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Machine vision algorithms that learn

COMPUTING AND CONTROL ENGINEERING 2004年第5期15卷 30-31页

作者： Voosen, K National Instruments

Machine vision systems, whether running embedded or on a desktop PC, are becoming more powerful as the hardware components that comprise them increase in performance. This has allowed for more complex algorithms to be developed that can learn, see, identify, and guide. Learning algorithms for machine vision are essential for many of the applications that require inspection and guidance. These algorithms typically require some type of learning step before the actual inspection can take place. Some of the algorithms that fall into this category include pattern matching, geometric matching, colour matching, colour pattern matching, classification and optical character recognition (OCR). Many industries rely on these algorithms to speed-up manufacturing, increase yields, and improve quality.

关键词： Pattern recognition optical character recognition computer vision Control applications in manufacturing processes pattern matching geometric matching inspection machine vision system learning algorithm Optical, image and video signal processing computer vision and image processing techniques automatic optical inspection industrial control colour pattern matching

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Self-conjugate watermarking technique for halftone images

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2003年第4期39卷 356-358页

作者： Fu, MS Au, OC Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol Dept Elect & Elect Engn Hong Kong Peoples R China

A novel method for hiding visual patterns in a single error diffused halftone image is presented, called self-conjugate error diffusion (SCED). The hidden patterns appear on the halftone image when the halftone image is folded or is overlapped with its own related version. Simulation results show that the halftone images have good visual quality and the hidden pattern is clearly visible.

关键词： message authentication image overlapping visual pattern hiding hidden patterns NXOR operation Boolean operations image and video coding rotated version halftone images image coding image folding watermarking data encapsulation self-conjugate watermarking technique computer vision and image processing techniques self-conjugate error diffusion

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Algorithm for 3D reconstruction with both visible and missing

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2003年第23期39卷 1640-1642页

作者： Tang, L Wu, CK Tsui, HT Liu, SG Xidian Univ ISN Natl Key Lab Xian 710071 Peoples R China Chinese Univ Hong Kong Dept Elect Engn Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China

A novel algorithm for 3D reconstruction from image sequences is presented. Global optimisation is applied to a rough model by minimising the back projection errors in each image. Different weights are added to disting... 详细信息

关键词： global optimisation Interpolation and function approximation (numerical analysis) occluded points computer vision weighting matrix partial structures rough 3D model virtual cameras optimisation missing data 3D reconstruction algorithm real images computer vision and image processing techniques image reconstruction Optical, image and video signal processing visible points iterative methods Optimisation techniques back projection errors iteration image sequences image recognition

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Back on the cards [ID cards]

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IEE Review 2003年第11期49卷 22-23页

作者： D. Ross IEE UK

The UK's ID card is another piece of good news for the bullish biometrics sector but industry figures are now urging caution. The proposed card's changing shape since 1995 reflects the development of technology in that time: from magnetic stripes to smartcards with digital photos and biometric parameters such as facial recognition, iris scans or fingerprints. The biometrics industry is excited because such schemes could drive biometrics to the mass market. However, there are problems with implementing such schemes which are briefly discussed in this article.

关键词： facial recognition fingerprints iris scans smartcards biometrics industry Other computer peripheral equipment ID card Other fields of business and administrative computing digital photos identification technology fingerprint identification face recognition smart cards computer vision and image processing techniques biometric parameters

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Digital cinema: a slow revolution

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IEE Review 2003年第10期49卷 46-50页

作者： R. Dettmer

Digital cinema offers a high-quality image, unaffected by repeated showings. So why can't you see it at your local multiplex? The explanation for this apparent impasse is a combination of technical complexity and an industry structure that's fundamentally antipathetic to investment in digital technology. A lack of common standards is another major part of the answer. Resolution has become a big issue in the digital cinema debate, but in comparing digital cinema and conventional celluloid it's only part of a complex picture. Once the problem of standards has been overcome, the industry will be able to get down to the really big challenge: sorting out the business case. Digital cinema will produce sizeable savings, but will also require massive levels of investment. Digital cinema has suffered from hype in the past, and the technical and commercial barriers remain formidable, but a cautious optimism may now be justified as the UK and China prepare to invest in this new medium.

关键词： large data file entertainment standards cinematography digital technology commercial barriers digital video broadcasting technical complexity DLP technology digital cinemas digital projector Telecommunication applications business case image processing technical barriers industry structure computer vision and image processing techniques optical projectors investment common standards Radio and television broadcasting digital cinema

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Adaptive image enhancement for retinal blood vessel segmentation

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2002年第19期38卷 1090-1091页

作者： Lin, TS Zheng, YB S China Univ Technol Dept Elect & Commun Engn Guangzhou Peoples R China Univ Virginia Dept Elect & Comp Engn Charlottesville VA 22903 USA

Retinal blood vessel images are enhanced by removing the nonstationary background, which is adaptively estimated based on local neighbourbood information. The result is a much better segmentation of the blood vessels ... 详细信息

关键词： Optical, image and video signal processing adaptive image enhancement image segmentation blood vessels security applications personal identification local neighbourhood information eye retinal blood vessel images image enhancement nonstationary background removal computer vision and image processing techniques

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image compression using wavelets and JPEG2000: a tutorial

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ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING JOURNAL 2002年第3期14卷 112-121页

作者： Lawson, S Zhu, J Univ Warwick Sch Engn Coventry CV4 7AL W Midlands England

The demand for higher and higher quality images transmitted quickly over the Internet has led to a strong need to develop better algorithms for the filtering and coding of such images. The introduction of the JPEG2000 compression standard has meant that for the first time the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is to be used for the decomposition and reconstruction of images together with an efficient coding scheme. The use of wavelets implies the use of subband coding in which the image is iteratively decomposed into high- and low-frequency bands. Thus there is a need for filter pairs at both the analysis and synthesis stages. This paper aims in tutorial form to introduce the DWT, to illustrate its link with filters and filterbanks and to illustrate how it may be used as part of an image coding algorithm. It concludes with a look at the qualitative differences between images coded using JPEG2000 and those coded using the existing JPEG standard.

关键词： Integral transforms in numerical analysis tutorial image decomposition filtering subband coding high-frequency bands discrete wavelet transform filtering theory data compression Internet JPEG2000 FIR filters image coding low-frequency bands computer vision and image processing techniques image compression filterbanks image reconstruction channel bank filters transform coding discrete wavelet transforms image and video coding Filtering methods in signal processing DWT

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Rate-driven key frame selection using temporal variation of visual content

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2002年第5期38卷 217-218页

作者： Lee, HC Kim, SD Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Elect Engn Yusong Gu Taejon 305701 South Korea

A simple and fast method to select the assigned number of key frames in a video shot is presented. The algorithm selects the key frames so that the temporal variation of visual content within a video shot is equally distributed to each hey frame. Simulation results on a real video sequence are in agreement with the human visual perception.

关键词： visual content temporal variation distribution Optical, image and video signal processing visual content temporal variation simulation video shot key frame selection video shot representative frames video signal processing visual content human visual perception Video signal processing visual perception rate-driven key frame selection image representation video sequence computer vision and image processing techniques image sequences video representation

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Detection of microcalcifications in mammograms using local maxima and adaptive wavelet transform analysis

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2002年第22期38卷 1311-1313页

作者： Bagci, AM Cetin, AE Bilkent Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn TR-06533 Ankara Turkey

A method for computer-aided diagnosis of microcalcification clusters in mammogram images is presented. Microcalcification clusters which are an early sign of breast cancer appear as isolated bright spots in mammograms. Therefore they correspond to local maxima of the image. The local maxima of the image is first detected and they are ranked according to a higher-order statistical test performed over the subband domain data.

关键词： filterbank structure microcalcification clusters Integral transforms in numerical analysis computer-aided diagnosis medical image processing isolated bright spots Interpolation and function approximation (numerical analysis) Patient diagnostic methods and instrumentation subband domain data higher-order statistical test local maxima higher order statistics Numerical approximation and analysis X-ray techniques: radiography and computed tomography (biomedical imaging/measurement) Biology and medical computing breast cancer X-rays and particle beams (medical uses) computer vision and image processing techniques wavelet transforms Optical, image and video signal processing adaptive wavelet transform analysis mammogram images mammography least mean square algorithm least mean squares methods

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Map data watermarking using generalised square mask

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2002年第25期38卷 1645-1646页

作者： Kang, HI Kim, KI Choi, JU Myongji Univ Dept Informat Engn Yongin 449728 Kyunggi Do South Korea Myongji Univ Dept Elect Engn Next Generat Power Technol Ctr Yongin 449728 Kyunggi Do South Korea MarkAny Inc Seoul 100400 South Korea

An algorithm for watermark insertion and extraction on the vector image, such as map data, is presented. Most parts of the vector image, such as map data, consist of the array of the coordinate values. At first, the image is partitioned into blocks with the same area and every vertex coordinate value within a block is changed to a new coordinate value with an origin at the south-west vertex of the mask belonging to the associated block. According to the value of watermark, the insertion area is different. Unlike the work by Sakamoto et al, it should be possible to use a square mask of arbitrary size. The mask of the Sakamoto et al.'s, work is specific since the length of the mask is 2(R) - 1 where R = 1, 2,...., n. It is also shown that the proposed method is superior to the previous work against noise attack.

关键词： map data watermarking noise attack image and video coding noise data compression image coding generalised square mask feature extraction watermark extraction algorithm watermarking square mask vertex coordinate vector image Data security watermark insertion algorithm south-west vertex computer vision and image processing techniques

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