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PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE 1988年第8期76卷 863-868页

作者： ROSENFELD, A Center for Auton. Res. Maryland Univ. College Park MD

The author provides a general introduction to computer vision. He discusses basic techniques and computer implementations, and also indicates areas in which further research is needed. He focuses on two-dimensional object recognition, i.e. recognition of an object whose spatial orientation, relative to the viewing direction is known

关键词： basic techniques computer implementations computer vision computer vision two-dimensional object recognition

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Planning a teacher staff competence structure robust to unexpected personnel absence

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2019年第13期52卷 2740-2745页

作者： Szwarc, Eryk Bocewicz, Grzegorz Irena-Bach-Dabrowska Dept. of Computer Science and Management Koszalin University of Technology Poland Finance and Management Faculty WSB University of Gdansk al. Grunwaldzka 238A Gdansk80-266 Poland

Teachers' absences are a common disruption to the provision of academic courses. They make it necessary to modify teacher assignment, which amounts to finding suitable substitutions. Sometimes it happens that the competences of the available teachers, with given constraints, e.g. teaching hour limits, are not sufficient to find an admissible assignment modification. Therefore, it is desirable to develop a so-called robust teaching staff competence structure. In the case of teachers' absences, a robust competence structure is a structure that allows one to find a modification of the assignment under every possible scenario of disruption. In other words, the following question is considered: does there exist, and if so, what is the competence structure robust to the disruption caused by an unexpected personnel absence? The number of potential solution variants is related to the number of competences that can be improved. For each variant, there could exist many cases of teacher absence (absence of one teacher, two teachers, etc.). Moreover, for these, there could also exist many assignment modification variants. This an NP-hard problem. In the context of the scale of problems encountered in practice, searching for solutions using well-known algorithms (based on an exhaustive search) is a time-consuming process which does not guarantee that an admissible solution will be found. In the present study, a sufficient condition is proposed, the fulfilment of which guarantees the existence of a non-empty set of admissible solutions. Declarative modelling and computer implementation in the form of constraint logic programming (CLP) have been applied. The potential of the proposed solution is illustrated with examples. © 2019, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Logic programming computer programming languages NP hard Personnel Robustness (control systems) Academic course computer implementations Constraint Logic Programming Declarative modelling Sufficient condition Teacher absence Teacher assignment Teaching staff

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Semantics in analogical reasoning

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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence 1991年第2期3卷 145-159页

作者： Hunt, William T. McLeish, Mary Department of Computing and Information Science University of Guelph Guelph ON NIG 2W Canada

To have broad application or approach the capacity of ordinary human thinking, analogical reasoning programs must become more complex or their semantics must become richer, or both. Little research is being done to discover what a broad collection of semantics can contribute to general-purpose analogical reasoning. From an analysis of a small collection of words, two classes containing over 300 categories are determined representing the semantics for understanding metaphors. A broad-based collection of simple target is source metaphors is sampled with each target and source represented in terms of these categories without known influence from the respective metaphor. A computational model is developed drawing on several disciplines while using rules for the recognition and elaboration phases of reasoning. Recognition primarily involves finding and reorganizing relevant schemata within the source. Elaboration involves reorganizing and possibly adding to the target. Given each metaphor, the TisS computer program creates a new representation of each target and source including several meanings for each metaphor. A test with human subjects making aptness and agreement judgements on the generated statements is discussed, suggesting a methodology for using a rich semantic base in analogical reasoning. © 1991 Taylor and Francis Ltd.

关键词： Analogical reasoning Analogy computer implementations Human subjects Metaphor Semantics Thesaurus

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