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Extraction of skeletal patterns from magnetic resonance images using mathematical morphological filters

Oral Radiology 2002年第1期18卷 25-43页

作者： Sakurai, Takashi Kawamata, Ryota Numayama, Sukenao Okada, Toshio Kashima, Isamu Department of Maxillofacial Radiol. Kanagawa Dental College Yokosuka Kanagawa 238-8580 82 Inaoka Japan

It is recognized that bone quality and strength are affected by trabecular bone structure. The purpose of this study was to establish a method for the three-dimensional analysis of trabecular bone structures for use in the evaluation of bone quality. A mathematical morphological filter was applied to magnetic resonance (MR) images of the radius, tibia, calcaneus, and the third lumbar vertebra, and their trabecular bone structures were extracted as binary skeletal patterns. A superimposition of MR image and binary skeletal pattern was conducted in order to demonstrate that the filter accurately extracted trabecular bone structure. The filter successfully extracted trabecular bone structures from MR images as distinctive binary skeletal patterns. The skeletal patterns were obtained as a set of subset images and sumset images that comprised spatial frequency components that agreed with the equation and structural element of the filter. The extracted skeletal images exhibited characteristic patterns corresponding to the type of bone, slice direction, and slice position. It was concluded that mathematical morphological filter processing of MR images is a useful method of evaluating bone quality through the three-dimensional analysis of trabecular bone structures.

关键词： computer-assisted image processing Magnetic resonance imaging Mathematical morphology Texture analysis

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Virtual Dental Patient: How Long Until It’s Here?

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Current Oral Health Reports 2018年第2期5卷 116-120页

作者： Joda, Tim Wolfart, Stefan Reich, Sven Zitzmann, Nicola U. Department of Reconstructive Dentistry & Gerodontology School of Dental Medicine University of Bern Freiburgstr. 7 Bern 3010 Switzerland Department of Reconstructive Dentistry University Center for Dental Medicine Basel University of Basel Basel Switzerland Department of Prosthodontics & Biomaterials Center for Implantology Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

Purpose of Review: Recent developments in digital technology to be generated by superimposing different 3D imaging datasets. The aim of this literature review was to provide an update on the current status of knowledge, to report on the progress in virtual patient science, and to identify further research needed to facilitate the translation to clinical practice. Recent Findings: Case reports were identified describing different dental patient simulation techniques. Publications focused mainly on methodological feasibility of combining skeletal, facial, and dental imaging to produce virtual simulations. Clinical randomized controlled trials were scarce. Summary: Superimposition of 3D medical data files is a feasible technique to create a virtual patient under static conditions. 3D image fusion is of interest and importance in all fields of dental medicine including diagnostics, treatment, science, and education. Future research should focus on simplifying the technology, to enable virtual patient simulation to be generated in a single-step approach. © 2018, Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： computer-assisted image processing Digital dental medicine image fusion Patient simulation Superimposition technique Three-dimensional imaging

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Multiplanar reconstruction in adult intussusception: Case report and literature review

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Australasian Radiology 2004年第1期48卷 74-76页

作者： Dawes, Laughlin C. Hunt, Roland Wong, James K. Begg, Stuart Department of Radiology Goulburn Valley Health Shepparton Vic. Australia Department of General Surgery Goulburn Valley Health Shepparton Vic. Australia Coogee NSW 2034 3/15 Kurrawa Avenue Australia

We describe the use of computed tomography (CT) with multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) in positive diagnosis of a case of enteric intussusception in an adult. To our knowledge, there have been no previous reports of the use of MPR in this setting. Intussusception in adults is an uncommon cause of bowel obstruction that usually presents with non-specific symptoms. An underlying lesion is found in most cases. Multiplanar reconstruction should be used to confirm the diagnosis of intussusception when suspected on axial views, and should increase the yield of positive diagnoses when used in the assessment of a complex abdominal mass involving the bowel.

关键词： Adult Computed tomography computer-assisted image processing Intestinal obstruction Intussusception Lipoma

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Reproducibility of Immunostaining Quantification and Description of a New Digital image processing Procedure for Quantitative Evaluation of Immunohistochemistry in Pathology

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MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS 2009年第4期15卷 353-365页

作者： Bernardo, Vagner Lourenco, Simone Q. C. Cruz, Renato Monteiro-Leal, Luiz H. Silva, Licinio E. Camisasca, Danielle R. Farina, Marcos Lins, Ulysses Univ Fed Fluminense Fac Med Programa Posgrad Patol Hosp Univ Antonio Pedro Ctr BR-24033900 Niteroi RJ Brazil Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro Dept Histol & Embryol Lab Microscopia Processamento Imagens BR-20550170 Rio De Janeiro Brazil Univ Fed Fluminense Inst Matemat Dept Estatist BR-24020140 Niteroi RJ Brazil Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro Inst Ciencias Biomed Lab Biomineralizacao CCS BR-21941590 Rio De Janeiro Brazil Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro Ctr Ciencias Saude Inst Microbiol Prof Paulo de Goes BR-21941902 Rio De Janeiro Brazil

Quantification of immunostaining is a widely used technique in pathology. Nonetheless, techniques that rely on human vision are prone to inter- and intraobserver variability, and they are tedious and time consuming. Digital image analysis (DIA), now available in a variety of platforms, improves quantification performance: however, the stability of these different DIA systems is largely unknown. Here, we describe a method to measure the reproducibility of DIA systems. In addition, we describe a new image-processing strategy for quantitative evaluation of immunostained tissue sections using DAB/hematoxylin-stained slides. This approach is based on image Subtraction, using a blue low pass filter in the optical train, followed by digital contrast and brightness enhancement. Results showed that our DIA system yields stable Counts, and that this method can be used to evaluate the performance of DIA systems. The new image-processing approach creates an image that aids both human visual observation and DIA systems in assessing immunostained slides, delivers a quantitative performance similar to that of bright field imaging, gives thresholds with smaller ranges, and allows the segmentation of strongly immunostained areas, all resulting in a higher probability of representing specific staining. We believe that our approach offers important advantages to immunostaining quantification in pathology.

关键词： immunohistochemistry computer-assisted image analysis microscopy computer-assisted image processing Ki-67 antigen squamous cell carcinoma oral leukoplakia

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Thickness change of masseter muscles and the surrounding soft tissues in female patients during orthodontic treatment: a retrospective study

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BMC ORAL HEALTH 2020年第1期20卷 181-181页

作者： Pan, Yichen Chen, Si Shen, Linhui Pei, Yuru Zhang, Yungeng Xu, Tianmin Peking Univ Dept Orthodont Sch & Hosp Stomatol 22 Zhongguancun Ave South Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Natl Engn Lab Digital & Mat Technol Stomatol 22 Zhongguancun Ave South Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Beijing Key Lab Digital Stomatol 22 Zhongguancun Ave South Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Peking Univ Clin Div 3 Sch & Hosp Stomatol Block AGaode BldgHuayuan East Rd Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Peking Univ Dept Machine Intelligence Key Lab Machine Percept MOE Sci Bldg 25 Yiheyuan Rd Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

BackgroundFacial esthetics is a major concern of orthodontic patients. This study aims to evaluate orthodontic treatment-related thickness changes of the masseter muscles and surrounding soft tissues and the potential factors that would influence these changes during orthodontic treatment in female ***-two female adult patients were included in this retrospective study and were divided into extraction (n=22) and nonextraction (n=20) groups. Pretreatment and posttreatment cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were superimposed and reconstructed. The thickness changes of the masseter area of facial soft tissue (MAS), masseter muscles (MM) and surrounding fat tissue (FT) were measured. Pretreatment age, treatment duration, sagittal relationship (ANB), and vertical relationship (Frankfort-mandibular plane angle, FMA)-related MAS, MM and FT changes were compared between extraction and nonextraction groups. Spearman's correlation coefficient was calculated between the above variables. Regression analysis was conducted to confirm the causal relations of the *** thickness of MAS and MM significantly decreased in both groups, with larger decreases (>1mm) in the extraction group. There were strong correlations (r>0.7) between the thickness decrease in MAS and MM in both groups and moderate correlations (r>0.4) between MAS and FT in the nonextraction group. A significantly greater decrease of MAS and MM were found to be moderately correlated with a smaller FMA (r>0.4) in the extraction group. Scatter plots and regression analysis confirmed these *** muscles and the surrounding soft tissue exhibited a significant decrease in thickness during orthodontic treatment in female adults. Low-angle patients experienced a greater decrease in soft tissue thickness in the masseter area in the extraction case. But the thickness changes were clinically very small in most patients.

关键词： Masseter muscles CBCT Machine learning computer-assisted image processing

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Three-dimensional reconstruction of teeth and jaws based on segmentation of CT images using watershed transformation

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DENTOMAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY 2015年第4期44卷 20140313页

作者： Naumovich, S. S. Naumovich, S. A. Goncharenko, V. G. Belarusian State Med Univ Dept Prosthodont Minsk BELARUS Natl Acad Sci United Inst Informat Problems Lab Mathmat Cybernet Minsk BELARUS

The objective of the present study was the development and clinical testing of a three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction method of teeth and a bone tissue of the jaw on the basis of CT images of the maxillofacial region. 3D reconstruction was performed using the specially designed original software based on watershed transformation. Computed tomograms in digital imaging and communications in medicine format obtained on multispiral CT and CBCT scanners were used for creation of 3D models of teeth and the jaws. The processing algorithm is realized in the stepwise threshold image segmentation with the placement of markers in the mode of a multiplanar projection in areas relating to the teeth and a bone tissue. The developed software initially creates coarse 3D models of the entire dentition and the jaw. Then, certain procedures specify the model of the jaw and cut the dentition into separate teeth. The proper selection of the segmentation threshold is very important for CBCT images having a low contrast and high noise level. The developed semi-automatic algorithm of multispiral and cone beam computed tomogram processing allows 3D models of teeth to be created separating them from a bone tissue of the jaws. The software is easy to install in a dentist's workplace, has an intuitive interface and takes little time in processing. The obtained 3D models can be used for solving a wide range of scientific and clinical tasks.

关键词： cone beam computed tomography spiral computed tomography computer-assisted image processing 3D dental model digital dentistry

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Lung Registration Using Automatically Detected Landmarks

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METHODS OF INFORMATION IN MEDICINE 2014年第4期53卷 250-256页

作者： Polzin, T. Ruehaak, J. Werner, R. Handels, H. Modersitzki, J. Univ Lubeck Inst Math & Image Comp D-23562 Lubeck Germany Fraunhofer MEVIS Project Grp Image Registrat Lubeck Germany Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf Dept Computat Neurosci Hamburg Germany Univ Lubeck Inst Med Informat D-23562 Lubeck Germany

Objectives: Accurate registration of lung CT images is inevitable for numerous clinical applications. Usually, nonlinear intensity-based methods are used. Their accuracy is typically evaluated using corresponding anatomical points (landmarks;e.g. bifurcations of bronchial and vessel trees) annotated by medical experts in the images to register. As image registration can be interpreted as, correspondence finding problem, these corresponding landmarks can also be used in feature-based registration techniques. Recently, approaches for automated identification of such landmark correspondences in lung CT images have been presented. In this work, a novel combination of variational nonlinear intensity-based registration with an approach for automated landmark correspondence detection in lung CT pairs is presented and evaluated. Methods: The main blocks of the proposed hybrid intensity- and feature-based registration scheme are a two-step landmark correspondence detection and the so-called CoLD (Combining Landmarks and Distance Measures) framework. The landmark correspondence identification starts with feature detection in one image followed by a blockmatching-based transfer of the features to the other image. The established correspondences are used to compute a thin-plate spline (TPS) transformation. Within CoLD, the TPS transformation is improved by minimization of an objective function consisting of a Normalized Gradient Field distance measure and a curvature regularizer;the landmark correspondences are guaranteed to be preserved by optimization on the kernel of the discretized landmark constraints. Results: Based on ten publicly available end-inspiration/expiration CT scan pairs with anatomical landmark sets annotated by medical experts from the DIR-Lab database, it is shown that the hybrid registration approach is superior in terms of accuracy: The mean distance of expert landmarks is decreased from 8.46 mm before to 1.15 mm after registration, outperforming both the

关键词： Lung image registration landmark detection pulmonary diseases computer-assisted image processing anatomic landmarks computed X ray tomography mathematical concepts

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Three-dimensional reconstruction of benign lymphoid aggregates in bone marrow trephines

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JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1996年第4期178卷 447-450页

作者： Salisbury, JR Deverell, MH Cookson, MJ QUARTERJACK SURG WIMBORNE MINSTER BH21 1APDORSETENGLAND UNIV LONDON LONDON HOSP COLL MEDHILL CTRLONDON E1 2ADENGLAND

Distinguishing between deposits of low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and benign lymphoid aggregates in bone marrow trephine sections is a recognized problem in haematopathology. To test the hypothesis that benign lymphoid aggregates do not make contact with a trabecular surface, three-dimensional models were constructed of five serially sectioned bone marrow trephines, containing a total of 19 lymphoid aggregates known to be benign. The computer-generated images showed that benign lymphoid aggregates were located in the central marrow space and did not become paratrabecular. This suggests that a paratrabecular location may help in some cases to distinguish deposits of low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma from benign lymphoid aggregates.

关键词： bone marrow lymphoid tissue structural models computer-assisted image processing

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ANTONIA Perfusion and Stroke A Software Tool for the Multi-purpose Analysis of MR Perfusion-weighted Datasets and Quantitative Ischemic Stroke Assessment

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METHODS OF INFORMATION IN MEDICINE 2014年第6期53卷 469-481页

作者： Forkert, N. D. Cheng, B. Kemmling, A. Thomalla, G. Fiehler, J. Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf Dept Diagnost & Intervent Neuroradiol D-20246 Hamburg Germany Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf Dept Neurol D-20246 Hamburg Germany

Objectives: The objective of this work is to present the software tool ANTONIA, which has been developed to facilitate a quantitative analysis of perfusion-weighted MRI (PWI) datasets in general as well as the subsequent multi-parametric analysis of additional datasets for the specific purpose of acute ischemic stroke patient dataset evaluation. Methods: Three different methods for the analysis of DSC or DCE PWI datasets are currently implemented in ANTONIA, which can be case-specifically selected based on the study protocol. These methods comprise a curve fitting method as well as a deconvolution-based and deconvolution-free method integrating a previously defined arterial input function. The perfusion analysis is extended for the purpose of acute ischemic stroke analysis by additional methods that enable an automatic atlas-based selection of the arterial input function, an analysis of the perfusion-diffusion and DWI-FLAIR mismatch as well as segmentation-based volumetric analyses. Results: For reliability evaluation, the described software tool was used by two observers for quantitative analysis of 15 datasets from acute ischemic stroke patients to extract the acute lesion core volume, FLAIR ratio, perfusion-diffusion mismatch volume with manually as well as automatically selected arterial input functions, and follow-up lesion volume. The results of this evaluation revealed that the described software tool leads to highly reproducible results for all parameters if the automatic arterial input function selection method is used. Conclusion: Due to the broad selection of processing methods that are available in the software tool, ANTONIA is especially helpful to support image-based perfusion and acute ischemic stroke research projects.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging cerebrovascular stroke brain mapping computer-assisted image processing

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Co-registration of pre-operative CT with ex vivo surgically excised ground glass nodules to define spatial extent of invasive adenocarcinoma on in vivo imaging: a proof-of-concept study

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EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY 2017年第10期27卷 4209-4217页

作者： Rusu, Mirabela Rajiah, Prabhakar Gilkeson, Robert Yang, Michael Donatelli, Christopher Thawani, Rajat Jacono, Frank J. Linden, Philip Madabhushi, Anant Case Western Reserve Univ Dept Biomed Engn Cleveland OH 44106 USA GE Global Res Niskayuna NY 12309 USA UT Southwestern Med Ctr Dallas TX USA Univ Hosp Cleveland Med Ctr Cleveland OH USA Case Western Reserve Univ Cleveland OH 44106 USA Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Med Ctr Cleveland OH USA

To develop an approach for radiology-pathology fusion of ex vivo histology of surgically excised pulmonary nodules with pre-operative CT, to radiologically map spatial extent of the invasive adenocarcinomatous component of the nodule. Six subjects (age: 75 +/- 11 years) with pre-operative CT and surgically excised ground-glass nodules (size: 22.5 +/- 5.1 mm) with a significant invasive adenocarcinomatous component (> 5 mm) were included. The pathologist outlined disease extent on digitized histology specimens;two radiologists and a pulmonary critical care physician delineated the entire nodule on CT (in-plane resolution: < 0.8 mm, inter-slice distance: 1-5 mm). We introduced a novel reconstruction approach to localize histology slices in 3D relative to each other while using CT scan as spatial constraint. This enabled the spatial mapping of the extent of tumour invasion from histology onto CT. Good overlap of the 3D reconstructed histology and the nodule outlined on CT was observed (65.9 +/- 5.2%). Reduction in 3D misalignment of corresponding anatomical landmarks on histology and CT was observed (1.97 +/- 0.42 mm). Moreover, the CT attenuation (HU) distributions were different when comparing invasive and in situ regions. This proof-of-concept study suggests that our fusion method can enable the spatial mapping of the invasive adenocarcinomatous component from 2D histology slices onto in vivo CT. aEuro cent 3D reconstructions are generated from 2D histology specimens of ground glass nodules. aEuro cent The reconstruction methodology used pre-operative in vivo CT as 3D spatial constraint. aEuro cent The methodology maps adenocarcinoma extent from digitized histology onto in vivo CT. aEuro cent The methodology potentially facilitates the discovery of CT signature of invasive adenocarcinoma.

关键词： Lung adenocarcinoma Computed tomography Pathology computer-assisted image processing Multimodal imaging

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