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Eric Ed371726: Report on the Effectiveness of Technology in Schools, 1990-1994

2016年

Eric Ed371726: Report on the Effectiveness of Technology in Schools, 1990-1994. by Eric; published by

关键词： academic achievement comparative analysis computer software development computer uses in education courseware ed371726: educational environment educational research educational technology effectiveness elementary secondary education eric archive instructional effectiveness intermode differences literature reviews report schools, student attitudes teacher attitudes teacher student relationship

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Light-Weight and Versatile Monitor for a Self-Adaptive software Framework for IoT Systems

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JOURNAL OF SENSORS 2016年第25-30期2016卷 1-8页

作者： Kim, Young-Joo Seok, Jong-Soo Jung, YungJoon Ha, Ok-Kyoon Elect & Telecommun Res Inst Embedded SW Platform Res Sect Deajeon 34129 South Korea Kyungwoon Univ Dept Aeronaut & Software Engn Gumi 39160 South Korea

Today, various Internet of Things (IoT) devices and applications are being developed. Such IoT devices have different hardware (HW) and software (SW) capabilities;therefore, most applications require customization when IoT devices are changed or new applications are created. However, the applications executed on these devices are not optimized for power and performance because IoT device systems do not provide suitable static and dynamic information about fast-changing systemresources and applications. Therefore, this paper proposes a light-weight and versatile monitor for a self-adaptive software framework to automatically control system resources according to the system status. The monitor helps running applications guarantee low power consumption and high performance for an optimal environment. The proposed monitor has two components: a monitoring component, which provides real-time static and dynamic information about system resources and applications, and a controlling component, which supports real-time control of system resources. For the experimental verification, we created a video transport system based on IoT devices and measured the CPU utilization by dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) for the monitor. The results demonstrate that, for up to 50 monitored processes, the monitor shows an average CPU utilization of approximately 4% in the three DVFS modes and demonstrates maximum optimization in the Performance mode of DVFS.

关键词： Internet of things Self-adaptive software computer software development Electric potential Resource management

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Automated Residential Demand Response Based on Advanced Metering Infrastructure Network

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISTRIBUTED SENSOR NETWORKS 2016年第2期2016卷 4234806-4234806页

作者： Seo, Jongkwan Jin, Ju Kim, Jin Young Lee, Jae-Jo Korea Electrotechnol Res Inst Ansan 15588 South Korea Kwangwoon Univ Seoul 01897 South Korea

Demand response (DR) is a major contributor to grid stabilization during peak times. As the scope and functions of DR increase, DR participation of residential customers has attracted great attention. The main issue of DR design for the residential sector is to build an integrated network for exchange of DR signals between the utility operator and home users who want to participate in DR services at various locations. In this paper, we introduce an automated residential DR model based on advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) network. The internationally recognized standard protocol, known as the open automated demand response version 2.0 (OpenADR 2.0), is applied to realize a fully automated DR (ADR). In order to utilize existing AMI devices as ADR resources, the smart meter is modified while retaining current structure and functions, and various ADR devices are developed based on OpenADR 2.0 protocol. Simulation and demonstration tests are conducted to confirm conformance of the protocol and to verify load variations of home appliances under our ADR model. The developed software programs have obtained an international certification from the OpenADR Alliance.

关键词： INFORMATION superhighway computer networks computer software development computer simulation FUNCTIONS (Mathematics)

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Mining software Repositories for Automatic Interface Recommendation

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SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING 2016年第1期2016卷 1-11页

作者： Sun, Xiaobing Li, Bin Duan, Yucong Shi, Wei Liu, Xiangyue Yangzhou Univ Sch Informat Engn Yangzhou 225127 Jiangsu Peoples R China Nanjing Univ State Key Lab Novel Software Technol Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu Peoples R China Hainan Univ Haikou 570228 Peoples R China

There are a large number of open source projects in software repositories for developers to reuse. During software development and maintenance, developers can leverage good interfaces in these open source projects and establish the framework of the new project quickly when reusing interfaces in these open source projects. However, if developers want to reuse them, they need to read a lot of code files and learn which interfaces can be reused. To help developers better take advantage of the available interfaces used in software repositories, we previously proposed an approach to automatically recommend interfaces by mining existing open source projects in the software repositories. We mainly used the LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation) topic model to construct the Feature-Interface Graph for each software project and recommended the interfaces based on the Feature-Interface Graph. In this paper, we improve our previous approach by clustering the recommending interfaces on the Feature-Interface Graph, which can recommend more accurate interfaces for developers to reuse. We evaluate the effectiveness of the improved approach and the results show that the improved approach can be more efficient to recommend more accurate interfaces for reuse over our previous work.

关键词： computer software development software maintenance DATA mining OPEN source software computer interfaces

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The Multiple Meanings of a Flowchart

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INFORMATION & CULTURE 2016年第3期51卷 321-351页

作者： Ensmenger, Nathan Indiana Univ Sch Informat & Comp Bloomington IN 47405 USA

From the very earliest days of electronic computing, flowcharts have been used to represent the conceptual structure of complex software systems. In much of the literature on software development, the flowchart serves as the central design document around which systems analysts, computer programmers, and end users communicate, negotiate, and represent complexity. And yet the meaning of any particular flowchart was often highly contested, and the apparent specificity of such design documents rarely reflected reality. Drawing on the sociological concept of the boundary object, this article explores the material culture of software development with a particular focus on the ways in which flowcharts served as political artifacts within the emerging communities of practices of computer programming.

关键词： FLOW charts computer software development computer programmers computer programming

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Creators of Pioneering software and Clinical Services Company Look Back and to the Future

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Chance 2016年第3期29卷 51页

作者： Evans, Scott Cytel Inc. MIT

In an interview, Cytel Inc co-founder and president Cyrus Mehta and co-founder, chairman and CTO Nitin Patel talked about their background, the challenges of developing and maintaining Cytel, and what they have learned on their journey. Mehta said they are both from Bombay, India, and went to high school and undergraduate college in Bombay, followed by graduate studies at MIT. He got his bachelor's degree in Civil Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, and my master's and PhD in Operations Research at MIT. Patel said one of the initiatives they started 15 years ago was setting up a software development team in India. The Indian Statistical Institute was established in 1931 by Professor P.C. Mahalanobis and since then, there has been a strong academic tradition in statistics in India. Mehta added that after about 15 years of exclusive reliance on software and NIH grants for their revenues, it became evident to him that they had to expand their business model if they wanted to grow.

关键词： computer software development BUSINESS enterprises

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Extracting Accurate Precursor Information for Tandem Mass Spectra by Raw Converter

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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2015年第22期87卷 11361-11367页

作者： He, Lin Diedrich, Jolene Chu, Yen-Yin Yates, John R., III Scripps Res Inst Dept Physiol Chem La Jolla CA 92037 USA Natl Cent Univ Dept Commun Engn Taoyuan 32001 Taiwan

Extraction of data from the proprietary RAW files generated by Thermo Fisher mass spectrometers is the primary step for subsequent data analysis. High resolution and high mass accuracy data obtained by state-of-the-art mass spectrometers (e.g., Orbitraps) can significantly improve both peptide/protein identification and quantification. We developed RawConverter, a stand-alone software tool, to improve data extraction on RAW files from high-resolution Thermo Fisher mass spectrometers. RawConverter extracts full scan and MS n data from RAW files like its predecessor RawXtract;most importantly, it associates the accurate precursor mass-tocharge (m/z) value with the tandem mass spectrum. RawConverter accepts RAW data generated by either data-dependent acquisition (DDA) or data-independent acquisition (DIA). It generates output into MS1/MS2/MS3, MGF, or mzXML file formats, which fulfills the format requirements for most data identification and quantification tools. Using the tandem mass spectra extracted by RawConverter with corrected m/z values, 32.8%, 27.1%, and 84.1%, peptide spectra matches (PSMs) produce 17.4% (13.0%), 14.4% (11.5%), and 45.7% (36.2%) more peptide (protein) identifications than ProteoWizard, pXtract, and RawXtract, respectively. RawConverter is implemented in C# and is freely accessible at http://***/rawconv.

关键词： computer software development MASS spectrometry RESEARCH DATA extraction PEPTIDES PROTEIN research

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Detecting Copy Directions among Programs Using Extreme Learning Machines

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2015年第1期2015卷 1-15页

作者： Wang, Bin Yang, Xiaochun Wang, Guoren Northeastern Univ Coll Informat Sci & Engn Liaoning 110819 Peoples R China

Because of the complexity of software development, some software developers may plagiarize source code from other projects or open source software in order to shorten development cycle. Many methods have been proposed to detect plagiarism among programs based on the program dependence graph, a graph representation of a program. However, to our best knowledge, existing works only detect similarity between programs without detecting copy direction among them. By employing extreme learning machine (ELM), we construct feature space for describing features of every two programs with possible plagiarism relationship. Such feature space could be large and time consuming, so we propose approaches to construct a small feature space by pruning isolated control statements and removable statements from each program to accelerate both training and classification time. We also analyze the features of data dependencies between any original program and its copy program, and based on it we propose a feedback framework to find a good feature space that can achieve both accuracy and efficiency. We conducted a thorough experimental study of this technique on real C programs collected from the Internet. The experimental results show the high accuracy and efficiency of our ELM-based approaches.

关键词： MACHINE learning OPEN source software computer software development REPRESENTATIONS of graphs MATHEMATICAL analysis

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Composite-Level Conflict Detection in UML Model Versioning

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2015年第1期2015卷 1-9页

作者： Zhang, Zu Zhang, Renwei Qin, Zheng Tsinghua Univ Sch Software Engn Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

At present, model-driven engineering plays an essential role in software development. Model versioning systems perform the task of conflict detection when merging parallel-developed model versions. However, conflict detection is typically conducted at the primitive operation level in operation-based systems. This situation implies that the overall intention of model developers may be disregarded, which results in unsatisfactory performance. In this study, we present an approach to conflict detection at the composite level in model versioning systems for Unified Modeling Language. This approach has two main stages. During the preprocessing stage, redundant operations are removed from the originally recorded operation lists to increase efficiency. During the conflict detection stage, a fragmentation procedure is conducted with only potentially conflicted operations allocated into the same fragment. Then, a pattern-matching strategy is applied to help indicate conflicts.

关键词： UML (computer science) computer software development ELECTRONIC data processing PARALLEL computers computer software developers

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Programming the Quantum Future

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COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM 2015年第8期58卷 52-61页

作者： Valiron, Benoit Ross, Neil J. Selinger, Peter Alexander, D. Scott Smith, Jonathan M. Univ Paris Sud Engn Sch CentraleSupelec Paris France Univ Paris Sud Comp Sci Lab Paris France Dalhousie Univ Halifax NS Canada Dalhousie Univ Math Halifax NS Canada Appl Commun Sci Basking Ridge NJ USA Univ Penn Engn & Appl Sci Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Univ Penn Comp & Informat Sci Philadelphia PA 19104 USA

THE EARLIEST computerS, like the ENIAC, were rare and heroically difficult to program. That difficulty stemmed from the requirement that algorithms be expressed in a "vocabulary" suited to the particular hardware available, ranging from function tables for the ENIAC to more conventional arithmetic and movement operations on later machines. Introduction of symbolic programming languages, exemplified by FORTRAN, solved a major difficulty for the next generation of computing devices by enabling specification of an algorithm in a form more suitable for human understanding, then translating this specification to a form executable by the machine. The "programming language" used for such specification bridged a semantic gap between the human and the computing device. It provided two important features: high-level abstractions, taking care of automated bookkeeping, and modularity, making it easier to reason about sub-parts of programs.

关键词： QUANTUM computing computer science QUANTUM computers computer algorithms computer software development PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)

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