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Dynamic Scalable Stochastic Petri Net: A Novel Model for Designing and Analysis of Resource Scheduling in Cloud Computing

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SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING 2016年第1期2016卷 1-13页

作者： He, Hua Pang, Shanchen Zhao, Zenghua Tianjin Univ Sch Comp Sci & Technol Tianjin 300072 Peoples R China China Univ Petr Coll Comp & Commun Engn Qingdao 266580 Peoples R China

Performance evaluation of cloud computing systems studies the relationships among system configuration, system load, and performance indicators. However, such evaluation is not feasible by dint of measurement methods or simulation methods, due to the properties of cloud computing, such as large scale, diversity, and dynamics. To overcome those challenges, we present a novel Dynamic Scalable Stochastic PetriNet (DSSPN) to model and analyze the performance of cloud computing systems. DSSPN can not only clearly depict system dynamic behaviors in an intuitive and efficient way but also easily discover performance deficiencies and bottlenecks of systems. In this study, we further elaborate some properties of DSSPN. In addition, we improve fair scheduling taking into consideration job diversity and resource heterogeneity. To validate the improved algorithm and the applicability of DSSPN, we conduct extensive experiments through Stochastic Petri Net Package (SPNP). The performance results show that the improved algorithm is better than fair scheduling in some key performance indicators, such as average throughput, response time, and average completion time.

关键词： STOCHASTIC Petri nets CLOUD computing computer algorithms KEY performance indicators (Management) PERFORMANCE evaluation

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Intelligence in Ecology: How Internet of Things Expands Insights into the Missing CO₂ Sink

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SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING 2016年第Pt.2期2016卷 4589723.1-4589723.1页

作者： Wang, Wenfeng Chen, Xi Zheng, Hongwei Lv, Zhihan Liu, Zhengjia Qian, Jing Hu, Ping Chinese Acad Sci Xinjiang Inst Ecol & Geog State Key Lab Desert & Oasis Ecol Urumqi 830011 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol High Performance Comp Ctr Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol Ctr Geospatial Informat Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China

Arid region characterizes more than 30% of the Earth's total land surface area and the area is still increasing due to the trends of desertification, yet the extent to which it modulates the global C balance has been inadequately studied. As an emerging technology, IoT monitoring can combine researchers, instruments, and field sites and generate archival data for a better understanding of soil abiotic CO2 uptake in arid region. Images' similarity analyses based on IoT monitoring can help ecologists to find sites where the abiotic uptake can temporally dominate and how the negative soil respiration fluxes were produced, while IoT monitoring with a set of intelligent video recognition algorithms enables ecologists to revisit these sites and the experiments details through the videos. Therefore, IoT monitoring of geospatial images, videos, and associated optimization and control algorithms should be a research priority towards expanding insights for soil abiotic CO2 uptake and a better understanding of how the uptake happens in arid region. Nevertheless, there are still considerable uncertainties and difficulties in determining the overall perspective of IoT monitoring for insights into the missing CO2 sink.

关键词： Intelligence Carbon Dioxide ecology Internet of things Soil respiration Ecologists Videotapes Research Priorities drought computer algorithms

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Decision-Making Algorithm for Multisensor Fusion Based on Grey Relation and DS Evidence Theory

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JOURNAL OF SENSORS 2016年第11-29期2016卷 3954573-3954573页

作者： Ye, Fang Chen, Jie Li, Yibing Kang, Jian Harbin Engn Univ Coll Informat & Commun Engn Harbin 150001 Peoples R China

Decision-making algorithm, as the key technology for uncertain data fusion, is the core to obtain reasonable multisensor information fusion results. DS evidence theory is a typical and widely applicable decision-making method. However, DS evidence theory makes decisions without considering the sensors' difference, which may lead to illogical results. In this paper, we present a novel decision-making algorithm for uncertain fusion based on grey relation and DS evidence theory. The proposed algorithm comprehensively takes consideration of sensor's credibility and evidence's overall discriminability, which can solve the uncertainty problems caused by inconsistence of sensors themselves and complexity of monitoring environment and simultaneously ensure the validity and accuracy of fusion results. The innovative decision-making algorithm firstly obtains the sensor's credibility through the introduction of grey relation theory and then defines two impact factors as sensor's credibility and evidence's overall discriminability according to the focal element analyses and evidence's distance analysis, respectively;after that, it uses the impact factors to modify the evidences and finally gets more reasonable and effective results through DS combination rule. Simulation results and analyses demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can overcome the trouble caused by large evidence conflict and one-vote veto, which indicates that it can improve the ability of target judgment and enhance precision of uncertain data fusion. Thus the novel decision-making method has a certain application value.

关键词： Multisensor data fusion Grey relational analysis computer algorithms Environmental monitoring computer simulation

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Cloud Model Approach for Lateral Control of Intelligent Vehicle Systems

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SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING 2016年第1期2016卷 1-12页

作者： Gao, Hongbo Zhang, Xinyu Liu, Yuchao Li, Deyi Beihang Univ State Key Lab Software Dev Environm Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ State Key Lab Automot Safety & Energy Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Informat Technol Ctr Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Inst Elect Syst Engn Beijing 100039 Peoples R China

Studies on intelligent vehicles, among which the controlling method of intelligent vehicles is a key technique, have drawn the attention of industry and the academe. This study focuses on designing an intelligent lateral control algorithmfor vehicles at various speeds, formulating a strategy, introducing the Gauss cloud model and the cloud reasoning algorithm, and proposing a cloud control algorithm for calculating intelligent vehicle lateral offsets. A real vehicle test is applied to explain the implementation of the algorithm. Empirical results show that if the Gauss cloud model and the cloud reasoning algorithm are applied to calculate the lateral control offset and the vehicles drive at different speeds within a direction control area of +/- 7 degrees, a stable control effect is achieved.

关键词： AUTOMATIC systems in automobiles AUTOMOBILE testing SPEED of automobiles CLOUD computing computer algorithms GAUSSIAN processes

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An Active Learning Classifier for Further Reducing Diabetic Retinopathy Screening System Cost

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COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2016年第1期2016卷 1-10页

作者： Zhang, Yinan An, Mingqiang Beijing Inst Technol Sch Comp Sci & Technol Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Tianjin Univ Sci & Technol Coll Comp Sci & Informat Engn Tianjin 300222 Peoples R China Tianjin Univ Sci & Technol Coll Sci Tianjin 300222 Peoples R China

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening system raises a financial problem. For further reducing DR screening cost, an active learning classifier is proposed in this paper. Our approach identifies retinal images based on features extracted by anatomical part recognition and lesion detection algorithms. Kernel extreme learning machine (KELM) is a rapid classifier for solving classification problems in high dimensional space. Both active learning and ensemble technique elevate performance of KELM when using small training dataset. The committee only proposes necessary manual work to doctor for saving cost. On the publicly available Messidor database, our classifier is trained with 20%-35% of labeled retinal images and comparative classifiers are trained with 80% of labeled retinal images. Results show that our classifier can achieve better classification accuracy than Classification and Regression Tree, radial basis function SVM, Multilayer Perceptron SVM, Linear SVM, and K Nearest Neighbor. Empirical experiments suggest that our active learning classifier is efficient for further reducing DR screening cost.

关键词： Active learning DIAGNOSIS Tissues -- Wounds & injuries computer algorithms Kernel (computer software) Medical care costs Radial basis functions Diabetic retinopathy

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An Ultra-Lightweight Encryption Scheme in Underwater Acoustic Networks

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JOURNAL OF SENSORS 2016年第3-14期2016卷 1-10页

作者： Peng, Chunyan Du, Xiujuan Li, Keqin Li, Meiju Qinghai Normal Univ Sch Comp Sci Xining 810008 Qinghai Peoples R China SUNY Coll New Paltz Dept Comp Sci New Paltz NY 12561 USA

We tackle a fundamental security problem in underwater acoustic networks (UANs). The S-box in the existing block encryption algorithm is more energy consuming and unsuitable for resources-constrained UANs. In this paper, instead of S-box, we present a lightweight, 8-round iteration block cipher algorithm for UANs communication based on chaotic theory and increase the key space by changing the number of iteration round. We further propose secure network architecture of UANs. By analysis, our algorithmcan resist brute-force searches and adversarial attacks. Simulation results show that, compared with traditional AES-128 and PRESENT algorithms, our cryptographic algorithm can make a good trade-off between security and overhead, has better energy efficiency, and applies to UANs.

关键词： Underwater acoustics Data encryption (computer science) Energy consumption computer algorithms computer simulation

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A New Energy-Efficient Coverage Control with Multinodes Redundancy Verification in Wireless Sensor Networks

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JOURNAL OF SENSORS 2016年第12-7期2016卷 1-11页

作者： Sun, Zeyu Li, Chuanfeng Xing, Xiaofei Wang, Huihui Luoyang Inst Sci & Technol Sch Comp & Informat Engn Luoyang 471023 Henan Peoples R China Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Xian 710049 Shaanxi Peoples R China Queens Univ Belfast Sch Elect Elect Engn & Comp Sci Belfast BT95AH Antrim North Ireland Guangzhou Univ Sch Comp Sci & Educ Software Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong Peoples R China Jacksonville Univ Dept Engn 2800 Univ Blvd N Jacksonville FL 32211 USA

The target nodes are k-covered by the sensor nodes;there will be a lot of redundant data forcing the phenomenon of congestion which lowers the network communication capability and coverage and accelerates network energy consumption. Therefore, this paper proposes an energy-efficient coverage control with multinodes redundancy verification (ECMRV). The algorithm constructs the coverage network model by using the positional relationship among the sensor nodes, and the proof procedure of the sector coverage expected value of the monitoring area also has been provided. On the aspect of the energy consumption, this paper gives the proportion of energy conversion functions between the working sensor nodes and the neighboring sensor nodes. And by using the function proportional to schedule the sensor nodes with low energy, we achieve the energy balance of the whole network and the optimization of the network resources. Finally, the simulation experiments indicate that this algorithm can not only improve the quality of network coverage, but completely inhibit the rapid energy consumption of the sensor nodes as well;as a result, the network lifetime extends, which has verified availability and stability of the algorithm in the paper.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Energy consumption Wireless sensor nodes Redundancy (Engineering) computer algorithms

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Bulk Restoration for SDN-Based Transport Network

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SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING 2016年第1期2016卷 1-8页

作者： Zhao, Yang Wang, Lei Chen, Xue Yang, Futao Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun State Key Lab Informat Photon & Opt Commun Beijing 100876 Peoples R China Anshan Normal Univ Sch Phys Sci & Technol Anshan 114007 Peoples R China

We propose a bulk restoration scheme for software defined networking- (SDN-) based transport network. To enhance the network survivability and improve the throughput, we allow disrupted flows to be recovered synchronously in dynamic order. In addition backup paths are scheduled globally by applying the principles of load balance. We model the bulk restoration problem using a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) formulation. Then, a heuristic algorithm is devised. The proposed algorithm is verified by simulation and the results are analyzed comparing with sequential restoration schemes.

关键词： SOFTWARE-defined networking (computer network technology) computer network management DATA transmission systems MIXED integer linear programming computer algorithms

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RESH: A Secure Authentication Algorithm Based on Regeneration Encoding Self-Healing Technology in WSN

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JOURNAL OF SENSORS 2016年第6-29期2016卷 2098680-2098680页

作者： Liang, Wei Ruan, Zhiqiang Wang, Yuntao Chen, Xiaoyan Xiamen Univ Technol Dept Software Engn Xiamen 361024 Fujian Peoples R China Minjiang Univ Dept Comp Sci Fuzhou 350108 Peoples R China Fujian Prov Key Lab Informat Proc & Intelligent C Fuzhou 350116 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Informat Engn Beijing 100093 Peoples R China

In the real application environment of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the uncertain factor of data storage makes the authentication information be easily forged and destroyed by illegal attackers. As a result, it is hard for secure managers to conduct forensics on transmitted information in WSN. This work considers the regeneration encoding self-healing and secret sharing techniques and proposes an effective scheme to authenticate data in WSN. The data is encoded by regeneration codes and then distributed to other redundant nodes in the form of fragments. When the network is attacked, the scheme has the ability against tampering attack or collusion attack. Furthermore, the damaged fragments can be restored as well. Parts of fragments, encoded by regeneration code, are required for secure authentication of the original distributed data. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme reduces hardware communication overhead by five percent in comparison. Additionally, the performance of local recovery achieves ninety percent.

关键词： computer access control computer algorithms computer security Encoding Wireless sensor networks Application software

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Focusing of Spotlight Tandem-Configuration Bistatic Data with Frequency Scaling Algorithm

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION 2016年第11-6期2016卷 3251082-3251082页

作者： Chen, Shichao Liu, Ming Wang, Jun Lu, Fugang Xing, Mengdao 203 Res Inst China Ordnance Ind Xian 710065 Peoples R China Minist Educ Key Lab Modern Teaching Technol Xian 710119 Peoples R China Shaanxi Normal Univ Sch Comp Sci Xian 710119 Peoples R China Xidian Univ Key Lab Radar Signal Proc Xian 710071 Peoples R China

A frequency scaling (FS) imaging algorithmis proposed for spotlight bistatic SAR data processing. Range cell migration correction (RCMC) is realized through phasemultiplication. The proposed algorithm is insensitive to the length of the baseline due to the high precision of the point target (PT) spectrum that we are based on. It is capable of handling bistatic SAR data with a large baseline to range ratio. The algorithms suitable for small and high squint angles are both discussed according to whether the range dependence of the second range compression (SRC) can be neglected or not. Simulated experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： Bistatic radar computer algorithms Electronic data processing computer simulation Magnetic flux compression

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