7%) in the fewer number of vessels more than 80 μm in size compared with controls. Similar, but smaller differences were seen in those with type 2 diabetes with shorter duration of diabetes (median, 7 years). Conclusions: Macrovessel dilation associated with diabetes m
Many hormones in the body oscillate with different frequencies and amplitudes, creating a dynamic environment that is essential to maintain health. In humans, disruptions to these rhythms are strongly associated with ...
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Methods of simplification that can be applied automatically to programs written in an ALGOL-like language are *** simplifications are based on the form of the program and the knowledge obtained by a processor, without...
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