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15th Annual IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)

作者： Gulzar, Muhammad Majid Jadoon, Tayyab Khan, Khalid A. Khalid, Muhammad KFUPM Control & Instrumentat Engn Dept Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia KFUPM Dept Elect Engn Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia KFUPM Ctr Renewable Energy & Power Syst Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia KFUPM SDAIA KFUPM Joint Res Ctr Artificial Intelligence Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia Univ Cent Punjab Dept Elect Engn Lahore Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665492874

consensus problems and algorithms are being increasingly applied in problems associated with the management of renewable energy integration in power systems. The concept of numerous microgrid integration needs appropriate coordination and communication, and optimization infrastructure that can be achieved with the multi-agent system formation solved with consensus algorithms. The primary objective of a consensus algorithm is to facilitate the process by which a group of distributed agents may come to a consensus over a quantity of interest by sharing information with one another through a communication network. In this respect, faster convergence quantifies the efficiency of the consensus algorithm. In this paper, Cucker-Smale flocking model is developed for the consensus algorithm. By using this model, consensus can be achieved by randomly choosing the initial positions and velocities of the birds with a minimum number of iterations. The proposed methodology is tested and validated on a ring and mesh communication network topologies with 3 and 12 nodes. The results obtained validate the efficiency of fast convergence of information sharing among the nodes.

关键词： Multi-agent systems consensus algorithm Cucker-Smale model Flocking Convergence

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PoPF: A consensus algorithm for JCLedger 12

PoPF: A Consensus Algorithm for JCLedger

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12th IEEE International Symposium on Service-Oriented System Engineering (SOSE) / 9th International Workshop on Joint Cloud Computing (JCC)

作者： Fu Xiang Wang Huaimin Shi Peichang Mi Haibo Natl Univ Def Technol Sci & Technol Parallel & Distributed Lab Coll Comp Changsha 410073 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538652060

JointCloud is a new generation of cloud computing model which facilitates developers to customize cloud services. JCLedger is a blockchain based distributed ledger for JointCloud computing which can make cloud resources exchange more reliable and convenient, and it is the combination of JointCloud and BlockChain. One of the most important elements for creating JCLedger is the consensus algorithm. PoW (Proof of Work) is the consensus algorithm for Bitcoin, which is proved to be quite safe but needs much computing power. The original PoW is not suitable for JCLedger because the identities of participants are not equal in computing power, which may lead to accounting monopoly, and the throughput cannot satisfy the requirement of the massive and high-frequency transactions in JointCloud. In this paper, we propose a PoW based consensus algorithm called Proof of Participation and Fees (PoPF), which can save much computing power and handled transactions more efficiently for JCLedger. In our design, only the candidates have the opportunities for mining and the candidates are chosen according to the ranking which is determined by two factors: the times of the participant to be the accountant and the fees the participant has paid. The difficulty for candidates of solving the PoW hash puzzle is different (the higher ranking means easier for mining). The simulation experiment shows that the distribution of accountants is well-balanced, that is to say, the unequal computing power of participants in JointCloud is shielded, and all the users who have enough contribution in JCLedger will have the opportunities to be accountants.

关键词： JCLedger JointCloud consensus algorithm PoW

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A Distributed Voltage Unbalance Collaborative Compensation Strategy of TPSS and PV Based on consensus algorithm 17

A Distributed Voltage Unbalance Collaborative Compensation S...

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17th Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA)

作者： Luo, Zhongyou Zhao, Puzhi Hou, Bing Li, Dongyang State Grid Xinjiang Elect Power Co Ltd Elect Power Res Inst Urumqi Xinjiang Peoples R China State Grid Xinjiang Elect Power Co Ltd Urumqi Xinjiang Peoples R China Southwest Jiaotong Univ Sch Elecr Engn Chengdu Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665409841

In order to solve the problem of power quality (PQ) of transport power supply system (TPSS) in electrified railways, a distributed voltage unbalance (VU) collaborative compensation strategy is proposed. To utilize the compensator capacity of Static Var Generator (SVG) and photovoltaic (PV) converter effectively, this paper focuses on developing a dynamic consensus algorithm to reactive power sharing proportionally among distributed generation (DC) units and improving the voltage quality at the point of common coupling (PCC). Therefore, making the output of the PV converter and SVG can be produced in the same proportion as its remaining capacity. With proposed methods, the transport power supply system reliability and flexibility can be enhanced. Additionally, the simulation results verify the feasibility of the collaborative compensation strategy.

关键词： Electrified railways Voltage unbalance consensus algorithm Reactive power sharing Collaborative compensation strategy

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Enhancing Banking Transaction Security with a Hybrid Access Control consensus algorithm Through Blockchain-Enabled Checkpoint Model

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SN Computer Science 2024年第6期5卷 776页

作者： Chorey, Priyanka A. Sahu, Neeraj Computer Science and Engineering Department G. H. Raisoni University Amravati

Nowadays, online secure payment systems are being used much more frequently. Advancement in online secure payment system is also enabled multiple threats that affected the privacy and security of the individuals especially, in the banking sector. This study aims to strengthen online secure payment systems in the banking sector by combining a blockchain-based checkpoint model with Hybrid Access Control Enable consensus algorithm (HACECA). The research tries to address the increasing threats to privacy and security in digital transactions and investigates how blockchain technology can strengthen these systems. The research utilizes a blockchain-enabled checkpoint model integrating with a consensus algorithm to enhanced security and transaction monitoring. Smart contracts help in the blockchain to make transactions faster. Hybrid access control ensures genuine user access. Comparative analysis against Triple Data Encryption Standard encryption algorithm (Triple DES), Hash based secret key encryption algorithm (HBSK), Certificate less signature scheme (CLS) algorithm, Checkpoint Enabled Scalable Blockchain Architecture (CESBA) validates the effectiveness of the proposed HACECA. The study introduces an approach, showing significant improvement in transaction security and efficiency. The HACECA presents a solution to relieve risks in online transactions. Performance indicator includes transaction recovery time (10.88 ms), memory usage (108.17 kb), and responsiveness (33.55 ms) demonstrates the significant improvements. The research highlights its significant advancements over existing solutions, focus attention on its potential for wide adoption in secure payment systems. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Blockchain Checkpoint consensus algorithm Online secure payment Smart contract Transaction security

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Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Formation consensus algorithm Based on Virtual Relative Position Errors 11

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Formation Consensus Algorithm Based ...

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11th International Conference on Intelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics (IHMSC)

作者： Huang, Wei Dong, Wenliang Lu, Yi Li, Zhanwu Air Force Engn Univ Aeronaut Engn Coll Xian 710038 Peoples R China Xiamen Tobacco Ind Ltd Liabil Co Xiamen 361000 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728118598

To solve the problem of existing consensus algorithms converging to the same equilibrium point, a new consensus algorithm for unmanned aerial vehicle formation is proposed. By constructing virtual relative position errors, this algorithm's equilibrium point isn't determined by initial states and it can make all members approaching to ideal positions as well as consistent velocity. Based on algebraic graph theory, the topological conditions and parameter conditions required by algorithm convergence are derived. Simulation results verify the validity of this algorithm which is suitable for general design of unmanned aerial vehicle formation system.

关键词： unmanned aerial vehicle formation consensus algorithm position errors algebraic graph theory

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A Reputation-Aware Randomization consensus algorithm for Performance Optimization in Blockchain Systems 27

A Reputation-Aware Randomization Consensus Algorithm for Per...

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27th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design (CSCWD)

作者： Zhang, Jingyu Sun, Yongtao Zhang, Zhennan Ren, Weifang Luo, Lailong Changsha Univ Sci & Technol Sch Comp & Commun Engn Changsha Peoples R China Natl Univ Def Technol Sch Syst Engn Sci & Technol Informat Syst Engn Lab Changsha Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349184;9798350349191

Blockchain technology, due to its decentralized, traceable, and tamper-resistant characteristics, has been applied in a wide range of collaborative computing scenarios, including smart grid, industrial production, and smart cities. consensus algorithm, as the key blockchain technology, plays a decisive role in terms of performance, security, and scalability, ensuring that system nodes reach consensus on transaction data. However, with the increase of user nodes and the diversity of application scenarios, existing consensus algorithms face some performance and security challenges. To overcome these challenges, this article proposes a novel blockchain consensus mechanism, namely the Reputation-Aware Randomization consensus algorithm (RRCA). The proposed mechanism first constructs a dynamic reputation evaluation model to divide nodes into ordinary ones and candidate ones. Secondly, a selection model is constructed for candidate nodes to select consensus nodes, which run the consensus algoritlun. Finally, a random selection mechanism for the leader node of the proposed consensus algorithm is constructed to ensure the unpredictability and reduce the probability of the leader node being subjected to malicious attacks. Theoretical analysis and experimental results indicate that the RRCA can significantly reduce consensus latency and increase the unpredictability of the leader node, which improves the performance and security of blockchain systems.

关键词： blockchain systems consensus algorithm reputation evaluation genetic algorithm VRF

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An Extensible consensus algorithm Based on PBFT

An Extensible Consensus Algorithm Based on PBFT

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International Conference on Cyber-Enabled Distributed Computing and Knowledge Discovery (CyberC)

作者： Li, Yixin Wang, Zhen Fan, Jia Zheng, Yue Luo, Yili Deng, Chunhua Ding, Jianwei Southwest Jiaotong Univ Sch Informat Sci & Technol Chengdu Peoples R China Sci & Technol Communocat Secur Lab Chengdu Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728125428

Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) is a deterministic consensus algorithm, which is widely used in blockchain due to the advantage of no forks. However, PBFT still has some problems, such as not being suitable for dynamic networks, requiring large communication overhead, and not being able to identify Byzantine nodes. Therefore, we propose Extensible-PBFT (EPBFT) consensus algorithm, it can take different steps to reach consensus according to the network environment of the system. Firstly, we add the election of consensus nodes based on verifiable random function (VRF), which makes EPBFT suitable for dynamic networks. Then, we modify the consistency protocol so that EPBFT can reach consensus with less communication in a stable network, and it can also identify Byzantine nodes and reduce confirmation latency. Finally, we simplify the checkpoint protocol and the view-change protocol, reducing the time and communication overhead they require.

关键词： blockchain consensus algorithm PBFT EPBFT VRF

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Evaluation of an Actor Model-based consensus algorithm on Neo Blockchain 31

Evaluation of an Actor Model-based Consensus Algorithm on Ne...

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31st International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC)

作者： Suliyanti, Widya Nita Salman, Muhammad Sari, Riri Fitri Univ Indonesia Dept Elect Engn Depok Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665427845

Neo Blockchain is a permissioned blockchain that adopts Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance variant consensus algorithm called delegated Byzantine Fault Tolerance (dBFT). This algorithm is implemented using an Actor Model-based consensus algorithm, namely *** framework. In this paper, dBFT consensus algorithm among four nodes is simulated - one primary and three backup nodes, that communicates using *** framework on a private chain on Neo Blockchain. The framework is used to evaluate the inner workings of the algorithm. The simulation resulted in the *** framework supporting multi-phases of dBFT consensus algorithm and parallel execution of tasks. In addition, it offers the asynchronous feature. Thus, it reduces the number of locks used and reduces deadlocks to potentially improve blockchain performance and scalability.

关键词： Neo dBFT *** consensus algorithm actor model

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The Cleisthenes Protocol: A Fair Governance-Based Democratic consensus algorithm 23

The Cleisthenes Protocol: A Fair Governance-Based Democratic...

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23rd International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric algorithms for Scientific Computing (SYNASC)

作者： Nicolae-Bogdan-Cristian, Togoe Pungila, Ciprian West Univ Fac Informat Timisoara Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9781665406505

Due to the high interest in the past few years, blockchain technology benefited from a fast increase in adoption rate as well as fast evolution. One of the crucial points in the blockchain space, the consensus mechanism, generally still suffers from lack of development, thus decreasing the adoption of the technology in big scale projects and daily use. Older-established consensus algorithms, such as Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS), suffer from various flaws, ranging from the high costs of maintaining a node in the network and generating new blocks, to the risk of being affected by a series of attacks, as well potential of network monopoly by various entities. This paper proposes a model of a democratically-governed consensus algorithm that is focused on a fair distribution of assets, with a fast and secure way of validating and distributing the blocks, while being impervious to a sizeable range of attacks.

关键词： blockchain consensus algorithm governance

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A Novel Control Method Based on consensus algorithm for Microgrids 3

A Novel Control Method Based on Consensus Algorithm for Micr...

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3rd IEEE International Future Energy Electronics Conference / Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) Asia

作者： He, Hongyu Han, Bei Li, Guojie Wang, Keyou Liu, Shaojie Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Sch Elect Engn Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China State Grid Corp China Shanghai Elect Power Co Shanghai 200010 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781509051571

Distributed control methods generally implemented with droop control have been widely applied in the energy management of microgrids. However, the robustness and stability of distributed control has been influenced by the size and diversity of the microgrid structure and compositions. Meanwhile, centralized control has been considered lack of flexibility and expansibility. In this paper, a novel control method based on consensus algorithm is proposed for improving current distributed energy management of microgrids. Taking advantages from distributed droop control framework, which would maintain a flexible and reliable microgrid with a manageable communication network, but also respond to the disturbance quickly, the proposed consensus based control method can enhance the speed and stability of distributed energy management. Simulations of hybrid AC-DC microgrids are also developed for the validation of theoretical analysis and effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： microgrid consensus algorithm modularization of microgrids droop control

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