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H.264/AVC rate control with enhanced rate-quantisation model and bit allocation

IET IMAGE PROCESSING 2011年第7期5卷 619-629页

作者： Liu, L. Zhuang, X. He, Z. Sun, Y. Univ Missouri Dept Elect & Comp Engn Columbia MO 65211 USA Univ Missouri Dept Comp Sci Columbia MO 65211 USA Univ Cent Arkansas Dept Comp Sci Conway AR USA

Rate control algorithms aim to achieve perceivable video quality for real-time video communication applications under some real-world constraints, such as bandwidth, delay, buffer sizes etc. This study presents an adaptive and efficient rate control framework for low-delay H.264/AVC video communication. At the basic unit level, to realise quantisation decision improvement, a novel rate-qantisation (R-Q) model is proposed for P frame. This P frame R-Q model is established through the rho domain rate control theory to compute quantisation according to target bit assignment. In addition, an I frame R-Q model is presented to measure frame level coding activity for quantisation decision without performing computationally intensive intra-prediction, which helps alleviating the frame skipping problem. When compared with Joint Video Team (JVT)-G012, a rate control scheme adopted by JVT H.264/AVC reference software JM12.3, the proposed rate control framework shows good performance in terms of improved average luminance peak signal noise ratio (PSNR), reduced number of skipped frames and smaller mismatch between target and actual bit rates.

关键词： CONTROL theory (Mathematics) computer algorithms BUFFER storage (computer science) BANDWIDTHS SIGNAL-to-noise ratio DECISION making MATHEMATICAL models computer software

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A fully distributed power control algorithm for cellular mobile systems

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IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS 1996年第4期14卷 692-697页

作者： Lee, TH Lin, JC NATL SCI COUNCIL NATL SPACE PROGRAM OFFHSINCHU 300TAIWAN

Several distributed power control algorithms that can achieve carrier-to-interference ratio (CIR) balancing with probability one have been proposed recently for cellular mobile systems [5]-[8], In these algorithms, only local information is used to adjust transmitting power, However, a normalization procedure is required in each iteration to determine transmitting power and, thus, these algorithms are not fully distributed, In this paper, we present a distributed power control algorithm which does not need the normalization procedure, We show that the proposed algorithm can achieve CIR balancing with probability one, Moreover, numerical results reveal our proposed scheme performs better than the algorithm presented in [7], which has the best performance among the distributed power control algorithms studied in [5]-[8], The excellent performance and the fully distributed property make our proposed algorithm a good choice for cellular mobile systems.

关键词： cellular mobile system Power control Cells algorithms Transmitter power Distribute Mobile computer algorithms

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Modeling and global maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic system under partial shading conditions using modified particle swarm optimization algorithm

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JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY 2014年第6期6卷 1-16页

作者： Tian, Yong Xia, Bizhong Sun, Wei Xu, Zhihui Zheng, Weiwei Tsinghua Univ Grad Sch Shenzhen Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Sunwoda Elect Co Ltd Shenzhen 518018 Peoples R China

Under partial shading conditions (e. g., due to buildings, trees, and clouds), multiple peaks may exist on the power-voltage (P-V) characteristic curve of photovoltaic (PV) array, leading to the conventional maximum power point tracking methods fail to extract the global maximum power point (GMPP). In this paper, a mathematical model of PV array under partial shading conditions with a voltage calculated principle is established. The presented model is implemented with an m-file in MATLAB software, which is used as a tool to study the non-linear characteristics of current-voltage (I-V) and P-V curves of PV array, as well as quickly develop the GMPP tracking controllers. Besides, an adaptive random particle swarm optimization (ARPSO) algorithm is presented to accurately extract the GMPP under partial shading conditions. Five simulation cases with different partial shading patterns are used to evaluate the performance of the presented approach by comparing with the conventional PSO, perturbation and observation (P&O), incremental conductance (INC), and genetic algorithm (GA) methods. Simulation results show that the ARPSO algorithm can rapidly find the GMPP under different shading conditions compared with the conventional PSO algorithm. Furthermore, the presented algorithm can accurately extract the GMPP when the shading condition sharply changes, while the P&O and INC algorithms fail to track the GMPP, but only detect the rightmost MPP encountered either local or global and regardless of the course. Besides, the ARPSO can rapidly and accurately converge to the GMPP with smaller population size and higher convergence speed compared with the GA. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.

关键词： PARTICLE swarm optimization computer algorithms MATHEMATICAL optimization computer software PHOTOVOLTAIC power generation

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High-level test compaction techniques

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON computer-AIDED DESIGN OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 2002年第7期21卷 827-841页

作者： Ravi, S Lakshminarayana, G Jha, NK NEC Corp Ltd C & C Res Labs Princeton NJ 08540 USA Alphion Corp Eatontown NJ 07724 USA Princeton Univ Dept Elect Engn Princeton NJ 08544 USA

Available register-transfer level (RTL) test generation techniques do not make a concerted effort to reduce the test application time associated with the derived tests. Chip tester memory limitations, increasing tester costs, etc., make it imperative that the issue of generating compact tests at the RTL be addressed and consolidated with the known gains of high-level testing. In this paper, the authors provide a comprehensive framework for generating compact tests for an RTL circuit. They develop a series of techniques that exploit the inherent parallelism available in symbolic test(s) derived for RTL module(s). These techniques enable them to schedule testing of multiple modules in parallel as well as perform test pipelining. In addition, the authors also present design for testability (DFT) techniques for lowering test application time. Using a maximum bipartite matching formulation, they choose a low-overhead set of test enhancements that can achieve compact tests. The authors' techniques can seamlessly plug into any, generic high-level test framework. Their experimental results in the context of one such framework indicate that the proposed methodology achieves an average reduction in test application time of 54.2% for the example circuits.

关键词： INTEGRATED circuits computer-aided design computer algorithms

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Nonlinear-controller design for an interior-permanent-magnet synchronous motor including field-weakening operation

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IET ELECTRIC POWER APPLICATIONS 2007年第1期1卷 119-126页

作者： Shi, J. -L. Liu, T. -H. Yang, S. -H. Natl Taiwan Univ Sci & Technol Taipei 106 Taiwan

The paper proposes a nonlinear adaptive backstepping speed controller which can be used in both the constant-torque region and the field-weakening region for an interior-permanent-magnet synchronous motor. By using the proposed method, the adjustable speed range can be extended to 1.6 times that of the base speed. In addition, the d-axis current is suitably adjusted to increase the output torque of the interior-permanent-magnet synchronous motor. A DSP-based fully digital speed-control system is implemented. The DSP is used to execute the current and the nonlinear speed-loop control algorithms. The implemented system has satisfactory performance, including good transient responses, good load-disturbance-rejection responses, and good tracking ability. Several experimental results validate the theoretical analysis.

关键词： base speed Theoretical analysis output torque speed controller constant torque speed range controller design computer algorithms synchronous motors field weakening

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Practical Approach to Design and Implementation of a Control Algorithm in an Artificial Pancreatic Beta Cell

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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH 2009年第13期48卷 6059-6067页

作者： Percival, Matthew W. Dassau, Eyal Zisser, Howard Javanovic, Lois Doyle, Francis J., III Univ Calif Santa Barbara Dept Chem Engn Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA Sansum Diabet Res Inst Santa Barbara CA 93105 USA

The rate limiting bottleneck in the development of an artificial pancreatic beta cell is currently the control algorithm used to make insulin dosing decisions. In this paper, a solution for the rapid development of a personalized control algorithm was proposed and the methodology was tested on the pilot scale using a physiological model of glucose-insulin kinetics and a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) implementation of an artificial pancreatic beta cell. A model-based controller was developed from the identification tests and was augmented with advanced control strategies. The resulting controller improved glycemia from the open-loop case with no hypoglycemic events and a reduction in time spent hyperglycemic. Robustness issues were addressed with a 50% mismatch in insulin sensitivity from model to plant. The HIL platform provided insight into the effects of sensor drift and practicalities of continuous insulin delivery based on glucose sensor feedback.

关键词： DRUG delivery systems PANCREATIC beta cells ARTIFICIAL cells PROINSULIN DRUG design MEDICAL decision making computer algorithms computer networks ROBUST control CHEMICAL detectors FEEDBACK control systems

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Multiview Sample Classification Algorithm Based on L1-Graph Domain Adaptation Learning

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2015年第1期2015卷 1-8页

作者： Lu, Huibin Hu, Zhengping Gao, Hongxiao Yanshan Univ Sch Informat Sci & Engn Qinhuangdao 066004 Peoples R China

In the case of multiview sample classification with different distribution, training and testing samples are from different domains. In order to improve the classification performance, a multiview sample classification algorithm based on L1-Graph domain adaptation learning is presented. First of all, a framework of nonnegative matrix trifactorization based on domain adaptation learning is formed, in which the unchanged information is regarded as the bridge of knowledge transformation from the source domain to the target domain;the second step is to construct L1-Graph on the basis of sparse representation, so as to search for the nearest neighbor data with self-adaptation and preserve the samples and the geometric structure;lastly, we integrate two complementary objective functions into the unified optimization issue and use the iterative algorithm to cope with it, and then the estimation of the testing sample classification is completed. Comparative experiments are conducted in USPS-Binary digital database, Three-Domain Object Benchmark database, and ALOI database;the experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, which improves the recognition accuracy and ensures the robustness of algorithm.

关键词： computer algorithms GRAPH theory FUNCTIONS (Mathematics) MATHEMATICAL optimization DATA analysis

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Methods for Fault Diagnosability Analysis of a Class of Affine Nonlinear Systems

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2015年第1期2015卷 p1-6页

作者： Peng, Xiafu Lin, Lixiong Zhong, Xunyu Liu, Chengrui Xiamen Univ Dept Automat Xiamen 361005 Peoples R China Sci & Technol Space Intelligent Control Lab Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Beijing Inst Control Engn Beijing 100190 Peoples R China

The fault diagnosability analysis for a given model, before developing a diagnosis algorithm, can be used to answer questions like "can the fault f(i) be detected by observed states?" and "can it separate fault f(i) from fault f(j) by observed states?" If not, we should redesign the sensor placement. This paper deals with the problem of the evaluation of detectability and separability for the diagnosability analysis of affine nonlinear system. First, we used differential geometry theory to analyze the nonlinear system and proposed new detectability criterion and separability criterion. Second, the related matrix between the faults and outputs of the system and the fault separable matrix are designed for quantitative fault diagnosability calculation and fault separability calculation, respectively. Finally, we illustrate our approach to exemplify how to analyze diagnosability by a certain nonlinear system example, and the experiment results indicate the effectiveness of the fault evaluation methods.

关键词： DEBUGGING in computer science SET theory NONLINEAR systems computer algorithms NUMERICAL calculations

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Reducing non-determinism in right nulled GLR parsers

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ACTA INFORMATICA 2004年第6-7期40卷 459-489页

作者： Scott, E Johnstone, A Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll Dept Comp Sci Egham TW20 0EX Surrey England

Tomita's general parsing algorithm is linear on LR(1) grammars but fails to terminate on grammars with hidden left recursion and is not efficient in the presence of epsilon-rules. When Right Nulled (RN) parse tables are used Tomita style GLR algorithms operate correctly and more efficiently on all context free grammars. However, an RN table may contain more conflicts than the corresponding LR table, making the construction of parts of the internal structure redundant. We show that in certain cases conflicts can be removed from an RN table without compromising the correctness of the associated parser. In particular, all conflicts can be removed if the grammar is LR(1). This improves the performance of the parser and allows resolved RN tables for LR(1) grammars to be used with standard (deterministic) LR stack-based parsing algorithms, adding the 'short-circuiting' of right nullable reductions to the armoury of efficient implementation techniques for such algorithms.

关键词： PARSING (computer grammar) computer programming ARTIFICIAL languages computer algorithms COMPUTATIONAL linguistics

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Fractional lion optimization for cluster head-based routing protocol in wireless sensor network

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JOURNAL OF THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE-ENGINEERING AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS 2017年第11期354卷 4457-4480页

作者： Sirdeshpande, Nandakishor Udupi, Vishwanath Gogte Inst Technol Karnatak Law Soc Belgaum Karnataka India

Due to the hopeful application of gathering information from unreachable position, wireless sensor network creates an immense challenge for data routing to maximize the communication with more energy efficiency. In order to design the energy efficient routing, the optimization based clustering protocols are more preferred in wireless sensor network. In this paper, we have proposed competent optimization based algorithm called Fractional lion (FLION) clustering algorithm for creating the energy efficient routing path. Here, the proposed clustering algorithm is used to increase the energy and lifetime of the network nodes by selecting the rapid cluster head. In addition, we have proposed multi-objective FLION clustering algorithm to develop the new fitness function based on the five objectives like intra-cluster distance, inter-cluster distance, cluster head energy, normal nodes energy and delay. Here, the proposed fitness function is used to find the rapid cluster centroid for an efficient routing path. Finally, the performance of the proposed clustering algorithm is compared with the existing clustering algorithms such as low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH), particle swarm optimization (PSO), artificial bee colony (ABC) and Fractional ABC clustering algorithm. The results proved that the lifetime of the wireless sensor nodes is maximized by the proposed FLION based multi-objective clustering algorithm as compared with existing protocols. (C) 2017 The Franklin Institute. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： WIRELESS sensor networks PROGRAM transformation (computer programming) ROUTING protocols (computer network protocols) FRACTIONAL programming computer algorithms

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