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Three-dimensional reconstruction of benign lymphoid aggregates in bone marrow trephines

JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1996年第4期178卷 447-450页

作者： Salisbury, JR Deverell, MH Cookson, MJ QUARTERJACK SURG WIMBORNE MINSTER BH21 1APDORSETENGLAND UNIV LONDON LONDON HOSP COLL MEDHILL CTRLONDON E1 2ADENGLAND

Distinguishing between deposits of low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and benign lymphoid aggregates in bone marrow trephine sections is a recognized problem in haematopathology. To test the hypothesis that benign lymphoid aggregates do not make contact with a trabecular surface, three-dimensional models were constructed of five serially sectioned bone marrow trephines, containing a total of 19 lymphoid aggregates known to be benign. The computer-generated images showed that benign lymphoid aggregates were located in the central marrow space and did not become paratrabecular. This suggests that a paratrabecular location may help in some cases to distinguish deposits of low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma from benign lymphoid aggregates.

关键词： bone marrow lymphoid tissue structural models computer-assisted image processing

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Comparison of mandibular bone microarchitecture between micro-CT and CBCT images

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DENTOMAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY 2015年第5期44卷 20140322页

作者： Panmekiate, S. Ngonphloy, N. Charoenkarn, T. Faruangsaeng, T. Pauwels, R. Chulalongkorn Univ Fac Dent Dept Radiol Bangkok Thailand Katholieke Univ Leuven Fac Med Oral Imaging Ctr OMFS IMPATH Res GrpDept Imaging & Pathol Leuven Belgium

Objectives: To compare microarchitecture parameters of bone samples scanned using micro-CT (RCT) to those obtained by using CBCT. Methods: A bone biopsy trephine bur (3 x 10 mm) was used to remove 20 cylindrical bone samples from 20 dry hemimandibles. Samples were scanned using mu CT (mu CT 35;SCANCO Medical, Briittisellen, Switzerland) with a voxel size of 20 mu m and CBCT (3D Accuitomo 170;J. Morita, Kyoto, Japan) with a voxel size of 80 mu m. All corresponding sample scans were aligned and cropped. image analysis was carried out using BoneJ, including the following parameters: skeleton analysis, bone surface per total volume (BS/TV), bone volume per total volume (BV/TV), connectivity density, anisotropy, trabecular thickness and spacing, structure model index, plateness and fractal dimension. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients (R) were calculated. CBCT values were then calibrated using the slope of the linear fit with the mu CT values. The mean error after calibration was calculated and normalized to the standard deviation of the mu CT values. Results: R-values ranged between 0.05 (plateness) and 0.83 (BS/TV). Correlation was significant for both Spearman and Pearson's R for 8 out of 16 parameters. After calibration, the smallest normalized error was found for BV/TV (0.48). For other parameters, the error range was 0.58-2.10. Conclusions: Despite the overall correlation, this study demonstrates the uncertainty associated with using bone microarchitecture parameters on CBCT images. Although clinically relevant parameter ranges are not available, the errors found in this study may be too high for some parameters to be considered for clinical application.

关键词： cone-beam computed tomography microcomputed tomography bone bone quality computer-assisted image processing

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Endometrial cell counts in recurrent miscarriage: a comparison of counting methods

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HISTOPATHOLOGY 2011年第6期59卷 1156-1162页

作者： Drury, Josephine A. Nik, Helena van Oppenraaij, Robbert H. F. Tang, Ai-Wei Turner, Mark A. Quenby, Siobhan Univ Liverpool Inst Translat Med Dept Womens & Childrens Hlth Liverpool Womens Fdn NHS Trust Liverpool L8 7SS Merseyside England Univ Med Ctr Dept Obstet & Gynecol Erasmus MC Div Obstet & Prenatal Med Rotterdam Netherlands Univ Warwick Clin Sci Res Inst Coventry CV4 7AL W Midlands England

Aims: Studies of uterine natural killer (uNK) cells require reliable measurements of uNK cell density among diverse endometrial tissue. The aim of this study was to compare cell counting manually with two computer-aided methods based on a public domain software package, imageJ. Methods and results: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of CD56(+) uNK cells was performed on endometrium from recurrent miscarriage patients. Numbers of stromal cells per high-power field (HPF) were counted by two observers using: (i) manual tally counter and graticule;(ii) imageJ 'point picker' tool;and (iii) imageJ 'particle analysis' tool. Coefficients of variation (CV) and Bland-Altman plots were used to evaluate interobserver differences. Evaluation of %uNK using imageJ particle analysis for stromal cell counts and point picker tool for uNK counts was undertaken. Point picker and particle analysis were significantly better than manual counting [ interobserver CVs mean (standard deviation) 6.1% (3.3%);4.7% (3.9%), 8.2% (6.5%), respectively]. Mean inter-and intra-observer CVs for %uNK were 10.3% (6.6%), 8.5% (4.9%) and 6.8% (4.3%), respectively. Bland-Altman analysis revealed no systematic differences in cell counts with the number of cells in the image for each method. Conclusions: Compared to manual cell counting, computer-aided image analysis yields more reproducible results for the assessment of uNK cells density using IHC.

关键词： CD56 antigens computer-assisted image interpretation computer-assisted image processing endometrium habitual abortion immunohistochemistry natural killer cells

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Nonlinear Dynamics in the Progression of Atherosclerotic Fatty Streaks: Morphometric Analysis

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Microscopy and Microanalysis 2002年第6期6卷 532-541页

作者： Peter J. Bugelski Beverly E. Maleeff Anne M. Klinkner Calvert S. Louden Timothy K. Hart Department of Safety Assessment SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals Safety Assessment-US UE0462 709 Swedeland Road King of Prussia PA 19406

Atherosclerotic lesions are heterogeneous in terms of their cellular and lipid composition. While heterogeneity can be the result of stochastic noise, an alternate hypothesis is that the differences observed among individual lesions arise from deterministic chaos. Five New Zealand white rabbits were fed a diet containing 0.15% cholesterol for 6 months. Segments of the aorta were fixed in formalin, stained en bloc with Nile red (NR) and filipin (F), and en face fluorescence microscopy was used to map the distribution of lipids in fatty streaks (FS). The smallest lesions detected stained only with filipin. Larger lesions stained with both Nile red and filipin and two distinct regions of Nile red staining, NR-orange (rich in polar lipids) and NR-yellow (rich in neutral lipids) were observed. Digital overlays revealed a “nested” arrangement of F, NR-orange, and NR-yellow. The lesions also showed marked heterogeneity in their lipid composition. Thus, although initially similar, as FS increased in size, their composition became divergent, suggesting that the ultimate composition of a FS was highly sensitive to its initial composition. Sensitivity to initial condition is one of the hallmarks of deterministic systems. To determine if FS were self-similar, another hallmark of deterministic chaos, the borders of the different regions defined by NR and F staining were subjected to fractal analysis. For each lesion, the borders of the F, NR-orange, and NR-yellow regions were found to be fractal. Return maps were constructed for the differently stained regions. Analysis of the entire 104-lesion data set showed that although the data could be described by a four-parameter logistic model, the population was not chaotic. However, return maps drawn for the maxima of the NR-orange stained regions demonstrated chaos. Taken together, the data suggest that deterministic chaos plays a role in the evolution of atheromatous disease but, in common with most biologic systems, as the lesions

关键词： filipin Nile red computer-assisted image processing deterministic chaos fractal dimension succession ecology

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Volumetric flow mapping for microvascular networks by bimodality imaging with light microscope and laser Doppler imager

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MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE 2004年第3期65卷 130-138页

作者： Sun, Y Verbeuren, TJ Vallez, MO Nilsson, GE Sjöberg, F Univ Rhode Isl Dept Elect & Comp Engn Biomed Engn Program Kingston RI 02881 USA Inst Rech Servier Div Angiol F-92150 Suresnes France Linkoping Univ Dept Biomed Engn S-58185 Linkoping Sweden Linkoping Univ Hosp Dept Hand & Plast Surg & Anesthesiol & Intens Car S-58185 Linkoping Sweden

A method was developed to produce a composite image of microvascular networks with grayscales proportional to volumetric flows. Velocities in arterioles and venules were assessed with a high-resolution laser Doppler imager (LDI). The vascular structures were quantified from the micrograph with a computerized vessel detection algorithm. After registering the detected vascular network with the LDI scan, volumetric flows were calculated along the centerlines of the vessels. In vivo data were obtained from the hamster cheek pouch in 6 studies. Flow continuity of the flow map was evaluated by comparing the main flow (Q) with the sum of branch flows (Q(s)), averaging over the respective vessel segments incident to each bifurcation. The method was reproducible across the 6 studies with the correlation coefficient (r) between Q(s) and Q ranging from 0.913 to 0.986. In all, over 20,000 flow estimates from 360 vessel segments (24-160 mum in diameter) at 166 bifurcations were analyzed. With flow normalized between 0 and 1, the linear regression yielded: Q(s) = 1.03 Q + 0.006;r = 0.952, n = 166, P < 0.0005. The bimodality imaging method exploits a large amount of velocity and diameter data, and therefore should be useful for studying heterogeneous flows in the microvasculature. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

关键词： blood flow microvascular network laser Doppler flowmetry computer-assisted image processing methodology hamster cheek pouch

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Automatic detection of osteoporosis based on hybrid genetic swarm fuzzy classifier approaches

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DENTOMAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY 2016年第7期45卷 20160076页

作者： Kavitha, Muthu Subash Kumar, Pugalendhi Ganesh Park, Soon-Yong Huh, Kyung-Hoe Heo, Min-Suk Kurita, Takio Asano, Akira An, Seo-Yong Chien, Sung-Il Kyungpook Natl Univ Sch Elect Engn Daegu South Korea Anna Univ Dept Informat Technol Reg Campus Coimbatore Tamil Nadu India Kyungpook Natl Univ Sch Comp Sci & Engn Daegu South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Sch Dent Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Radiol Seoul South Korea Hiroshima Univ Grad Sch Engn Hiroshima Japan Kansai Univ Fac Informat Osaka Japan Kyungpook Natl Univ Sch Dent Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Radiol Daegu South Korea

Objectives: This study proposed a new automated screening system based on a hybrid genetic swarm fuzzy (GSF) classifier using digital dental panoramic radiographs to diagnose females with a low bone mineral density (BMD) or osteoporosis. Methods: The geometrical attributes of both the mandibular cortical bone and trabecular bone were acquired using previously developed software. Designing an automated system for osteoporosis screening involved partitioning of the input attributes to generate an initial membership function (MF) and a rule set (RS), classification using a fuzzy inference system and optimization of the generated MF and RS using the genetic swarm algorithm. Fivefold cross-validation (5-FCV) was used to estimate the classification accuracy of the hybrid GSF classifier. The performance of the hybrid GSF classifier has been further compared with that of individual genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization fuzzy classifiers. Results: Proposed hybrid GSF classifier in identifying low BMD or osteoporosis at the lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD was evaluated. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the hybrid GSF with optimized MF and RS in identifying females with a low BMD were 95.3%, 94.7% and 96.01%, respectively, at the lumbar spine and 99.1%, 98.4% and 98.9%, respectively, at the femoral neck BMD. The diagnostic performance of the proposed system with femoral neck BMD was 0.986 with a confidence interval of 0.942-0.998. The highest mean accuracy using 5-FCV was 97.9%. with femoral neck BMD. Conclusions: The combination of high accuracy along with its interpretation ability makes this proposed automatic system using hybrid GSF classifier capable of identifying a large proportion of undetected low BMD or osteoporosis at its early stage.

关键词： panoramic radiograph computer-assisted image processing osteoporosis

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Head and neck computed tomography virtual endoscopy: Evaluation of a new imaging technique

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LARYNGOSCOPE 1999年第10期109卷 1570-1579页

作者： Gallivan, RP Nguyen, TH Armstrong, WB Univ Calif Irvine Med Ctr Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Orange CA 92868 USA Univ Calif Irvine Dept Radiol Irvine CA 92717 USA Vet Affairs Med Ctr Dept Radiol Long Beach CA USA Vet Affairs Med Ctr Dept Surg Long Beach CA USA

Objective: To evaluate a new radiographic imaging technique: computed tomography virtual endoscopy (CTVE) for head and neck tumors. Study Design: Twenty-one patients presenting with head and neck masses who underwent axial computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast were evaluated by CTVE, Comparisons were made with video-recorded images and operative records to evaluate the potential utility of this new imaging technique, Methods: Twenty-one patients with aerodigestive head and neck tumors were evaluated by CTVE, One patient had a nasal cylindrical cell papilloma;the remainder, squamous cell carcinomas distributed throughout the upper aerodigestive tract. Patients underwent complete head and neck examination, flexible laryngoscopy, axial CT with contrast, CTVE, and in most cases, operative endoscopy, Available clinical and radiographic evaluations were compared and correlated to CTVE findings. Results: CTVE accurately demonstrated abnormalities caused by intraluminal tumor, but where there was apposition of normal tissue against tumor, inaccurate depictions of surface contour occurred. Contour resolution was limited, and mucosal irregularity could not be de fined. There was very good overall correlation between virtual images, flexible laryngoscopic findings, rigid endoscopy, and operative evaluation in cases where oncological resections were performed. CTVE appears to be most accurate in evaluation of subglottic and nasopharyngeal anatomy in our series of patients, Conclusion CTVE: is a new radiographic technique that provides surface-contour details, The technique is undergoing rapid technical evolution, and although the image quality is limited in situations where there is apposition of tissue folds, there are a number of potential applications for this new imaging technique.

关键词： computer-assisted image processing head and neck virtual endoscopy x-ray-computed tomography

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MULTILAYER PEROXIDASE-LABELED ANTIBODY METHOD - COMPARISON WITH LABELED STREPTAVIDIN-BIOTIN METHOD, AVIDIN-BIOTIN-PEROXIDASE COMPLEX METHOD, AND PEROXIDASE-ANTIPEROXIDASE METHOD

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JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS 1995年第6期9卷 424-430页

作者： SHIN, M IZUMI, S NAKANE, PK NAGASAKI UNIV SCH MED DEPT ANAT 3 NAGASAKI 852 JAPAN

A new, extremely sensitive, ''multilayer peroxidase-labeled antibody method'' is introduced. This method utilizes peroxidase-labeled antibodies that immune-react with their antigen, but also can be an antigen to other peroxidase-labeled antibodies. An example of this method is: use rabbit IgG as the first antibody, peroxidase-labeled goat antirabbit IgG as the second antibody, peroxidase-labeled rabbit antigoat IgG as the third antibody, peroxidase-labeled goat antirabbit IgG as the fourth antibody, and peroxidase-labeled rabbit antigoat IgG as the fifth antibody in succession. We compared the sensitivities of this multilayer peroxidase-labeled antibody method with that of commercially available immuno-peroxidase staining kits, i.e., avidin-biotin-complex method and peroxidase-antiperoxidase method, both by immunostaining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, The generated signal and background in immunostained sections were determined by a computer-assisted image analyzer and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay spectrophotometrically. It was found that a maximum signal/background ratio was obtained with those sections reacted with the first four antibodies in succession by the multilayer peroxidase-labeled antibody method, and those reacted with the five antibodies in succession by the multilayer peroxidase-labeled antibody method in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Thus, the multilayer peroxidase-labeled antibody method is more sensitive than the avidin-biotin-complex method and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

关键词： SENSITIVITY ELISA IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY computer-assisted image processing THYMINE DIMER LIVER

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Three-dimensional aortic geometry mapping via registration of non-gated contrast-enhanced or gated and respiratory-navigated MR angiographies

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JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2024年第1期26卷 100992-100992页

作者： Dux-Santoy, Lydia Rodriguez-Palomaresa, Jose F. Teixido-Tura, Gisela Garrido-Oliver, Juan Carrasco-Poves, Alejandro Morales-Galan, Alberto Ruiz-Munoz, Aroa Casas, Guillem Valente, Filipa Galian-Gay, Laura Fernandez-Galera, Ruben Olivero, Ruperto Cuellar-Calabria, Hug Roque, Albert Burcet, Gemma Barrabes, Jose A. Ferreira-Gonzalez, Ignacio Guala, Andrea Vall Hebron Inst Recerca VHIR Barcelona Spain Inst Salud Carlos III CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasc CIBER CV Madrid Spain Hosp Univ Vall Hebron Dept Cardiol Barcelona Spain Univ Autonoma Barcelona Dept Med Bellaterra Spain Hosp Univ Vall Hebron Dept Radiol Barcelona Spain Inst Salud Carlos III CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ CIBERESP Madrid Spain Vall Hebron Res Inst Cardiovasc Dis Pg Vall Hebron 119-129 Barcelona 08035 Spain Hosp Valle De Hebron Dept Cardiol Pg Vall Hebron 119-129 Barcelona 08035 Spain

Background: The measurement of aortic dimensions and their evolution are key in the management of patients with aortic diseases. Manual assessment, the current guideline-recommended method and clinical standard, is subjective, poorly reproducible, and time-consuming, limiting the capacity to track aortic growth in everyday practice. Aortic geometry mapping (AGM) via image registration of serial computed tomography angiograms outperforms manual assessment, providing accurate and reproducible 3D maps of aortic diameter and growth rate. This observational study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of AGM on non-gated contrast-enhanced (CE-) and cardiac- and respiratory-gated (GN-) magnetic resonance angiographies (MRA). Methods: Patients with thoracic aortic disease followed with serial CE-MRA (n = 30) or GN-MRA (n = 15) acquired at least 1 year apart were retrospectively and consecutively identified. Two independent observers measured aortic diameters and growth rates (GR) manually at several thoracic aorta reference levels and with AGM. Agreement between manual and AGM measurements and their inter-observer reproducibility were compared. Reproducibility for aortic diameter and GR maps assessed with AGM was obtained. Results: Mean follow-up was 3.8 +/- 2.3 years for CE- and 2.7 +/- 1.6 years for GN-MRA. AGM was feasible in the 93% of CE-MRA pairs and in the 100% of GN-MRA pairs. Manual and AGM diameters showed excellent agreement and inter-observer reproducibility (ICC>0.9) at all anatomical levels. Agreement between manual and AGM GR was more limited, both in the aortic root by GN-MRA (ICC=0.47) and in the thoracic aorta, where higher accuracy was obtained with GN- than with CE-MRA (ICC=0.55 vs 0.43). The inter-observer reproducibility of GR by AGM was superior compared to manual assessment, both with CE- (thoracic: ICC= 0.91 vs 0.51) and GN-MRA (root: ICC=0.84 vs 0.52;thoracic: ICC=0.93 vs 0.60). AGM-based 3D aortic size and growth maps were highly repr

关键词： Aortic aneurysm Aortic dilation Magnetic Resonance Angiography computer-assisted image processing Aortic growth rate

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Study of edge detection task in dental panoramic radiographs

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DENTOMAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY 2013年第7期42卷 20120391页

作者： Grafova, L. Kasparova, M. Kakawand, S. Prochazka, A. Dostalova, T. Inst Chem Technol Fac Chem Engn Dept Comp & Control Engn CR-16628 Prague 6 Czech Republic Charles Univ Prague Dept Stomatol Fac Med 2 Prague Czech Republic

The purpose of this study is (1) to introduce a new approach for edge detection in orthopantograms (OPGs) and an improved automatic parameter selector for common edge detectors, (2) to present a comparison between our novel approach with common edge detectors and (3) to provide faster outputs without compromising quality. A new approach for edge detection based on statistical measures was introduced: (1) a set of N edge detection results is calculated from a given input image and a selected type of edge detector, (2) N correspondence maps are constructed from N edge detection results, (3) probabilities and average probabilities are computed, (4) an overall correspondence is evaluated for each correspondence map and (5) the correspondence map providing the best overall correspondence is taken as the result of edge detection procedure. A comparison with common edge detectors (the Roberts, Prewitt, Sobel, Laplacian of the Gaussian and Canny methods) with various parameter settings (304 combinations for each test image) was carried out. The methods were assessed objectively [edge mismatch error (EME), modified Hausdorff distance (MHD) and principal component analysis] and subjectively by experts in dentistry and based on time demands. The suitability of the new approach for edge detection in OPGs was confirmed by experts. The current conventional methods in edge detection in OPGs are inadequate (none of the tested methods reach an EME value or MHD value below 0.1). Our proposed approach for edge detection shows promising potential for its implementation in clinical dentistry. It enhances the accuracy of OPG interpretation and advances diagnosis and treatment planning.

关键词： panoramic radiography medical imaging computer-assisted image processing

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