Service-oriented software is being hailed as the next revolutionary approach to software development. It allows organizations to rapidly form new software applications dynamically to meet changing business needs, thus...
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Service-oriented software is being hailed as the next revolutionary approach to software development. It allows organizations to rapidly form new software applications dynamically to meet changing business needs, thus alleviating the problems of software evolution that occur with traditional applications. The largest of these problems is understanding the existing software before it is changed. This article looks ahead at the issues involved in the automated construction of service-oriented software. While service orientation certainly helps solve some aspects of the evolution problem, software comprehension takes a new and potentially more challenging role.
Complexity, multidisciplinarity, and algorithmic inherency are characteristics of construction robotic systems. Controlling the development process of such systems requires the adoption of a development model based on...
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Complexity, multidisciplinarity, and algorithmic inherency are characteristics of construction robotic systems. Controlling the development process of such systems requires the adoption of a development model based on Systems Engineering principles. The software-development process is an important aspect of the system, which requires a development environment that can cope with this complexity. Using traditional programming languages (textual) requires highly trained programmers for this purpose, which involves high cost and long development time. In the present work Graphical Programming (iconic) is used as the software development environment because it is highly modular and allows concurrent development, both of which save on time and cost. It also enables nonexpert programmers to produce software capable of coping with the system complexity. A detailed case study of the software development process for an existing tool manipulation robot known as Starlifter is presented. Use of the Lab VIEW package is demonstrated for both onboard system control and off-line project management.
The scarcity of information technology workers has been widely acknowledged(see [2, 7]). With the downturn in the U.S. economy and the widespread failures of many dot-corncompanies, the extreme labor shortage appears ...
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The scarcity of information technology workers has been widely acknowledged(see [2, 7]). With the downturn in the U.S. economy and the widespread failures of many dot-corncompanies, the extreme labor shortage appears to be easing somewhat. However, the longstandingtechnology labor crunch is by no means over. Demand remains for workers with knowledge ofspecialized technology languages, such as Java and XML programming.
Software offers greater value when it's a single unfragmented solution, it's widely used and technically sophisticated, and a great many programmers depend on it. For software meeting these criteria, open sour...
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Software offers greater value when it's a single unfragmented solution, it's widely used and technically sophisticated, and a great many programmers depend on it. For software meeting these criteria, open source software has had notable successes. But most software doesn't fit this mold. Consider software embedded in an airplane or telephone switch or nuclear plant, where programmers have no access to the facilities needed for testing and refinement; indeed, in situ debugging can be life-threatening. Open source doesn't apply here. More generally, many applications have few programmers among their users. programmers have little direct motivation to solve somebody else's problem, but financial incentives are a good substitute. Nonprogrammer users shouldn't be testers and debuggers; they need stable working solutions, not technical acumen.
The article examines how the proliferation and availability of open source is affecting software development practices. The open source community gives a rich base of reusable software, typically available at the cost...
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The article examines how the proliferation and availability of open source is affecting software development practices. The open source community gives a rich base of reusable software, typically available at the cost of downloading the code from the Internet. Source code's availability lets software developers perpetually improve, fix and support reused elements. This factor often mitigates the risk of orphaned components or incompatible evolution paths that are associated with the reuse of proprietary components. INSET: Further Reading List..
No matter what kind of globalization of IT one considers—whether off-shoringthe work or importing foreign workers to the U.S. under the H-1B and L-1 work visa programs—thelosers are U.S. programmers as well as the o...
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No matter what kind of globalization of IT one considers—whether off-shoringthe work or importing foreign workers to the U.S. under the H-1B and L-1 work visa programs—thelosers are U.S. programmers as well as the overall U.S. economy. Here, I explain why and proposeremedies that should be taken to address these problems. One might expect offshoring to producegreater savings than just labor importation, in terms of IT development costs. However, once thecosts of agency overhead and communication links are factored in, the magnitude of cost savings forthe two models—exporting work overseas and importing workers to the U.S.—are actually quitesimilar. Though programmer salaries in India are relatively low, the overall cost savings foroffshoring tends to range from 15% to 40%. This is about the same range of savings accrued for workdone in the U.S. by hiring H-1Bs. A number of studies have found that the H-1Bs are paid on average15% to 33% less than comparable U.S. IT workers. Given the similarity in salary savings betweenoffshoring and labor importation, and the fact that having the work done on-site is far moreproductive, it is much more cost-effective from a CEO's point of view to hire H-1Bs than to offshorethe work.
Job seeking three-dimensional-graphics programmers find eBay a useful gimmick. Among movie industry insiders, software engineer Gus Grubba is regarded as part pioneer, part magician. Using the eBay handle 'Team of...
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Job seeking three-dimensional-graphics programmers find eBay a useful gimmick. Among movie industry insiders, software engineer Gus Grubba is regarded as part pioneer, part magician. Using the eBay handle 'Team offshored,' they let online bidders duke it out to purchase exclusive rights to negotiate a contract with them. While the scheme was not an instant success, it eventually paid off after the San Jose Mercury-News and other media outlets started writing about the team's advertisement. It will not be the last time a group of engineers finds itself in the situation that Grubba's team was in this year. Clearly, the problems associated with outsourcing are more than a temporary trend. This article discusses the programmers' venture into the reality of outsourcing.
Software globalization affects build-versus-buy decisions at every level and phase of the software development process. One of the most interesting and controversial instances of software globalization is the expansio...
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Software globalization affects build-versus-buy decisions at every level and phase of the software development process. One of the most interesting and controversial instances of software globalization is the expansion of Linux, an open source operating system, into software development efforts in developing countries. This article examines the positive and negative effects of adopting Linux and ways to achieve the greatest overall benefits.
This paper examines the role of the state in the context of globalization. Taking up the specific case of Indian software engineers and their migration to the USA, the authors show the involvement of the Indian state ...
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This paper examines the role of the state in the context of globalization. Taking up the specific case of Indian software engineers and their migration to the USA, the authors show the involvement of the Indian state and the US at different levels. The growth of the IT labour sector was based on changes in the higher education policy of the Indian state while the large-scale migration of IT workers from India required changes in the immigration policies of the US. The authors argue that these policy changes reflect how nation-states alter their national policies to meet the demands of the global economy. Equally important, the authors show that the policy changes are indicative of the unique political context and culture of each country. In the case of India, the education policy changes relate to caste politics while the immigration policy of the USA shares the legacy of US race politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Many researchers have recommended the focus-window tracking (FWT) technique to study the course of information acquisition and visual attention. In FWT, the stimulus is blurred, and the subject scans for information b...
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Many researchers have recommended the focus-window tracking (FWT) technique to study the course of information acquisition and visual attention. In FWT, the stimulus is blurred, and the subject scans for information by moving a clear window with a computer mouse. We show that poor calibration of the blur filter will bias search behavior in FWT because diagnostically useful information may leak through a filter even though the subjects are unaware of it. To provide a valid index of information acquisition, FWT requires an information filter that is calibrated to the task.
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