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Velocity Constraint on Double-Integrator Dynamics Subject to Antagonistic Information

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS 2021年第1期68卷 411-415页

作者： Zhang, Yan Liu, Yang Yang, Xinsong Qiu, Jianlong Zhejiang Normal Univ Coll Math & Comp Sci Jinhua 321004 Zhejiang Peoples R China Chongqing Normal Univ Sch Math Sci Chongqing 401331 Peoples R China Linyi Univ Sch Automat & Elect Engn Key Lab Complex Syst & Intelligent Comp Univ Shan Linyi 276005 Shandong Peoples R China

This paper is dedicated to the double-integrator dynamics subject to antagonistic interaction among participating individuals, apart from the unavailability of the velocity information on the interacting individuals. Unlike the dependence of the signed graph theory and structural balanced theory, eventually positive matrix is used to quantify antagonistic information among participating individuals, upon which the hypothesis of digon sign-symmetry imposed on the signed graph as broadly used in the literature can be entirely got rid of. Moreover, as an application, the "opinion" evolution of the agents is analyzed, and some criteria assuring all agents to share some steady "opinions" are presented. Simulation results are presented to well support the proposed setup and the derived theoretical results.

关键词： Multi-agent systems Graph theory Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Circuits and systems consensus algorithm Laplace equations Tools Antagonistic interaction double-integrator dynamics eventually positive matrix velocity constraint

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Blockchain-Enabled SLA Compliance for Crowdsourced Edge-Based Network Function Virtualization

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IEEE NETWORK 2021年第5期35卷 58-65页

作者： Rahman, Mohammad Saidur Khalil, Ibrahim Atiquzzaman, Mohammed RMIT Univ Sch Comp Technol Melbourne Vic Australia Univ Oklahoma Sch Comp Sci Norman OK 73019 USA

Network function virtualization (NFV) allows edge devices to host different types of virtual network functions (VNFs) and support Computing in the Network. Therefore, an edge device can abstract multiple VNFs of different infrastructure providers (InPs) as services and serve them at different times to act as a tenant for different InPs. Deploying edge devices is expensive and difficult to manage. Hence, crowdsourced edge devices can be used. To ensure the quality and availability of the services and the privacy of sensitive data of the service stakeholders, it is extremely important to establish a service level agreement (SLA) between an edge device owner and an InP. For monitoring of SLA compliance and enforcing accountability, a trusted platform is required. The traditional NFV management authority cannot be trusted due to its centralized characteristics. In this article, we propose a blockchain-powered framework for the SLA compliance of edge devices offering VNFs as services and introduce a smart contract-driven framework to establish trust in edge-based NFV. We analyze the performance of the proposed framework in the context of a private blockchain network.

关键词： Scalability Smart contracts consensus algorithm Blockchains Network function virtualization Stakeholders III-V semiconductor materials Edge computing Cloud computing

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Distributed multi-timescale algorithm for nonconvex optimization problem: A control perspective

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Neural Networks 2025年 186卷 107257页

作者： Shi, Xiasheng Liu, Jian Sun, Changyin School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui University Hefei230106 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Wuhan430074 China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Ministry of Education Wuhan430074 China School of Automation Southeast University Nanjing210096 China

The distributed nonconvex constrained optimization problem with equality and inequality constraints is researched in this paper, where the objective function and the function for constraints are all nonconvex. To solve this problem from a control perspective, a virtual reference-based convex penalty function is added to the augmented Lagrangian function. Then, based on the primal–dual technique, a two-timescale distributed approach is designed based on the consensus scheme. The slower subsystem aims to ensure the optimality, and the faster subsystem intends to guarantee the stability. Finally, three cases are presented to illustrate the approach's effectiveness. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： consensus algorithm

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A Distributed Control Architecture for Cascaded H-Bridge Converter With Integrated Battery Energy Storage

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS 2021年第1期57卷 845-856页

作者： Xu, Bei Tu, Hao Du, Yuhua Yu, Hui Liang, Hui Lukic, Srdjan North Carolina State Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Raleigh NC 27606 USA Beijing Jiaotong Univ Natl Act Distribut Network Technol Res Ctr Beijing 100044 Peoples R China

Cascaded H-bridge topology has been used in grid-tied converters for battery energy storage system due to its modular structure. To fully utilize the converter's modularity, this article proposes a hierarchical distributed control architecture that consists of primary control, secondary control, and battery state-of-charge (SOC) balancing control. Primary control ensures accurate current tracking, whereas a distributed secondary control based on consensus algorithm is presented to regulate power sharing among modules and is proved to be stable theoretically. A distributed SOC balancing control is further introduced to improve energy efficiency of battery energy storage system. Finally, the hierarchical distributed control strategy is implemented using hardware controllers and a software platform. Besides, a carrier phase shift control is also implemented to achieve multilevel output voltage and harmonic reduction. The experimental results demonstrate the performance of the proposed control scheme effectively.

关键词： Voltage control State of charge Decentralized control Batteries Switches Regulation Control systems Battery state-of-charge (SOC) balancing cascaded H-bridge (CHB) consensus algorithm distributed control

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Efficient and Secure Blockchain System for Digital Content Trading

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IEEE ACCESS 2021年 9卷 77438-77450页

作者： Heo, Gabin Yang, Dana Doh, Inshil Chae, Kijoon Ewha Womans Univ Div Artificial Intelligence & Software Seoul 03760 South Korea Ewha Womans Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Seoul 03760 South Korea Ewha Womans Univ Dept Cyber Secur Seoul 03760 South Korea

Blockchain is attracting attention as a new solution for problems such as illegal copying, profit distribution, and forgery and falsification in the digital content trading environment, which has become an essential asset in the information age. However, one problem is that it is difficult to propagate digital content to the blockchain network because of a limited capacity to upload to the blockchain. The integrity and transparency of blockchain are also considered as weak points in terms of privacy. In this paper, we propose a new blockchain system, the secret block-based blockchain (SBBC), to address the problems with the blockchain system in the digital content trading environment. SBBC is composed of off-chain and on-chain network components. Off-chain is the part that allows trading digital content through the authentication phase. The digital content that is traded has a digital fingerprint inserted, so if an illegal leak occurs, the destination can be tracked. In addition, the content is encrypted and traded, and only the rightful user can use the digital content, thus ensuring income for the legitimate content author. Next, the on-chain network is licensed to use digital content, and a verification process using a consensus algorithm is performed. The licensed consumer creates a secret block of their transaction and records it only on their ledger. In a private part, secret block creation ensures privacy and solves the network overload that can occur when uploading digital content to the blockchain. Finally, through the verification and agreement of all blockchain participants, a public block is created and recorded in the ledger to finalize the transaction. Consequently, we propose the SBBC system suitable for digital content trading environments and a safe and reliable system through a consensus algorithm in such environments.

关键词： Blockchain digital content trading privacy DRM digital fingerprinting secret block consensus algorithm

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Distributed Estimation and Control of Node Centrality in Undirected Asymmetric Networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL 2021年第5期66卷 2304-2311页

作者： Montijano, Eduardo Oliva, Gabriele Gasparri, Andrea Univ Zaragoza Inst Invest Ingn Aragon I3A Zaragoza 50018 Spain Univ Campus Biomed Roma Unit Automat Control Dept Engn I-00128 Rome Italy Univ Roma Tre Dept Comp Sci & Automat I-00128 Rome Italy

Measures of node centrality that describe the importance of a node within a network are crucial for understanding the behavior of social networks and graphs. In this article, we address the problems of distributed estimation and control of node centrality in undirected graphs with asymmetric weight values. In particular, we focus our attention on alpha-centrality, which can be seen as a generalization of eigenvector centrality. In this setting, we first consider a distributed protocol where agents compute their alpha-centrality, focusing on the convergence properties of the method;then, we combine the estimation method with a distributed iteration to achieve a consensus value weighted by the influence of each node in the network. Finally, we formulate an alpha-centrality control problem, which is naturally decoupled, and thus, suitable for a distributed setting and we apply this formulation to protect the most valuable nodes in a network against a targeted attack, by making every node in the network equally important in terms of alpha-centrality. Simulations results are provided to corroborate the theoretical findings.

关键词： Estimation Protocols Convergence Measurement Distributed algorithms consensus algorithm Social networking (online) Decentralized control distributed algorithms networked control systems network topology

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An Optimized Byzantine Fault Tolerance algorithm for Consortium Blockchain

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PEER-TO-PEER NETWORKING AND APPLICATIONS 2021年第5期14卷 2826-2839页

作者： Li, Yuxi Qiao, Liang Lv, Zhihan Qingdao Univ Sch Data Sci & Software Engn Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China

According to different application scenarios of blockchain system, it is generally divided into public chain, private chain and consortium chain. Consortium chain is a typical multi-center blockchain, because it has better landing, it is supported by more and more enterprises and governments. This paper analyzes the advantages and problems of Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) algorithm for the application scenarios of the consortium chain. In order to be more suitable for consortium chains, this paper proposes a new optimized consensus algorithm based on PBFT. Aiming at the shortcomings of PBFT, such as the inability to dynamically join nodes, low multi-node consensus efficiency, and primary master node selection, our optimized algorithm has designed a hierarchical structure to increase scalability and improve consensus efficiency. The simulation results show that compared with PBFT and RAFT, our new consensus algorithm increases the data throughput while supporting more nodes, and effectively reducing the consensus delay and the number of communication times between nodes.

关键词： Byzantine fault tolerance PBFT consensus algorithm Consortium blockchain

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Utilizing User Bandwidth Resources in Information-Centric Networking through Blockchain-Based Incentive Mechanism

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FUTURE INTERNET 2024年第1期16卷 11页

作者： Liu, Qiang Han, Rui Li, Yang Chinese Acad Sci Inst Acoust Natl Network New Media Engn Res Ctr 21 North Fourth Ring Rd Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Sch Elect Elect & Commun Engn 19 AYuquan Rd Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

Idle bandwidth resources are inefficiently distributed among different users. Currently, the utilization of user bandwidth resources mostly relies on traditional IP networks, implementing relevant techniques at the application layer, which creates scalability issues and brings additional system overheads. Information-Centric Networking (ICN), based on the idea of separating identifiers and locators, offers the potential to aggregate idle bandwidth resources from a network layer perspective. This paper proposes a method for utilizing user bandwidth resources in ICN;specifically, we treat the use of user bandwidth resources as a service and assign service IDs (identifiers), and when network congestion (the network nodes are overloaded) occurs, the traffic can be routed to the user side for forwarding through the ID/NA (Network Address) cooperative routing mechanism of ICN, thereby improving the scalability of ICN transmission and the utilization of underlying network resources. To enhance the willingness of users to contribute idle bandwidth resources, we establish a secure and trustworthy bandwidth trading market using blockchain technology. We also design an incentive mechanism based on the Proof-of-Network-Contribution (PoNC) consensus algorithm;users can "mine" by forwarding packets. The experimental results show that utilizing idle bandwidth can significantly improve the scalability of ICN transmission under experimental conditions, bringing a maximum throughput improvement of 19.4% and reducing the packet loss rate. Compared with existing methods, using ICN technology to aggregate idle bandwidth for network transmission will have a more stable and lower latency, and it brings a maximum utilization improvement of 13.7%.

关键词： bandwidth sharing incentive mechanism ICN consensus algorithm

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Bift: A Blockchain-Based Federated Learning System for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles

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IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL 2021年第14期9卷 12311-12322页

作者： He, Ying Huang, Ke Zhang, Guangzheng Yu, F. Richard Chen, Jianyong Li, Jianqiang Shenzhen Univ Coll Comp Sci & Software Engn Shenzhen 518060 Peoples R China Jocobs Sch Engn Comp Sci & Engn San Diego CA 92093 USA

Machine learning (ML) algorithms are essential components in autonomous driving. In most existing connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs), a large amount of driving data collected from multiple vehicles are sent to a central server for unified training. However, data privacy and security have become crucial during the data-sharing process. Federated learning (FL) for data security has arisen nowadays, and it can improve the data privacy of distribute machine learning. However, the malicious attackers can still be able to attack the training process. Due to the complete reliance on the central server, FL is very fragile. To address the above problem, we propose Bift: 1) a fully decentralized ML system combined with FL and 2) blockchain to provide a privacy-preserving ML process for CAVs. Bift enables distributed CAVs to train ML models locally using their own driving data and then to upload the local models to get a better global model. More importantly, Bift provides a consensus algorithm named Proof of Federated Learning to resist possible adversaries. We evaluate the performance of Bift and demonstrate that Bift is scalable and robust, and can defend against malicious attacks.

关键词： Blockchains Servers Data models Collaborative work Training Computational modeling Autonomous vehicles Blockchain connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) consensus algorithm federated learning (FL) off-chain storage

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A novel distributed event-triggered control for reactive power sharing based on hierarchical structure in islanded microgrid

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MEASUREMENT & CONTROL 2021年第5-6期54卷 872-879页

作者： Long, Yingwen Zhu, Yanxiang Zhang, Wei Shanghai Univ Engn Sci Lab Intelligent Control & Robot 333 Longteng Rd Shanghai 201620 Peoples R China

Due to line impedance mismatches, nonlinear loads and other reasons, the traditional droop control algorithms have great limitations on the control of reactive power sharing. Distributed control algorithms based on hierarchical structure have become an effective approach for reactive power sharing compared with traditional centralized control methods. In this paper, an event-triggered control algorithm based on stability analysis of Lyapunov method is put forward in order to satisfy the demand of low-bandwidth communication for distributed generator in islanded microgrid. Subsequently, a distributed hierarchical control scheme adopting proposed event-triggered strategy is designed to achieve proportional reactive power sharing in an islanded microgrid. Finally, the feasibility and validity of the proposed algorithm are further verified in MATLAB/Simulink environment.

关键词： consensus algorithm event-triggered condition hierarchical control reactive power sharing

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