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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS-LONDON 1971年第3-4期118卷 486-&页

作者： LAMDEN, RJ ARCHER, J MAYBANKS, A Ultra Electronics Ltd. London UK

A control computer is described which uses a serial digital program to control an arithmetic unit and storage system working entirely in the analogue mode. Storage is capacitive, using field-effect-transistor switches for data selection. Using conventional techniques, speeds of 20μs per arithmetic operation are readily obtainable. The first application of this computer is to aircraft-gas-turbine control. A control program, for example, of a Rolls Royce Olympus 593B engine occupies 120 instructions, and the computation has a recursion time of 3ms. An accuracy of within 0.1% is obtainable.

关键词： aerospace applications of computers gas turbines analogue recursive computers analogue computers computing in other engineering fields control engineering applications of computers Control engineering computing Analogue and hybrid computers and systems aircraft engine control field effect switches for data selection

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Techno-economical inspection of high-speed internet connection for trains

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IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 2008年第1期2卷 27-37页

作者： Riihimaki, V. Vaaramaki, T. Vartiainen, J. Korhonen, T. Aalto Univ Dept Commun & Networking FI-02015 Helsinki Finland Univ Jyvaskyla Dept Math Informat Technol FI-40014 Jyvaskyla Finland

Some attractive service scenarios for Railways' Intelligent Transport Systems (RITS) in three different user segments, that is, passengers, freight companies and train operator's in-house customers, are presented. The case study covers the analysis of customer needs and techno-economic evaluations. The analysis indicates that Flash-OFDM technology provides promising pre-stage solution for the train connections in Finland. Also, the WiMAX-based high-speed Internet access for passengers may be profitable in the most heavily operated railway leg in Finland. The sensitivity analysis shows that the most crucial parameters for the case are 'User Share', 'Average Revenue per User' and 'WiMAX Cell Size'. The analysis highlights the large economical potential for RITS services. It is possible, and also recommendable, to implement all the services for different user groups with the same hardware equipment. By this way, investment costs can be reduced noticeably. The in-house customers provide the most attractive service segment in the sense of net present value and reliability, by reducing operating costs and carriage investments while improving the management of operations in general.

关键词： techno-economical inspection Internet Metropolitan area networks RITS Radio links and equipment OFDM modulation sensitivity analysis railways Modulation and coding methods WiMax flash-OFDM technology computing in other engineering fields transportation WiMAX-based high-speed Internet access railway intelligent transport system customer need Computer communications

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Development of fast-response servos for military and naval systems - Part 2 - Simulation techniques

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computing & CONTROL engineering JOURNAL 2002年第4期13卷 206-213页

作者： Garner, F Kenilworth House Newport Shropshire TF10 9HJ 4 Church Road United Kingdom

In Part I of this article (June CCEJ, pp.127-136), a brief history of the development of servo drives for military applications was given. Then the design and performance of the laboratory hardware,constructed was described. Part 2 comments on results from system analysis mathematics and computer modelling work using Matlab/Simulink software. The article refers to computer modelling work currently being carried out and to future work.

关键词： fast-response servos systems analysis military systems computer modelling control system analysis computing naval engineering computing Military administration computing in other engineering fields Control technology and theory Civil and mechanical engineering computing Actuating and final control devices simulation techniques military computing Control system design and analysis Matlab/Simulink software servomechanisms software packages system analysis mathematics Marine system control Military control systems naval systems digital simulation

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A two-step image stabilisation method for promoting visual quality in vision-enabled maritime surveillance systems

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IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 2023年第2期17卷 435-449页

作者： Huang, Yanhong Liu, Ryan Wen Liu, Jingxian Wuhan Univ Technol Sch Nav Hubei Key Lab Inland Shipping Technol Wuhan 430063 Peoples R China Wuhan Univ Technol Chongqing Res Inst Chongqing Peoples R China

Maritime surveillance systems have been commonly exploited in vessel traffic services. The maritime visual information can be obtained through shore-borne, ship-borne or air-borne cameras. However, the obtained visual data often suffers from blur effects due to the shaky imaging devices in wild conditions (e.g. wind, waves and currents). It is necessary to develop image stabilisation methods to promote visual quality. In this work, we propose a two-step image stabilisation method by introducing the blind deblurring technology. In particular, we first propose a hybrid regularised blur kernel estimation method to robustly and accurately capture the motion trajectory of imaging devices during shaking. Once the estimation of motion trajectory is obtained, we then present a robust non-blind deblurring method in the second step to implement restoration of latent sharp image (i.e. image stabilisation). All non-convex and non-smooth minimisation problems related to blur kernel estimation and non-blind deblurring are effectively solved using the alternating direction method of multipliers-based numerical methods. Extensive experiments on both synthetic and realistic blurred images have been performed. All experimental results have demonstrated the satisfactory performance of our image stabilisation method under different imaging conditions. Moreover, the comparisons on other state-of-the-art methods have also indicated that our method could provide a good representation of promoting object detection in vision-enabled maritime surveillance systems.

关键词： alternating direction method of multipliers-based numerical methods motion trajectory shaky imaging devices blur effects marine engineering vision-enabled maritime surveillance systems hybrid regularised blur kernel estimation method realistic blurred images synthetic images blind deblurring technology visual data Optical, image and video signal processing Computer vision and image processing techniques image restoration imaging conditions object detection maritime visual information ship-borne multipliers-based numerical methods computing in other engineering fields shore-borne latent sharp image air-borne cameras computer vision ships two-step image stabilisation method visual quality nonblind deblurring method

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Hybrid models of subway passenger flow prediction based on convolutional neural network

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IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 2023年第4期17卷 716-729页

作者： Lai, Yuan-wen Wang, Yang Xu, Xin-ying Easa, Said M. Zhou, Xiao-wei Fuzhou Univ Coll Civil Engn Fuzhou 350108 Fujian Peoples R China Putian City Rail Transit Co Ltd Putian Fujian Peoples R China Ryerson Univ Depattment Civil Engn Toronto ON Canada

Accurate and stable short-term passenger flow prediction is an indispensable part of current intelligent transportation systems. This paper proposes two deep learning prediction models based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) and long short-term memory neural network (LSTM). Combining the CNN characteristics and the LSTM, the ConvXD-LSTM extracts passenger flow features through CNN and then inputs the time series into the LSTM. The ConvLSTM converts the weight calculation of the LSTM into convolution operation to realize short-term passenger flow prediction. Fuzhou Metro Line 1 passenger flow data was used for verification. The models were used to predict the passenger flow of subway stations and cross-sections and compared with the traditional prediction models. In terms of prediction accuracy, ConvLSTM has the highest accuracy, followed by ConvXD-LSTM. In terms of running time, ConvXD is the fastest and LSTM takes the longest. ConvXD-LSTM and ConvLSTM are in the middle of the two models, achieving a good balance between accuracy and efficiency. Compared with ConvXD-LSTM, ConvLSTM has a relatively simple network structure, which reduces the computational burden and improves the prediction accuracy.

关键词： traffic engineering computing railways convolutional neural network recurrent neural nets passenger flow features ConvLSTM CNN traditional prediction models Time series time series Neural nets prediction accuracy convolutional neural nets long short-term memory neural network deep learning prediction models Traffic engineering computing hybrid models deep learning (artificial intelligence) intelligent transportation systems short-term passenger flow prediction computing in other engineering fields Fuzhou Metro Line 1 passenger flow data ConvXD-LSTM subway passenger flow prediction

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APPLICATION OF PARALLEL PROCESSING TECHNIQUES TO EDDY-CURRENT NDT INSTRUMENTATION

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-D CONTROL THEORY AND APPLICATIONS 1990年第4期137卷 211-222页

作者： BAHRAMPARVAR, MR GRAY, JO Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering University of Salford Salford UK

A model-based fault diagnostic procedure is proposed for an eddy-current test instrument which utilises the multiple model estimation algorithm (MMEA). This algorithm essentially consists of a set of Kalman filters and is an ideal candidate for realisation by parallel-processing techniques. A practical instrument has been developed, consisting of a commercially available eddycurrent test instrument linked to a parallel processor consisting of an array of 4 transputers. A set of tubular metal samples, with known inner and outer wall defects, has been fabricated to enable the performance of the experimental instrument to be evaluated, and some practical results are given in the paper.

关键词： parallel processing computerised instrumentation eddy-current test instrument parallel algorithms Electromagnetic induction computing in other engineering fields eddy current testing Materials testing Kalman filters multiple model estimation algorithm Computerised instrumentation model-based fault diagnostic procedure NDT transputers automatic test equipment

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RAPID SOLUTION OF OROWANS EQUATIONS USING A HYBRID COMPUTER

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS-LONDON 1972年第10期119卷 1510-+页

作者： OWEN, AG GRIFFIN, AWJ Y-ARD Ltd. Glasgow UK Royal Naval Engineering College Plymouth UK

This paper describes a method of obtaining a rapid solution of Orowan's equations using a hybrid computer complex. A PDP8 4 K-store digital computer, an analogue computer and associated interface provide the necessary hybrid system. The normal approach to Orowan's equations is to obtain values of roll force and torque for a known reduction, with no reference to such mill constants as mill elasticity etc. By using the Newton-Raphson convergence technique on three rolling variables, a solution to the equations is obtained in about 500 ms. A simple modification to the hybrid system gives a near-dynamic solution, and the effects of slow variations in the input variables can be studied. By including the input and output tensions to the stand as entry and exit values for the horizontal force, the effects of slow variations in tension can also be established.

关键词： simulation engineering applications of computers rapid solution Orowan's equations hybrid computer methods hybrid computer complex differential equations rolling variables computing in other engineering fields Newton Raphson convergence technique rolling mills Analogue and hybrid computing techniques

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NON-LINEAR CONTROL OF A PAPER-STOCK FLOWBOX

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-D CONTROL THEORY AND APPLICATIONS 1983年第3期130卷 131-136页

作者： GUNN, DJ SINHA, AK Department of Chemical Engineering University College of Swansea Swansea UK

The paper deals with the design of controllers for a paper-stock flowbox using nonlinear models derived from equations representing the dynamics of slurry flow and pressurised air in the box. Three control schemes have been considered, namely interactive control, noninteracting control and complementary interacting control. The control schemes have been compared by digital simulation of the box and controllers. Noninteractive control shows significant improvements over the dual-control interactive scheme but the best control is given by the complementary interactive scheme.

关键词： Nonlinear control systems pressure control Level, flow and volume control paper-stock flow box paper industry Control applications in wood-processing, pulp and paper industries complementary interacting control digital simulation noninteracting control nonlinear control systems computing in other engineering fields Control technology and theory control system synthesis dual-control Control engineering computing flow control slurry flow interactive control Pressure and vacuum control Paper and pulp industries Industrial applications of IT interactive systems Control system analysis and synthesis methods

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Seamless real-time control systems - Challenges for the railway industry

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computing & CONTROL engineering JOURNAL 1999年第2期10卷 81-87页

作者： Chang, CS Bruce, AG Hampton, IM Mass Transit Railway Corp Hong Kong Peoples R China Kowloon Canton Railway Kowloon Peoples R China

Since the explosive growth of computing technology in real-time computer control systems during the 1970s, system integration has always required special attention. With the advent of networking technologies, system integration has become so complex that it often requires unique customised solutions, and despite the technological advances, system integration still remains a challenging problem to be resolved. This article explores the subject of applying system integration to the mass transit railway industry. Also included is an analysis of the problem from a process and technology viewpoint, and a look at the emerging technologies that promise to simplify system integration. A case study on a new system interfacing approach that is being followed in the design of Hong Kong's new West Rail line by Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation is also described.

关键词： computing technology unique customised solutions emerging technologies Hong Kong Rail-traffic system control technological advances Traffic engineering computing real-time systems computing in other engineering fields mass transit railway industry railways West Rail line system interfacing approach transport control networking technologies system integration Control engineering computing case study seamless real time control systems real time computer control systems railway industry Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation

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ELECTRONIC AUTOMATION OF THE WEIR GATES ON THE RIVER THAMES

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JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRONIC AND RADIO ENGINEERS 1988年第1期58卷 19-27页

作者： ATKINSON, P WALKER, JR PETERS, NK THAMES WATER AUTHOR NUGENT HOUSEVASTERN RDREADING RG1 8DBENGLAND

The Thames Water Authority recently commissioned a feasibility and design study to investigate the possibility of electronically automating the operation of the weirs along the Thames. The results of this study are incorporated in this paper and show that it should be possible to maintain the water level of each reach, measured with precision level sensors mounted above each weir, to within the order of ± 10 mm of a preset level at all times, regardless of water inflow rates, by the use of a distributed computer-based monitoring and control system. The design of this system relies on the use of an equivalent lumped rectangular cross-section model of a reach. The proposed strategy has been illustrated using data for the reach upstream of Caversham Weir and for the eight motorized weir gates at Caversham, Reading. The design has been verified using computer simulations which demonstrate that the system should be sufficiently robust to handle the expected variation of plant *** system will be operated by a lock-keeper during daylight working hours, but will otherwise be unmanned. Accordingly, detailed consideration must be given to the practical implementation of the system so that it will provide the required degree of reliability and will degrade gracefully and fail safe. The paper discusses how these requirements may be achieved.

关键词： River Thames Control applications in other natural resources electronic automation weir gates distributed computer-based monitoring digital simulation Thames Water Authority equivalent lumped rectangular cross-section model computing in other engineering fields computer simulations Reading Control engineering computing distributed control computerised control control system Caversham Weir computerised monitoring reliability rivers Natural resources and environmental control

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