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Automated estimation of rock fragment distributions using computer vision and its application in mining

IEE PROCEEDINGS-vision image AND SIGNAL processing 2005年第1期152卷 1-8页

作者： Salinas, RA Raff, U Farfan, C Univ Santiago Chile Dept Elect Engn Santiago Chile Univ Santiago Chile Dept Phys Santiago Chile

Size distribution of rock fragments obtained from blasting and crushing in the mining industry has to be monitored for optimal control of a variety of processes before reaching the final grinding, milling and the froth flotation processes. Whenever feasible, mechanical sieving is the routine procedure to determine the cumulative rock weight distribution on conveyor belts or free falling off the end of transfer chutes. This process is tedious and very time consuming, even more so if a complete set of sieving meshes is used. A computer vision technique is proposed based on a series of segmentation, filtering and morphological operations specially designed to determine rock fragment sizes from digital images. The final step uses an area-based approach to estimate rock volumes. This segmentation technique was implemented and results of cumulative rock volume distributions obtained from this approach were compared to the mechanical fragment distributions. The technique yielded rock distribution curves which represents an alternative to the mechanical sieving distributions.

关键词： mechanical fragment distribution milling Mathematical analysis Machining computer vision grinding rocks cumulative rock weight distribution Materials handling equipment image segmentation conveyor belt optimal control computer vision and image processing techniques grinding process mechanical sieving distribution morphological operation segmentation technique Mining, oil drilling and natural gas industries Optical, image and video signal processing rock fragment distribution automated estimation transfer chutes Computing in other engineering fields conveyors filtering theory froth flotation process Industrial applications of IT mining industry filtering operation milling process mathematical morphology digital image

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Design of a robust and secure digital signature scheme for image authentication over wireless channels

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IET INFORMATION SECURITY 2009年第1期3卷 1-8页

作者： Saad, S. M. Univ Alexandria Dept Informat Technol Inst Grad Studies & Res Alexandria Egypt

The introduction of 3G wireless communication systems, together with the invasive distribution of digital images and the growing concern on their originality triggers an emergent need of authenticating images received by unreliable channels, such as public Internet and wireless networks. To meet this need, a content-based image authentication scheme that is suitable for an insecure network and robust to transmission errors is proposed. The proposed scheme exploits the scalability of a structural digital signature in order to achieve a good trade off between security and image transfer for networked image applications. In this scheme, multi-scale features are used to make digital signatures robust to image degradations and key-dependent parametric wavelet filters are employed to improve the security against forgery attacks. This scheme is also able to distinguish tampering areas in the attacked image. Experimental results show the robustness and validity of the proposed scheme.

关键词： wireless channels multiscale features Filtering methods in signal processing networked image application 3G wireless communication system telecommunication security computer vision and image processing techniques image and video coding image coding Integral transforms digital signatures secure digital signature scheme wavelet transforms feature extraction key-dependent parametric wavelet filter filtering theory forgery attack wireless channel Data security content-based image authentication scheme 3G mobile communication Mobile radio systems

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Efficient and consistent method for superellipse detection

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-vision image AND SIGNAL processing 2001年第4期148卷 227-233页

作者： Hu, WC Sheu, HT Natl Penghu Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci & Informat Engn Makung City Penghu Penghu Taiwan Natl Taiwan Univ Sci & Technol Dept Elect Engn Sect 4 Taipei Taiwan

Superellipses are a flexible representation for a variety of objects and the detection of such a primitive is an interesting issue in machine vision research. Least-mean-square fitting using an algebraic distance has been suggested to determine the parameters of a superellipse, but the computational cost is high and a high curvature bias problem is involved. An efficient, consistent and threshold-free scheme is derived for the estimation of superellipse parameters. The closed solutions for the centre, orientation and squareness parameters are obtained by using the zeroth harmonic of its Fourier description, the consistent symmetric axis method and the theorem of diagonal segment, respectively. Only the lengths of the major and the minor axes are repeatedly estimated by Powell's conjugate direction technique to reduce the sensitivity of noise. The proposed method is suitable for use on relatively complete, closed superellipse curves. Both convex and concave superellipses have been considered, and a compensation technique is suggested for concave superellipses. Experiments with complete and disjoint superellipses, defective superellipses and superellipses extracted from a photograph of a real object indicate the efficiency, accuracy and reliability of the proposed method, both theoretically and practically.

关键词： orientation least mean squares methods least-mean-square fitting squareness parameters computational cost superellipse parameters estimation signal detection Simulation, modelling and identification algebraic distance computer vision parameter estimation complete superellipses threshold-free scheme real object photograph defective superellipses superellipse detection compensation technique Graphics techniques centre diagonal segment theory computer vision and image processing techniques disjoint superellipses Interpolation and function approximation (numerical analysis) reliability curve fitting Optical, image and video signal processing closed superellipse curves zeroth harmonic consistent symmetric axis method machine vision research curvature bias problem consistent method Powell's conjugate direction technique concave superellipses efficient method convex superellipses closed solutions object representation noise sensitivity reduction accuracy Fourier description

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Colourisation in Yxy colour space for purple fringing correction

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IET image processing 2012年第7期6卷 891-900页

作者： Lee, D. -K. Kim, B. -K. Park, R. -H. Sogang Univ Dept Elect Engn Sch Engn Seoul 121742 South Korea

Purple fringing is an undesirable colour artefact in images acquired from digital cameras. As digital cameras are getting smaller these days with supporting high-quality images, purple fringing has become a serious problem. This study proposes an effective purple fringing correction method using colourisation in the Yxy colour space. In the proposed method, a chromaticity diagram-based method is used to detect the purple fringed region (PFR), and then this region is corrected by colourisation. The colours of intact pixels near the PFR are set to those of the seed pixels. Experimental results using a number of test images with purple fringing show that the regions, which are corrected by the proposed method, look more natural to human observers than those that are corrected by other existing methods.

关键词： digital cameras PFR detection human observers seed pixels purple fringed region detection image sensors computer vision and image processing techniques object detection chromaticity diagram-based method purple fringing correction method Optical, image and video signal processing colour artefact image colour analysis cameras intact pixels Yxy colour space

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Integration graph attention network and multi-centre constrained loss for cross-modality person re-identification (vol 17, pg 76, 2023)

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IET computer vision 2023年第6期17卷 722-722页

作者： He, D. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Wireless Mobile Communications and Power Transmission Tianjin Normal University Tianjin China Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Strathclyde Glasgow UK

Cross‐modality person re‐identification is a challenging task due to the large visual appearance difference between RGB and infrared images. Existing studies mainly focus on learning local features and ignore the correlation between local features. In this paper, the Integration Graph Attention Network is proposed to learn the completed correlation between local features via the graph structure. To this end, the authors learn the coarse‐fine attention weights to aggregate the local features by considering local detail and global information. Furthermore, the Multi‐Centre Constrained Loss is proposed to optimise the feature similarity by constraining the centres of modality and identity. It simultaneously utilises three kinds of centre constraints, that is intra‐identity centre constraint, modality centre constraint, and inter‐identity centre constraint, in order to reduce the influence of modality information explicitly. The proposed method is evaluated on two standard benchmark datasets, that is SYSU‐MM01 and RegDB, and the results demonstrate that the authors’ method achieves better performance than the state‐of‐the‐art methods, for example, surpassing NFS by 4.8% and 6.0% mAP on the single‐shot setting in All‐search and Indoor‐search modes, respectively.

关键词： feature extraction visual appearance difference modality centre constraint local features learning (artificial intelligence) intra-identity centre constraint inter-identity centre constraint RGB images Machine learning (artificial intelligence) coarse-fine attention weights cross-modality person re-identification Indoor-search modes feature similarity modality information computer vision and image processing techniques standard benchmark datasets completed correlation RegDB centre constraints infrared images image recognition graph theory SYSU-MM01 single-shot setting integration graph attention network graph structure infrared imaging multicentre constrained loss image colour analysis Combinatorial mathematics

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Error concealment for motion-compensated interpolation

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IET image processing 2010年第3期4卷 195-210页

作者： Wu, Y. Swamy, M. N. S. Ahmad, M. O. Concordia Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Ctr Commun & Signal Proc Montreal PQ H3G 1M8 Canada

Motion-compensated interpolation is usually employed at the receiver end in order to improve the quality of the video, when a low-bit-rate video is encoded in conjunction with frame dropping. The authors propose a scheme that can exploit the block-based motion vector field available at the decoder to avoid the complex motion estimation. The scheme is based on an iterative refinement technique that employs the finite-element method to efficiently conceal the interpolation errors caused by unfilled holes or overlapped pixels in the predicted frames. As a consequence, no pixel classification is needed in the proposed scheme, thus reducing substantially the computational complexity. The scheme is capable of concealing the errors in the homogeneous regions as well as in regions containing sharp edges. The proposed scheme is simulated with the original frames of a number of test sequences, as well as implemented with the H.264/AVC decoded frames. The results from these extensive simulations show that the proposed scheme results in reconstructed frames having a better visual quality and a lower computational complexity than the existing schemes.

关键词： pixel classification finite element method motion compensation complex motion estimation computer vision and image processing techniques image and video coding decoder frame dropping block-based motion vector field visual quality motion-compensated interpolation video coding error handling H.264/AVC decoded frames low bit rate video error concealment Video signal processing iterative refinement technique computational complexity video quality interpolation errors

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Spatial-domain image hiding using image differencing

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-vision image AND SIGNAL processing 2000年第1期147卷 29-37页

作者： Wu, DC Tsai, WH Natl Chiao Tung Univ Dept Comp & Informat Sci Hsinchu 30050 Taiwan Ming Chuan Univ Dept Informat Management Taipei 111 Taiwan

A method to embed a secret image into a cover image is proposed. The method is based on the similarity among the grey values of consecutive image pixels as well as the human visual system's variation insensitivity from smooth to contrastive. A stego-image is produced by replacing the grey values of a differencing result obtained from the cover image with those of a differencing result obtained from the secret image. The process preserves the secret image with no loss and produces the stego-image with low degradation. Moreover, a pseudorandom mechanism is used to achieve cryptography. It is found from experiment that the peak values of signal-to-noise ratios of the method are high and that the resulting stego-images are imperceptible, even when the size of the secret image is about a half of the cover image.

关键词： cryptography image differencing cover image stego-image signal-to-noise ratios Cryptography secret image embedding method degradation consecutive image pixels image processing Optical, image and video signal processing Data security computer vision and image processing techniques spatial-domain image hiding pseudorandom mechanism human visual system's variation insensitivity

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Infrared imaging enhancement through local window-based saliency extraction with spatial weight

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IET image processing 2021年第12期15卷 2910-2925页

作者： Li, Tong Zhao, Jufeng Wu, Xiaohui Mao, Haifeng Cui, Guangmang Hangzhou Dianzi Univ Zhejiang Prov Key Lab Equipment Elect Hangzhou Peoples R China Hangzhou Dianzi Univ Sch Elect & Informat Hangzhou Peoples R China

Infrared image enhancement is an effective way to solve contrast reduction or details degradation in infrared imagery. An infrared enhancement approach based on local saliency extraction is proposed here. First, saliency maps are extracted within a local window by combining spatial weight. Second, with the change of the window size, potential targets and details in different sizes can be extracted. Considering window sizes as the scales, the saliency maps are obtained and infrared images are enhanced at different scales, and finally, multi-scale fusion is used to achieve the enhancement. Eight popular infrared enhancement approaches are introduced for comparison. Subjective qualitative observation experiments show that our strategy based on local saliency analysis and multi-scale fusion can well extract potential targets and areas of varying size from the source images with different sizes, to obtain a good enhancement effect. Meanwhile, we introduce six objective evaluation methods to measure the results, and the evaluation data to prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The experiments also indicate the real-time processing capability of the proposed method. The proposed method is finally well applied in the hardware system and shows its good performance.

关键词： Optical, image and video signal processing computer vision and image processing techniques

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A low-light image enhancement method based on bright channel prior and maximum colour channel

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IET image processing 2021年第8期15卷 1759-1772页

作者： Sandoub, Ghada Atta, Randa Ali, Hesham Arafat Abdel-Kader, Rabab Farouk Port Said Univ Dept Elect Engn Fac Engn Port Said 42523 Egypt Mansoura Univ Fac Engn Dept Comp Engn & Syst Mansoura Egypt

Low-light image enhancement algorithms have been introduced to improve the visual quality of low-light images that may degrade the performance of many computer vision and multimedia systems designed for high-quality images. However, the existing bright channel prior and maximum colour channel enhancement algorithms introduce halo artifacts and colour distortions while enhancing the images. To overcome these limitations, in this paper, an effective fusion-based low-light image enhancement algorithm is proposed. In the proposed algorithm, the illumination of the low-light image is estimated from both the bright and maximum colour channels to overcome the halo artifacts and colour distortion problems. Further, an effective refinement method is utilized to improve the sharpness of the initial enhanced image representing the scene reflectance. Experiment results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithms qualitatively and quantitatively. Moreover, the proposed algorithm reduces the halo artifacts and colour distortion and enhances the details while preserving the naturalness.

关键词： halo artifacts computer vision and image processing techniques maximum colour channel enhancement algorithms high-quality images fusion-based low-light image enhancement algorithm computer vision Optical, image and video signal processing image enhancement colour distortion problems image colour analysis multimedia systems

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引用

IET image processing 2021年第12期15卷 2770-2786页

作者： Aouissaoui, Ichraf Bakir, Toufik Sakly, Anis Univ Monastir Natl Engn Sch Lab Automat & Elect Syst & Environm Monastir Tunisia Univ Burgundy Lab Imaging & Artificial Vis 9 Ave Alain Savary BP Dijon France

Medical images include confidential and sensitive information about patients. Hence, ensuring the security of these images is a crucial requirement. This paper proposes an efficient and secure medical image encryption-decryption scheme based on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), one-dimensional chaotic maps (tent and logistic maps), and hash functions (SHA-256 and MD5). The first part of the proposed scheme is the key generation based on the hash functions of the image and its metadata. The key then is highly related and intensely sensitive to the original image. The second part is the rotation and permutation of the first two MSB bit-plans of the medical image to reduce its black background that produces redundant DNA encoded sequences. The third part is the DNA encoding-decoding using dynamically chosen DNA rules for every 2-bit pixel value through the logistic map. Meanwhile, the confusion-diffusion is performed using the tent map and XOR operation. Simulation results and security analysis prove the good encryption effects of the proposed scheme compared to the state-of-art methods with a correlation of 6.66617e-7 and a very large key space of 2(624). Furthermore, the proposed system has a strong ability to resist various common attacks such as chosen/known-plaintext attacks and cropping/noise attacks.

关键词： Medical and biomedical uses of fields, radiations, and radioactivity health physics Cryptography image and video coding Biomedical measurement and imaging computer vision and image processing techniques Data security Patient diagnostic methods and instrumentation Biology and medical computing

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