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A deep learning and ensemble learning based architecture for metro passenger flow forecast

IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 2023年第3期17卷 483-498页

作者： Wang, Xin Zhu, Changfeng Jiang, Jiahao Lanzhou Jiaotong Univ Sch Traff & Transportat Lanzhou 730070 Peoples R China Southwest Jiaotong Univ Sch Transportat & Logist Chengdu Peoples R China

Accurate short-term forecast of metro outbound passenger flow is of great significance for real-time traffic control and guidance. A good forecast method should have high accuracy, timeliness and practicality. Based on deep learning and ensemble learning technology, this study proposes an end-to-end forecast hybrid architecture for metro outbound passenger flow that integrates multiple passenger flow features. The architecture innovatively integrates bagging ensemble learning strategy and transfer learning with deep learning, and includes multiple extensible passenger flow feature processing components. In addition, this study presents a new coding method to incorporate the operating characteristics of the metro into the forecasting architecture. Use the automatic fare collection (AFC) data of Chengdu Metro Tianfu Square Station for training and verify the forecast architecture on workdays, weekends and holidays. The results reveal that compared with other widely used passenger flow forecast models, the architecture proposed in this study has achieved the highest forecast accuracy in the above-mentioned different time types. Furthermore, the fusion of transfer learning improves the accuracy of forecast model while significantly speeding up the convergence of training, increasing its timeliness and practicability.

关键词： multiple extensible passenger flow feature processing components forecasting theory ensemble learning strategy traffic engineering computing railways ensemble learning based architecture real-time traffic control Chengdu Metro Tianfu Square Station passenger flow forecast models forecast accuracy data handling Neural nets deep learning based architecture metro outbound passenger flow Traffic engineering computing accurate short-term forecast Data handling techniques forecast architecture deep learning (artificial intelligence) metro passenger flow forecast transfer learning computing in other engineering fields learning technology forecast model forecast method end-to-end forecast hybrid architecture forecasting architecture

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Seamless real-time control systems - Challenges for the railway industry

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computing & CONTROL engineering JOURNAL 1999年第2期10卷 81-87页

作者： Chang, CS Bruce, AG Hampton, IM Mass Transit Railway Corp Hong Kong Peoples R China Kowloon Canton Railway Kowloon Peoples R China

Since the explosive growth of computing technology in real-time computer control systems during the 1970s, system integration has always required special attention. With the advent of networking technologies, system integration has become so complex that it often requires unique customised solutions, and despite the technological advances, system integration still remains a challenging problem to be resolved. This article explores the subject of applying system integration to the mass transit railway industry. Also included is an analysis of the problem from a process and technology viewpoint, and a look at the emerging technologies that promise to simplify system integration. A case study on a new system interfacing approach that is being followed in the design of Hong Kong's new West Rail line by Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation is also described.

关键词： computing technology unique customised solutions emerging technologies Hong Kong Rail-traffic system control technological advances Traffic engineering computing real-time systems computing in other engineering fields mass transit railway industry railways West Rail line system interfacing approach transport control networking technologies system integration Control engineering computing case study seamless real time control systems real time computer control systems railway industry Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation

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MULTIPROCESSOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LOGIC FUNCTION OF A MULTIPLEXED WIRING SYSTEM FOR AUTOMOTIVES

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-E COMPUTERS AND DIGITAL TECHNIQUES 1982年第6期129卷 223-228页

作者： PRESTON, NCGN LUCAS, J Department of Electrical Engineering & Electronics University of Liverpool Liverpool UK

The problems of conventional automotive wiring harnesses and how they can be minimised by multiplexing are discussed. The multiplexed wiring harness replaces the conventional harness with a cable bus carrying power and time-division multiplexed control signals to electronic modules that decode the control signals and activate power switches accordingly. An experimental multimicrocomputer multiplexing system is described. It has a centralised processing unit (CPU) and up to eight local processing units (LPU) interconnected to the cable bus. The electronic harness is controlled by the CPU which processes all inputs to the system and then transmits commands to the LPUs for control of each function of the electrical system. The CPU is located in close proximity to the dashboard and the majority of control inputs are directly wired into the CPU board. The LCUs are located in areas of high load density in the vehicle. Connections between the LPUs and the peripheral electrical equipment are made by small subharnesses, in most cases by a single fly lead. An LPU will only respond to a command signal from the CPU when the command address and its own address match. To eliminate the problem of spurious commands occurring owing to electrical interference, the CPU employs the repeated transmission method for communication. The switching channels have two commands associated with them: one to turn on and one to turn off. Following reception of these commands, there is a time slot available during which the LPU sends back to the CPU diagnostic information relating to the performance of the load controlled by the channel. The system incorporates a number of failsafe features to avoid potentially dangerous situations arising in the event of a CPU failure or damage occurring to the system.

关键词： multiprocessing systems multiplexing equipment automotive wiring harnesses Wires and cables Automobile electronics Mainframes and minicomputers wiring failsafe features computing in other engineering fields multiprocessing system multiplexing time division multiplexing cable bus TDM automobiles time-division multiplexing

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AUTOMOBILE ELECTRONICS IN THE 1990S .1. POWERTRAIN ELECTRONICS

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ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION engineering JOURNAL 1995年第1期7卷 23-36页

作者： CHOWANIETZ, EG Dept. of Electron. & Electr. Eng. De Montfort Univ. Leicester UK

The stringent automobile emission regulations introduced in the United States during the early 1970s meant that the all-mechanical automobile faced an uncertain future. Automotive engineers quickly adopted electronic engine-control strategies as a solution to their problems. Crucial links between the automobile and electronics were quickly formed. Subsequently, the availability of inexpensive microprocessors has led to a revolution in automotive control systems. This paper, the first of two on the subject, presents an introduction to the features and capabilities of automobile electronic systems. Since the area is a vast one, the discussion is initially restricted to a description of the more commonly encountered control systems, specifically engine management and transmission control. A second paper deals with other, more recently developed systems such as electronically-controlled antilock braking (ABS) and electrical power-assisted steering (EPAS).

关键词： microcomputer applications automobile electronics internal combustion engines Pollution control automotive electronics engine management digital control powertrain electronics computing in other engineering fields automotive control systems USA air pollution control Automobile electronics engine control strategies Environmental issues transmission control Road-traffic system control automobiles Control of heat systems Control engineering computing Automobile industry microprocessors automobile emission regulations

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Underwater image restoration: A state-of-the-art review

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IET IMAGE PROCESSING 2021年第2期15卷 269-285页

作者： Fayaz, Sheezan Parah, Shabir A. Qureshi, G. J. Kumar, Vijaya Univ Kashmir Dept Elect & Instrumentat Technol Srinagar India Govt Jammu & Kashmir Higher Educ Dept Jammu Jammu & Kashmir India Univ New South Wales Sch Comp Sci & Engn Sydney NSW Wales

Underwater imaging is one of the hot areas of research and is receiving considerable attention from the research community due to the challenges involved. Underwater images are prone to various distortions like poor contrast and colour deviation. Light scattering and light absorption in water medium are the main reasons for degradation in subaquatic images. Scattering of visible-light energy reduces the sharpness of image whereas varying degrees of light attenuation travelling in water results in the colour change. Restoration of distorted underwater images is an ill-posed and challenging problem. Various techniques and methodologies are being used to process and restore underwater images. In this study, we present a state-of-the-art review of various conventional and computer vision-based algorithms and techniques, developed so far, to present a clearer view of the methods used for underwater image restoration. We discuss various conditions for which the schemes have been developed as well as highlight the quality assessment methods used to evaluate their performance. We compare various state-of-art schemes based on various subjective and objective indices and discuss future research directions in the field of underwater image restoration.

关键词： Optical, image and video signal processing Computer vision and image processing techniques computing in other engineering fields

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Estimating Norway lobster abundance from deep-water videos: an automatic approach

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IET IMAGE PROCESSING 2012年第1期6卷 22-30页

作者： Lau, P. Y. Correia, P. L. Fonseca, P. Campos, A. Inst Telecomunicacoes P-1049001 Lisbon Portugal Inst Super Tecn P-1049001 Lisbon Portugal IPIMAR INRB P-1449006 Lisbon Portugal

Video technology has been playing an increasing role in marine science, both for habitat mapping and estimating commercial species abundance. However, when quantification is needed, it is usually based on manual counting, a subjective and time-consuming task. The present work proposes a methodology to automatically quantify the abundance of Norway lobsters, Nephrops norvegicus, by counting lobsters or their burrows from video sequences, as a reliable complement to the currently used operator-based approach. The methodology is validated using a set of test video sequences captured at the Portuguese continental slope, using a monochrome camera mounted on a trawl gear, being characterised by non-uniform illumination, artefacts at image border, noise and marine snow. The analysis includes, after a pre-processing stage, the segmentation of regions of interest and the corresponding classification into one of the three targeted classes: Norway lobsters, burrows and others (including trawl impact marks). The developed software prototype, named IT-IPIMAR N. norvegicus ((IN2)-N-2), is able to provide an objective, detailed and comprehensive analysis to complement manual evaluation, for lobster and burrow density estimation.

关键词： video technology burrow density estimation Nephrops norvegicus video signal processing video sequence manual counting marine science Geophysics computing software prototyping region segmentation oceanographic techniques geophysical image processing operator-based approach software prototype monochrome camera Optical, image and video signal processing time-consuming task habitat mapping Norway lobster abundance estimation nonuniform illumination image sequences Portuguese continental slope image classification IT-IPIMARN norvegicus Oceanographic and hydrological techniques and equipment image border preprocessing stage Video signal processing image noise Instrumentation and techniques for geophysical, hydrospheric and lower atmosphere research trawl gear video cameras marine engineering computing in other engineering fields commercial species abundance deep-water video

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UNMANNED PLATFORMS NEED MULTIFUNCTIONAL CONTROL

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computing & CONTROL engineering JOURNAL 1994年第6期5卷 274-276页

作者： BOOTHROYD, D

The North Sea is not for the faint-hearted. It is well known that working as a diver on gas and oil wells there is one of the most dangerous of all occupations. While the designers of control systems for unmanned plat... 详细信息

关键词： Fuel processing industry electrical power Power engineering computing Production engineering computing hydraulic power Ann subsea development subsea wellhead control modules computing in other engineering fields North Sea natural gas technology Control applications in mining, oil and natural gas technology electrical control signals multifunctional control unmanned platforms petroleum industry Audrey B power system control Control engineering computing control station Chemical engineering computing methanol Mining, oil drilling and natural gas industries oil technology Phillips Petroleum Company United Kingdom Limited Industrial processes Industrial applications of IT gas wells industrial control

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COMPUTER-AIDED-DESIGN OF THIN-FILM OPTICAL-DEVICES

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS-LONDON 1977年第6期124卷 517-518页

作者： STEINER, DJ SANDOZ, DJ MASSEY UNIV DEPT IND MANAGEMENT & ENGNPALMERSTON NORTHNEW ZEALAND

The paper describes a technique for the computer-aided design of optical devices which are structured from multilayer thin films. The method overcomes some of the disadvantages usually associated with the design of optical multilayer systems, such as a requirement for approximate initial designs and excessive computing time. Results are presented for both bandpass and bandstop optical filters. The design system has been planned to integrate with the requirements of a computer-controlled process for manufacturing optical devices.

关键词： CAD optical filters Design Optoelectronics manufacturing optical multilayer systems optical films Optical coatings and filters thin film optical device computing in other engineering fields Project and design engineering

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A MICROCOMPUTER-BASED AUTOMATIC-CONTROL STRATEGY FOR A RUBBER EXTRUSION PRODUCTION LINE

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SOFTWARE & MICROSYSTEMS 1985年第5-6期4卷 145-152页

作者： STOTEN, DP ROONEY, BG UNIV BRISTOL DEPT MECH ENGNBRISTOL BS8 1TRAVONENGLAND AVON TYRES PLC MELKSHAMWILTSENGLAND

The paper describes the initial stages and immediate aims of an engineering project to control a tyre tread production line. The line is part of the Avon Tyres pic plant at Melksham, Wiltshire. The paper specifically describes the modelling, automatic control, hardware and software developments that are (and will be) used as a basis for the continuation of the project. Ultimately, the technology developed and expertise gained on the project will be extended to the control of other plants within the Avon group.

关键词： tyre tread production line rubber extrusion production line Control engineering computing microcomputer applications Avon Tyres computerised control control engineering computing automatic control software developments rubber industry Rubber and plastics industry engineering project computing in other engineering fields

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A specific perspective: Subway driver behaviour recognition using CNN and time-series diagram

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IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 2021年第3期15卷 387-395页

作者： Huang, Shize Yang, Lingyu Chen, Wei Tao, Ting Zhang, Bingjie Tongji Univ Shanghai Key Lab Rail Infrastruct Durabil & Syst Shanghai Peoples R China Tongji Univ Key Lab Rd & Traff Engn Minist Educ 4800 Caoan Rd Shanghai Peoples R China

Urban rail transit, especially the subway, has been booming in China for a decade, imposing safety challenges on all related parties. Drivers' behaviours are particularly crucial. Typically, drivers' actions are recorded by cameras, and the surveillance videos are evaluated manually. Current driver behaviour recognition methods mostly target the bus or car drivers and can hardly be implemented for subways, because subway drivers follow a rigid working code that needs a time sequence of movements to describe. In this study, we propose a recognition model to automatically recognise behaviours from single-frame images that are extracted from surveillance videos;second, we convert the recognition results into time series diagrams, thus the recognised behaviours can be interpreted and analysed statistically and effectively. The validation experiments demonstrate that the convolutional neural network model can recognise 96.20% driver behaviours, and time series diagrams add time information to the behaviours, providing a convincible reference for subway driver evaluation.

关键词： Traffic engineering computing time series diagrams statistical analysis current driver subway driver evaluation Image recognition Social and behavioural sciences computing video surveiilance convolutional neural nets railway engineering time series CNN camera driver behaviours time information video surveillance urban rail transit feature extraction car drivers subway driver behaviour recognition Video signal processing computing in other engineering fields behavioural sciences computing time series diagram China traffic engineering computing rigid working code

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