The authors propose a new technique for parallelizations of tangent linear and adjoint codes, which were applied in the redevelopment for the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with its Advanced Research WRF...
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The authors propose a new technique for parallelizations of tangent linear and adjoint codes, which were applied in the redevelopment for the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with its Advanced Research WRF dynamic core using the automatic differentiation engine. The tangent linear and adjoint codes of the WRF model (WRFPLUS) now have the following improvements: A complete check interface ensures that developers write accurate tangent linear and adjoint codes with ease and efficiency. A new technique based on the nature of duality that existed among message passing interface communication routines was adopted to parallelize the WRFPLUS model. The registry in the WRF model was extended to automatically generate the tangent linear and adjoint codes of the required communication operations. This approach dramatically speeds up the softwaredevelopment cycle of the parallel tangent linear and adjoint codes and leads to improved parallel efficiency. Module interfaces were constructed for coupling tangent linear and adjoint codes of the WRF model with applications such as four-dimensional variational data assimilation, forecast sensitivity to observation, and others.
One of the fundamental and complex problems of designing a nuclear power plant is developing a control system that incorporates many concurrently operating subsystems. At present, the control systems of nuclear power ...
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One of the fundamental and complex problems of designing a nuclear power plant is developing a control system that incorporates many concurrently operating subsystems. At present, the control systems of nuclear power plants are developed using programmable logic controllers (devices), which comprise specialized mini-computers. The behavior of a device is determined by its functional software, which must satisfy stringent reliability requirements and match the technical task assigned to the designer. To avoid algorithmic errors during the design process, the functional software of a device is first tested on a mathematical model of an object of the control system.
An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various reports within the issue on topics including problem frames, softwaredevelopment and problem models.
An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various reports within the issue on topics including problem frames, softwaredevelopment and problem models.
The article discusses issues related to creating a model in a source language by employing some concrete modeling tools and various frameworks. It is stated that classic activities of softwaredevelopment need to be r...
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The article discusses issues related to creating a model in a source language by employing some concrete modeling tools and various frameworks. It is stated that classic activities of softwaredevelopment need to be rethought due to change in coding activity. It is also suggested to perform automation for speeding up the development process.
To analyze the behavior of the optical thickness of aerosols or the ratio of the optical thicknesses of the aerosol and gas components in the spectral absorption bands of atmospheric gases with depth, we developed a s...
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To analyze the behavior of the optical thickness of aerosols or the ratio of the optical thicknesses of the aerosol and gas components in the spectral absorption bands of atmospheric gases with depth, we developed a software package. The package structure includes the units for the following operations: (1) to calculate the Legendre expansion coefficients x (i) of the phase function and the volume scattering coefficient sigma(0) of the polydisperse medium with the specified refractive index and the size distribution function N(r) with the use of the code developed by M.I. Mishchenko;(2) to generate the array containing the pairs of the single scattering albedo omega and the geometric albedo A (g) for the models of a semi-infinite homogeneous medium with the parameters determined in the previous step;(3) to determine the single scattering albedo values from the comparison of the calculated and measured values of the geometric albedo for each of the measured points in the examined absorption band of the atmospheric gas (accounting for the change of the phase function due to Rayleigh scattering);(4) to calculate the spectral values of the effective optical depths tau(eff) of the levels, where the intensity field of light diffusely reflected by the investigated atmosphere is formed;(5) to derive the scattering and absorption components of the effective optical depth (tau (eff) (s) and tau (eff) (v) ) from the values of omega and tau(eff);(6) from the values of tau (eff) (v) to determine the amount of the absorbing gas NL (in km-amg) along the line of sight and, from these values, the atmospheric pressure p(NL) and the gas component of the scattering portion of the optical depth tau (g) (lambda(0)) at the wavelength lambda(0) = 887.2 nm;(7) from the values of tau (eff) (s) (lambda) and tau (g) (lambda, NL), to find the aerosol component tau (a) (lambda, NL);(8) to build the plots of tau (a) (lambda) or the ratio tau (a) (lambda)/tau (g) (lambda) reduced to lambda(0) = 88
Students, fisheries professionals, and the general public may value computer-facilitated assistance for fish identification and access to ecological and life history information. We developed SuperIDR, a software pack...
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Students, fisheries professionals, and the general public may value computer-facilitated assistance for fish identification and access to ecological and life history information. We developed SuperIDR, a software package supporting such applications, by utilizing the search and data retrieval capabilities of digital libraries, as well as key features of tablet PCs. We demonstrated SuperIDR utilizing a database with information on 207 freshwater fishes of Virginia. A user may annotate fish images and identify fishes by using a dichotomous key;searching for key words, similar images, subimages, or annotations on images;or combinations of these approaches. Students using the software demonstrated enhanced ability to correctly identify specimens. Their comments led to improvements, including the addition of new features. The PC-based system for identifying freshwater fishes of Virginia may be downloaded and modified. SuperIDR is a prototype for PC-based species identification applications-the system architecture and the open-source software that we developed are applicable to other fish faunas and to a broader range of species identification tasks.
The automated mapping of program functionality to intuitive user interfaces is a highly challenging task. Nevertheless it is a promising way to significantly improve software quality by simplifying the development pro...
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The automated mapping of program functionality to intuitive user interfaces is a highly challenging task. Nevertheless it is a promising way to significantly improve software quality by simplifying the development process. This paper describes a method for a declarative and fully automated creation of graphical user interfaces from Java objects, i.e. the information accessible via the Java Reflection API. For this purpose we created the Visual Reflection Library (VRL). VRL interfaces are able to represent complex workflows and allow for a certain degree of visual programming. We start by describing an application: the development of an interactive user interface for the simulation system UG. By shortly discussing the requirements for such an interface, we will explain the reasons for creating VRL and the benefits we gained from it. After that we give an overview of our methods and show several applications. We end by summarizing our results and giving a future outlook.
The development of more effective medical simulators requires a collaborative team effort where three kinds of expertise are carefully coordinated: (1) exceptional medical expertise focused on providing complete and a...
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The development of more effective medical simulators requires a collaborative team effort where three kinds of expertise are carefully coordinated: (1) exceptional medical expertise focused on providing complete and accurate information about the medical challenges (i.e., critical skills and knowledge) to be simulated;(2) instructional expertise focused on the design of simulation-based training and assessment methods that produce maximum learning and transfer to patient care;and (3) softwaredevelopment expertise that permits the efficient design and development of the software required to capture expertise, present it in an engaging way, and assess student interactions with the simulator. In this discussion, we describe a method of capturing more complete and accurate medical information for simulators and combine it with new instructional design strategies that emphasize the learning of complex knowledge. Finally, we describe three different types of software support (development/Authoring, Run Time, and Post Run Time) required at different stages in the development of medical simulations and the instructional design elements of the software required at each stage. We describe the contributions expected of each kind of software and the different instructional control authoring support required.
software pervades every domain of science (1–3), perhaps nowhere more decisively than in modeling. In key scientific areas of great societal importance, models and the software that implement them define both how sci...
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software pervades every domain of science (1–3), perhaps nowhere more decisively than in modeling. In key scientific areas of great societal importance, models and the software that implement them define both how science is done and what science is done (4, 5). Across all science, this dependence has led to concerns around the need for open access to software (6, 7), centered on the reproducibility of research (1, 8–10). From fields such as high-performance computing, we learn key insights and best practices for how to develop, standardize, and implement software (11). Open and systematic approaches to the development of software are essential for all sciences. But for many scientists this is not sufficient. We describe problems with the adoption and use of scientific software.
The article discusses the advantages, disadvantages, and popularity of open-source software (OSS) and open source content management systems (OSCMSs) among electronic content and digital publishing providers as of Jan...
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The article discusses the advantages, disadvantages, and popularity of open-source software (OSS) and open source content management systems (OSCMSs) among electronic content and digital publishing providers as of January, 2013. Topics include licensing fees, softwaredevelopment and flexibility, and OSCMS maintenance and support. Comments from the content managers and businessmen Mark Goodnight, Mike O'Connor, and Todd Barr are included.
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