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Sparse representation based intraframe and semi-intraframe video coding schemes for low bitrates

IET image processing 2021年第5期15卷 1128-1143页

作者： Irannejad, Maziar Mahdavi-Nasab, Homayoun Islamic Azad Univ Digital Proc & Machine Vis Res Ctr Najafabad Branch Najafabad Iran Islamic Azad Univ Dept Elect Engn Najafabad Branch Najafabad Iran

This paper proposes some extensions of the successful sparse coding of still images to intraframe and semi-intraframe video coding. The presented frameworks apply the efficient K-singular value decomposition and recursive least squares dictionary learning methods for sparse representation of videos to study their coding performances. In the proposed semi-intraframe schemes, namely, SISC1 and SISC2, only frame-blocks with more than a threshold deviation from the blocks of the previous frame are transmitted/coded. This reduces the required bitrate and prevents the sparse coding of similar blocks, leading to more efficient video coding methods. The results show that the dictionary learning-based intraframe coding improves the rate-distortion performance of the conventional Motion-JPEG and Motion-JPEG2000 at low bitrates for more than about 3 and 0.5 dB of PSNR on average (for 0.2-1 bpp compression), respectively. The proposed methods outperform the basic dictionary learning-based coding, especially for slower changing videos, generally, with more than 3 dB superiority on average over the tested bitrates. These schemes even present superior performance than the HEVC in the intramode for the complex textured or cluttered scenes. The proposed SISC2 method also saves up to about 50% of the sparse coding computational cost by preventing the coding of more similar frame-blocks.

关键词： Algebra image and video coding computer vision and image processing techniques Video signal processing Algebra

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Artefact-free image stitching via a better normed seam-cutting energy function

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IET image processing 2021年第6期15卷 1371-1381页

作者： Qiu, Xiangyan Li, Qiaoliang Hunan Normal Univ Sch Math & Stat MOE LCSM Changsha 410081 Hunan Peoples R China

image stitching, as the important field of computer graphics and vision, has received much attention in recent years. image stitching techniques are generally decomposed into two phases: image alignment, which aligns target images with the reference images;and image composition, which fixes ghosting and visual artefacts. This work aims to propose a new strategy for the seam-cutting method which provides visually appealing result. Seam-cutting is one of the most influential methods in image composition, which can relieve artefacts and produce plausible results. However, it is observed that the state-of-the-art seam-cutting approaches usually lead to undesirable seams in some challenging scenes. Here, the authors put forward a novel seam-cutting method by defining a new energy function. This method uses 5/2 power of L1 norm as a colour difference which can magnify the weight of colour distinction to avoid undesirable seams and artefacts. The proposed method can be easily implemented. The test images are collected from the public available challenging datasets and taken by ourselves. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can create comparable or even better stitching results compared to other state-of-the-art seam-cutting approaches.

关键词： image alignment reference images image registration Patient diagnostic methods and instrumentation influential methods image colour analysis image recognition Biology and medical computing computer vision and image processing techniques visual artefacts undesirable seams computer graphics Optical, image and video signal processing image segmentation image matching visually appealing result stitching results plausible results feature extraction novel seam-cutting method image composition medical image processing artefact-free image stitching target images state-of-the-art seam-cutting approaches normed seam-cutting energy function image stitching techniques test images

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Keypoint based comprehensive copy-move forgery detection

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IET image processing 2021年第6期15卷 1298-1309页

作者： Diwan, Anjali Sharma, Rajat Roy, Anil K. Mitra, Suman K. DA IICT Gandhinagar 382007 Gujarat India

Verifying the authenticity of a digital image has been challenging problem. The simplest of the image tampering tricks is the copy-move forgery. In copy-move forgery copied portion of the image is pasted on another part of the same image. Geometrical transformations are used on the copied portions of the image before pasting it for the tampered image to look realistic and visually convincing. To make it more complex, other processing approaches may also be applied in the forged region for hiding traces of forgery. These processings are the scale, rotation, JPEG compression, and AWGN. In this paper, an approach based on features of the CenSurE keypoint detector and FREAK descriptor is proposed. This combination has novelty in itself as it has never been used for this purpose before to the best of authors' literature studies. CenSurE detectors are fast and give stable and accurate output even in the case of rotated images, which we club with binary descriptor FREAK. Hierarchical clustering and Neighbourhood search is applied in such a way that it can locate and detect multiple copy-move forgeries. The authors are hopeful that the proposed approach may be used in real-time image authentication and copy-move forgery detection.

关键词： Optical, image and video signal processing image and video coding image recognition computer vision and image processing techniques

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Detecting hand washing activity among activities of daily living and classification of WHO hand washing techniques using wearable devices and machine learning algorithms

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HEALTHCARE TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2021年第6期8卷 148-158页

作者： Zhang, Yiyuan Xue, Tianwei Liu, Zhenjie Chen, Wei Vanrumste, Bart Katholieke Univ Leuven E Media Res Lab B-3000 Leuven Belgium Katholieke Univ Leuven Dept Elect Engn STADIUS Leuven Belgium Fudan Univ Sch Informat Sci & Technol Ctr Intelligent Med Elect Shanghai Peoples R China

During COVID-19, awareness of proper hand washing has increased significantly. It is critical that people learn the correct hand washing techniques and adopt good hand washing habits. Hence, this study proposes using wearable devices to detect hand washing activity among other daily living activities (ADLs) and classify steps proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Two experiments were conducted with 16 participants, aged from 20 to 31. The first experiment was hand washing following WHO regulation (ten participants), and the second experiment was performing eight ADLs (eight participants). All participants wore two wearable devices equipped with accelerometers and gyroscopes;one on each wrist. Four machine learning classifiers were compared in classifying hand washing steps in the leave-one-subject-out (LOSO) mode. The SVM model with Gaussian kernel achieved the best performance in classifying 11 washing hands steps, with an average F1-score of 0.8501. When detected among the other ADLs, hand washing following WHO regulation obtained the F1-score of 0.9871. The study demonstrates that wearable devices are feasible to detect hand washing activity and the hand washing techniques as well. The classification results of getting the soap and rubbing thumbs are low, which will be the main focus in the future study.

关键词： classify steps accelerometers machine learning classifiers hand washing activity gyroscopes learning (artificial intelligence) support vector machines Biology and medical computing computer vision and image processing techniques proper hand washing Other topics in statistics good hand washing habits correct hand washing techniques pattern classification hands steps wearable devices

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Precision agriculture intelligent connection network based on visual navigation

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IET NETWORKS 2023年第4期12卷 167-178页

作者： Chen, Sudan Zhang, Mingkun Li, Xiuzhen Li, Xueqiang Liu, Wanying Ji, Baofeng Henan Univ Sci & Technol Coll Hort & Plant Protect Luoyang Peoples R China Henan Univ Sci & Technol Coll Informat Engn Luoyang Peoples R China Longmen Lab Luoyang Peoples R China

In the process of contemporary agricultural production, the application of intelligent connection and automatic navigation technology of modern agricultural machinery is increasingly common. The application of visual navigation technology in the field of intelligent connection of agricultural machines can provide accurate and reliable positioning signals for agricultural machines so as to carry out intelligent and automatic agricultural machinery operations. In order to realise precision agricultural operation and intelligent navigation, a network of combining decision-making by using visual navigation recognition and image processing is proposed. The system design mainly includes two parts: visual navigation system and control network. Agricultural machinery uses monocular vision image acquisition to collect farmland image. The computer analyzes the image, extracts the navigation centreline, obtains the navigation path information, and completes the identification and positioning of the navigation path. The simulation process verifies that the designed image navigation precision agricultural intelligent connection network can provide efficient, precise, and intelligent control of agricultural machinery.

关键词： navigation centreline control network agricultural machinery monocular vision image acquisition Mobile robots intelligent control path planning automatic agricultural machinery operations image navigation precision agricultural intelligent connection network Agriculture, forestry and fisheries computing Optical, image and video signal processing computer vision and image processing techniques mobile robots automatic navigation technology precision agricultural operation navigation intelligent machinery operations image processing Robotics Control applications in agriculture Agriculture intelligent navigation modern agricultural machinery navigation path information agricultural machines contemporary agricultural production decision making robot vision agriculture Information technology applications Spatial variables control visual navigation recognition positioning signals

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Effect of the hand on cellular phone radiation

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-MICROWAVES ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION 2001年第4期148卷 247-253页

作者： Francavilla, M Schiavoni, A Bertotto, P Richiardi, G Telecom Italia Lab TILAB I-10148 Turin Italy

To investigate the electromagnetic radiation effects of holding a cellular phone, an anatomical model of the hand is introduced based on magnetic resonance imaging where I I different tissues are recognised. A hand-held phone was placed close to an anatomical model of the head in the intended use position compliant with the European standard. A commercial dual-band GSM cellular phone was modelled in its real configuration, a CAD model was generated by using a specific procedure and the SAR inside the user's hand and head evaluated. The influence of the hand holding a phone on RF exposure for testing compliance with international standards limits is shown. The procedure provides cellular phone antenna designers with a methodology that can take into account dosimetry constraints from the first design stages of new cellular phones. Experimental measurements confirming the computed results and validating the consistency of the suggested methodology are presented.

关键词： dual-band GSM cellular phone dosimetry constraints electromagnetic radiation effects dosimetry CAD magnetic resonance imaging Biology and medical computing cellular phone antenna international standards limits CAD model cellular phone radiation Mobile radio systems tissues European standard head anatomical model biological tissues biological effects of fields electromagnetic wave absorption computer vision and image processing techniques biomedical MRI Medical equipment and supplies industry hand anatomical model hand-held phone Optical, image and video signal processing Design Telephone stations Biomedical magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy health hazards specific absorption rate RF exposure compliance testing medical image processing SAR measurements cellular radio telephone sets Radiation protection and dosimetry

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Down-sampling template curve to accelerate LDDMM-curve with application to shape analysis of the corpus callosum

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HEALTHCARE TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2021年第3期8卷 78-83页

作者： Huang, Weikai Tang, Xiaoying Southern Univ Sci & Technol Dept Elect & Elect Engn Shenzhen Guangdong Peoples R China

Large deformation diffeomorphic metric mapping for curve (LDDMM-curve) has been widely used in deformation based statistical shape analysis of the mid-sagittal corpus callosum. A main limitation of LDDMM-curve is that it is time-consuming and computationally complex. In this study, down-sampling strategies for accelerating LDDMM-curve are investigated and tested on two large datasets, one on Alzheimer's disease (155 Alzheimer's disease, 325 mild cognitive impairment and 185 healthy controls) and the other on first-episode schizophrenia (92 first-episode schizophrenia and 106 healthy controls). For both datasets a variety of down-sampling factors are tested in terms of registration accuracy, registration speed, and most importantly disease-related patterns. Experimental results revealed that down-sampling template curve by a factor of 2 can significantly reduce the running time of LDDMM-curve without sacrificing the registration accuracy. Also, the disease-induced patterns, or more specifically the group comparison results, were almost identical before and after down-sampling. It is also shown that there was no need to down-sample the target population curves but only the single template curve of the study of interest. Comprehensive analyses were conducted.

关键词： down-sampling template curve statistical analysis image registration Patient diagnostic methods and instrumentation neurophysiology diseases brain Biology and medical computing computer vision and image processing techniques Other topics in statistics biomedical MRI Optical, image and video signal processing 106 healthy controls cognition 155 Alzheimer's disease Biomedical magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy 185 healthy controls LDDMM-curve deformation based statistical shape analysis medical image processing medical disorders target population curves Probability theory, stochastic processes, and statistics Medical magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy single template curve

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Automatic pattern recognition by similarity representations

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2001年第3期37卷 159-160页

作者： Pekalska, E Duin, RPW Delft Univ Technol Dept Appl Phys Pattern Recognit Grp NL-2628 CJ Delft Netherlands

The automatic recognition of objects may benefit from using a similarity representation instead of the traditional approach based on features. It is shown that the common use of nearest neighbour classifiers For similarity representations may be improved significantly by other classification rules with respect to recognition accuracy as well as computational complexity.

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Object oriented face detection using colour transformation and range segmentation

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 1998年第10期34卷 979-980页

作者： Kim, SH Kim, HG Tchah, KH KIST Imaging Media Res Ctr Seongbuk Gu Seoul South Korea Korea Univ Dept Elect Engn Seongbuk Gu Seoul South Korea Korea Univ Dept Elect Engn Seongbuk Gu Seoul South Korea

A range segmentation technique using a matching pixel count (MPC) disparity histogram is combined with the generalised facial colour distribution (GFCD) skin-colour transform technique to provide robust multiple facia... 详细信息

关键词： object oriented face detection skin-colour transform technique background environment generalised facial colour distribution image segmentation image coding matching pixel count Codes range segmentation colour transformation Pattern recognition Optical information, image and video signal processing face recognition disparity histogram Information theory depth-range selectivity computer vision and image processing techniques

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Fast spatial combinative lifting algorithm of wavelet transform using the 9/7 filter for image block compression

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2000年第21期36卷 1766-1767页

作者： Meng, HY Wang, ZH Tsing Hua Univ Dept Elect Engn Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

A new fast spatial combinative lifting algorithm (SCLA) of the wavelet transform using the 9/7 filter for image block compression is proposed. In comparison with its lifting-based implementation, the number of multipl... 详细信息

关键词： wavelet transforms fast spatial combinative lifting algorithm filtering theory image block compression data compression image and video coding computer vision and image processing techniques Integral transforms in numerical analysis Filtering methods in signal processing image coding 9/7 filter multiplications reduction matrix algebra Linear algebra (numerical analysis) Signal processing theory wavelet transform

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