Fire extinguishment approaches with inert gas such as carbon dioxide (CO_2) or nitrogen (N_2) have several advantages compared with ones with water. On the other hand, they have low extinguishment performance and put ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467372435
Fire extinguishment approaches with inert gas such as carbon dioxide (CO_2) or nitrogen (N_2) have several advantages compared with ones with water. On the other hand, they have low extinguishment performance and put lives at risk. To enhance the extinguishment performance and to reduce risk to life, the authors have proposed a robotic fire extinguishment approach with massive aerial extinguishers with inert gas. This paper proposes a control algorithm for multiple aerial extinguishers without any markers, while a single extinguisher with an easily extracted marker has been controlled in our previous work. This paper also demonstrates flight control of two extinguishers and flame extinguishment by cooperation with two extinguishers. The cooperative behavior in the flame extinguishment experiment is not explicitly programmed, and the two extinguishers are simply controlled by trajectory tracking using PID controllers.
This paper proposes a predictive controller design for a sensorless interior permanent magnet synchronous motor drive system. The controllers include a current-loop predictive controller and a speed-loop predictive co...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467324199
This paper proposes a predictive controller design for a sensorless interior permanent magnet synchronous motor drive system. The controllers include a current-loop predictive controller and a speed-loop predictive controller with an external load estimator. In addition, the estimated error of the rotor position estimator is reduced due to the using of the on-line tuning stator resistance and q-axis inductance. By using the proposed control algorithms, the closed-loop sensorless interior permanent magnet synchronous motor drive system can achieve fast transient responses, satisfactory load disturbance responses, and good tracking responses. A digital signal processor, TMS 320F2812, is used to perform the rotor position estimating algorithm and the predictive control algorithm. As a result, the hardware is very simple. Experimental results can validate the theoretical analysis and show that the predictive controllers have better performance than the PI controllers.
Open loop reactive power (Q) control function of the local voltage (U) measured at the inverter's terminals is one possibility to comply with the BDEW's MV grid regulations [1] in Germany, while other countrie...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781622763153
Open loop reactive power (Q) control function of the local voltage (U) measured at the inverter's terminals is one possibility to comply with the BDEW's MV grid regulations [1] in Germany, while other countries are considering to apply this solution as well. A better understanding of the stability limits for such a control algorithm is required when applying it to large PV plants or PV dominated grids. A dynamic RMS simulation model of a big PV plant including Q(U) control is developed. The model is compared with real life measurements in the PV plant and the local laboratory. Various study cases are further on performed in order to assess the voltage stability. An upper stability limit can be found depending on the grid connection parameters in the point of common coupling (PCC).
Power grid fluctuations are an increasing concern with the high penetration of intermittent generation sources. This paper describes a hierarchical control scheme defined by the dynamics of de-coupled power units over...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479904297
Power grid fluctuations are an increasing concern with the high penetration of intermittent generation sources. This paper describes a hierarchical control scheme defined by the dynamics of de-coupled power units over possibly different business domains into an integrated control scheme providing fluctuation mitigation. Specifically, a method built on the combination of charging control of a variable EV fleet and a small-scale energy storage system in a prioritized control hierarchy is investigated with its impacts on both domains. The control hierarchy uses the EV charging dynamics as prime resource for the mitigation of local generation fluctuations and accommodates the residual lack with local electric storage. The definition of a controllable power range for the charging stations allows for the EV charging infrastructure to serve as a power service. The underlying two-layer control algorithms is evaluated through simulations of the dynamics of a residential grid segment combining different grid resources. The results show significantly enhanced performance for effectively reducing the energy surplus-needs through the prime control layer (here: EV charging), but also the need for careful design of secondary power capacities (here: storage).
This paper is aimed to design a learning-based controller for robotic manipulators. A controller is proposed to estimate the nonlinear system dynamics and minimize tracking error in motion. In order to improve the lea...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781457708381
This paper is aimed to design a learning-based controller for robotic manipulators. A controller is proposed to estimate the nonlinear system dynamics and minimize tracking error in motion. In order to improve the learning speed and performance, a new CMAC (cerebellar model articulation controller) controller with grey learning rate is proposed. The grey learning rate, which is based on a grey relational analysis, is utilized to adjust the learning rate online. Real-time tracking control can be achieved with the proposed controller. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed controller, ADMAS and MATLAB/Simulink are used for simulation. The NI sbRIO-9642 is employed to realize the control algorithm on the NTU robot arm, which is developed by our laboratory. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed learning-based controller can provide better tracking performance than the conventional ones.
In this paper, a distributed power control algorithm is proposed to perform adaptive spatial multiplexing for the relay enhanced orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) cellular systems. As the optimal s...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424440757;9781424440740
In this paper, a distributed power control algorithm is proposed to perform adaptive spatial multiplexing for the relay enhanced orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) cellular systems. As the optimal spatial multiplexing problem is non-convex, we utilize the distributed iteration method to achieve its near-optimal solution. By determining the restriction on the transmit power for each subcarrier, the individual power allocation at the base station (BS) and the relay station (RS) can always converge to some desirable Nash Equilibriums with satisfying performance. Simulation results show that the proposed distributed power control algorithm provides significant gain in system transmit rate over the traditional iterative water-filling scheme.
Control applications contain both logic, sequencing, and control algorithms. A holistic view of this is seldom presented in teaching and papers. One reason is the separation of communities - automation groups typicall...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467381840
Control applications contain both logic, sequencing, and control algorithms. A holistic view of this is seldom presented in teaching and papers. One reason is the separation of communities - automation groups typically come from the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) world while control engineers primarily come from the Distributed Control System (DCS) world. Both logic, sequencing, and control algorithms are, however, well integrated in today's control systems since DCS systems now contain logic and sequencing and PLCs now contain control algorithms. This paper shows that both logic, sequencing, and control algorithms can be integrated seamlessly in a sequential control language. The particular application considered is a PID controller with a relay autotuner. The presented autotuner implementation yields good controller parameters and is freely available.
Primary frequency response from dynamically controlled refrigerators was investigated. A control algorithm was applied to a model of refrigerators to regulate their power consumption according to the deviation of syst...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781629931333
Primary frequency response from dynamically controlled refrigerators was investigated. A control algorithm was applied to a model of refrigerators to regulate their power consumption according to the deviation of system frequency. A model of a population of refrigerators equipped with such control was implemented in PowerFactory. A simplified Great Britain (GB) power system model was used to investigate primary frequency response from the refrigerators. Simulation results show that the refrigerators react effectively to the frequency variations by varying their power consumption.
This paper presents results of the control algorithm development for vector control of permanent magnet synchronous machine realised on DSP TMS320F2812. Results of experiments and project of new control unit based on ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467324199
This paper presents results of the control algorithm development for vector control of permanent magnet synchronous machine realised on DSP TMS320F2812. Results of experiments and project of new control unit based on FPGA are presented. The setup was tested with permanent magnet motor up to 42000 RPM, nominal torque 1.2 Nm and nominal current 11 A.
This paper presents a new Digital Self-Oscillating Modulator (DiSOM) for DC/DC converters. The DiSOM modulator alllows the digital control algorithm to sample the output voltage at a sampling frequency higher than the...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424418718
This paper presents a new Digital Self-Oscillating Modulator (DiSOM) for DC/DC converters. The DiSOM modulator alllows the digital control algorithm to sample the output voltage at a sampling frequency higher than the converter switching frequency. This enables higher control loop bandwidth than for traditional digital PWM modulators given a certain switching frequency. A synchronised version of the DiSOM modulator is derived for interleaved converters. A prototype interleaved Buck converter for Point of Load applications has been designed and built to test the performance of DiSOM modulator. The DiSOM modulator and a digital control algorithm have been implemented in an FPGA. Experimental results show that the converter has a very fast transient response when a loadstep is applied to the output. For a loadstep of 50% of nominal output current the output voltage overshoot is less than 2.5% of the nominal output voltage and the settling time is just 8 switching periods.
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