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When Blockchain Meets SGX: An Overview, Challenges, and Open Issues

IEEE ACCESS 2020年 8卷 170404-170420页

作者： Bao, Zijian Wang, Qinghao Shi, Wenbo Wang, Lei Lei, Hong Chen, Bangdao Oxford Hainan Blockchain Res Inst Chengmai 571924 Peoples R China Northeastern Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Shenyang 110001 Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China

As a decentralized, public, and digital ledger technology in Peer-to-Peer network, blockchain has received much attention from various fields, including finance, healthcare, supply chain, etc. However, some challenges (e.g., scalability, privacy, and security issues) severely affects the wide adoption of blockchain technology. Recently, Intel software guard extensions (SGX), as new trusted computing technologies, have provided a new solution to the above challenges in the blockchain area. Although many studies have focused on using SGX technology to enhance their schemes in the blockchain areas, no comprehensive survey has systematically analyzed and delineated these studies. This article is the first to systematically discuss the application status of SGX in the blockchain area. In this article, we study the scheme designs, advantages, and disadvantages of the existing works using a six-layer hierarchical structure of the blockchain. We also summarize the functions of SGX and formally analyze the advantages and disadvantages of SGX. Finally, we review the remaining challenges and present a list of possible directions for future research.

关键词： Contracts Containers Peer-to-peer computing Software Bitcoin Blockchain Intel SGX consensus algorithm privacy protection smart contract

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Blockchain for securing ai applications and open innovations

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Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 2021年第3期7卷 189页

作者： Shinde, Rucha Patil, Shruti Kotecha, Ketan Ruikar, Kirti Symbiosis Institute of Technology Symbiosis International (Deemed University) Pune 412115 India Symbiosis Centre for Applied Artificial Intelligence (SCAAI) Symbiosis Institute of Technology Symbiosis International (Deemed University) Pune 412115 India School of Architecture Building and Civil Engineering Loughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU United Kingdom

Nowadays, open innovations such as intelligent automation and digitalization are being adopted by every industry with the help of powerful technology such as Artificial Intelligence (AI). This evolution drives systematic running processes, involves less overhead of managerial activities and increased production rate. However, it also gave birth to different kinds of attacks and security issues at the data storage level and process level. The real-life implementation of such AI-enabled intelligent systems is currently plagued by the lack of security and trust levels in system predictions. Blockchain is a prevailing technology that can help to alleviate the security risks of AI applications. These two technologies are complementing each other as Blockchain can mitigate vulnerabilities in AI, and AI can improve the performance of Blockchain. Many studies are currently being conducted on the applicability of Blockchains for securing intelligent applications in various crucial domains such as healthcare, finance, energy, government, and defense. However, this domain lacks a systematic study that can offer an overarching view of research activities currently going on in applying Blockchains for securing AI-based systems and improving their robustness. This paper presents a bibliometric and literature analysis of how Blockchain provides a security blanket to AI-based systems. Two well-known research databases (Scopus and Web of Science) have been examined for this analytical study and review. The research uncovered that idea proposals in conferences and some articles published in journals make a major contribution. However, there is still a lot of research work to be done to implement real and stable Blockchain-based AI systems. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Blockchain consensus algorithm Federated learning Open innovation Smart contract

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Multiple Quadrotors Formation Flying Control Design and Experimental Verification

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UNMANNED SYSTEMS 2019年第1期7卷 47-54页

作者： Wang, Jianan Zhou, Zhengyang Wang, Chunyan Shan, Jiayuan Beijing Inst Technol Sch Aerosp Engn Beijing 100081 Peoples R China

The formation control problem in multi-quadrotor systems is studied in this paper. Each quadrotor has limited access to its neighbors' information due to communication constraint. First, the dynamics model of the quadrotor is linearized using Newton-Euler method. The distributed formation control law is then designed and the stability analysis is provided. An experimental platform is built with three Parrot Bebop drones and an indoor motion capture system. Numerical and experimental results are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.

关键词： Quadrotor formation control consensus algorithm experimental test

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A Framework for Traceable and Transparent Supply Chain Management for Agri-food Sector in Malaysia using Blockchain Technology

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED COMPUTER SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS 2019年第11期10卷 149-156页

作者： Chan, Kok Yong Abdullah, Johari Khan, Adnan Shahid Univ Malaysia Sarawak Fac Comp Sci & Informat Technol Kota Samarahan Malaysia

This paper presents a framework for traceable and transparent supply chain management (SCM) system for the agri-food sector using blockchain technology in Malaysia. Numerous researchers believed that the current SCM system consists of several weak points, especially when multiple enterprise resource planning (ERP) system utilizing centralized SCM. Thus, data transparency and traceability are limited. This study hypothesized that if blockchain technology correlates with transparency and traceability of SCM, the above limitation can be minimized, as blockchain technology works in a distributed manner. This research uses "pepper" as an agri-food domain. The research also recommends that permissioned blockchain is a better fit as compared to permissionless blockchain.

关键词： Supply chain blockchain consensus algorithm traceability transparency

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Speeding up finite-time consensus via minimal polynomial of a weighted graph A numerical approach

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AUTOMATICA 2018年 93卷 415-421页

作者： Wang, Zheming Ong, Chong Jin Natl Univ Singapore Dept Mech Engn Singapore 117576 Singapore

This work proposes an approach to speed up finite-time consensus algorithm using the weights of a weighted Laplacian matrix. It is motivated by the need to reach consensus among states of a multi-agent system in a distributed control/optimization setting. The approach is an iterative procedure that finds a low-order minimal polynomial that is consistent with the topology of the underlying graph. In general, the lowest-order minimal polynomial achievable for a network system is an open research problem. This work proposes a numerical approach that searches for the lowest order minimal polynomial via a rank minimization problem using a two-step approach: the first being an optimization problem involving the nuclear norm and the second a correction step. Convergence of the algorithm is shown and effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated via several examples. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Laplacian matrix Rank minimization Minimal polynomial consensus algorithm

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The rise of "blockchain": bibliometric analysis of blockchain study

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SCIENTOMETRICS 2019年第3期120卷 1289-1331页

作者： Firdaus, Ahmad Ab Razak, Mohd Faizal Feizollah, Ali Hashem, Ibrahim Abaker Targio Hazim, Mohamad Anuar, Nor Badrul Univ Malaysia Pahang Fac Comp Syst & Software Engn Kuantan 26300 Pahang Malaysia Univ Malaya Fac Comp Sci & Informat Technol Dept Comp Syst & Technol Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia Taylors Univ Sch Comp & IT Subang Jaya 47500 Selangor Malaysia

The blockchain is a technology which accumulates and compiles data into a chain of multiple blocks. Many blockchain researchers are adopting it in multiple areas. However, there are still lacks bibliometric reports exhibiting the exploration of an in-depth research pattern in blockchain. This paper aims to address that gap by analyzing the widespread of blockchain research activities conducted thus far. This study analyzed the Scopus database by using bibliometric analysis in a pool of more than 1000 articles that were published between 2013 and 2018. In particular, this paper discusses various aspects of blockchain research conducted by researchers globally. This study also focuses on the utilization of blockchain and its consensus algorithms. This bibliometric analysis discovered the following: (1) Blockchain able to solve security issues in internet of things (IoT) and would be an increasing trend in the future;(2) Researchers begin to adopt blockchain in healthcare area;(3) The most active country in blockchain publication is United States, followed by China and Germany;(4) Switzerland and Singapore are two small size countries that published few publications, however receives many citations. (5) Research collaborations between countries increased the research publications except for Canada, India, and Brazil. (6) Keyword analysis revealed that researchers are adopting blockchain to solve problems in multiple categories of the data research area (data privacy, digital storage, the security of data, big data, and distributed database). This study also highlighted the utilization and consensus of the algorithm in blockchain research.

关键词： Blockchain Bibliometric consensus algorithm Security Review

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Three-Dimensional Cooperative Homing Guidance Law with Field-of-View Constraint

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JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS 2020年第2期43卷 389-397页

作者： Chen, Yadong Wang, Jianan Wang, Chunyan Shan, Jiayuan Xin, Ming Beijing Inst Technol Sch Aerosp Engn Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Univ Missouri Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn Columbia MO 65211 USA

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Is China the world's blockchain leader? Evidence, evolution and outlook of China's blockchain research

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JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2020年 264卷 121742-121742页

作者： Wang, Qiang Su, Min Li, Rongrong China Univ Petr East China Sch Econ & Management Qingdao 266580 Shandong Peoples R China China Univ Petr East China Inst Energy Econ & Policy Qingdao 266580 Shandong Peoples R China

China wants to embrace blockchain, the technology has triggered a new round of technological innovation and industrial change and has huge potential to enhance sustainable development capabilities in many areas. The purpose of this paper is to explore the global status of China's blockchain research. This study applies bibliometric analysis to perform statistical and correlation analysis on the blockchain literature from 2013 to 2019 included in the Web of Science (WOS) database and draws the social network with visual analysis technology. The statistical results show that China is the country that publishes the most blockchain papers in the world, leading the global blockchain research. Research institutions and authors from China also dominate global blockchain research. Further, this paper investigates the development process of China's blockchain research and determines the development stage through a comparative analysis with the United States. More specifically, the paper comprehensively analyzes the current status of China's blockchain research from three perspectives: the subject area, high-yield institutions and high-yield authors. The results indicate that China's blockchain research is experiencing rapid growth, and the research scope is constantly expanding, with the research focus gradually shifting to applied research. Finally, this paper summarizes the challenges faced by China's blockchain research and puts forward corresponding policy recommendations for reference by policy makers. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bibliometric analysis Blockchain China consensus algorithm Social network

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Switching time-invariant formation control of a collaborative multi-agent system using negative imaginary systems theory

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CONTROL ENGINEERING PRACTICE 2020年 95卷

作者： Vu Phi Tran Garratt, Matthew Petersen, Ian R. Univ New South Wales Sch Engn & Informat Technol Kensington NSW Australia Australian Natl Univ Res Sch Engn Canberra ACT Australia

The movement of cooperative robots in a densely cluttered environment may be impossible if the formation type is invariant. Hence, we investigate a novel method of switching time-invariant formation control for a group of heterogeneous autonomous vehicles, which may include Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGV) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). We have extended a Negative Imaginary (NI) consensus control approach to switch the formation shape of the robots whilst only using the relative distances between agents, in combination with those between agents and obstacles. All agents can automatically create a new safe formation to overcome obstacles, then restore the prototype formation once the obstacles are cleared. We address the oscillation and local minima problems, generated by existing algorithms, using a newly developed circle fitting approach. We also highlight the advantages of our proposed algorithms over the kinematic controller and the conventional Artificial Potential Field (APF) controller from both theoretical and experimental standpoints. Simulation and experimental results are then analyzed to validate the feasibility of our proposed approach.

关键词： Formation control consensus algorithm UAV-UGV coordination Obstacle avoidance Negative imaginary theory

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Distributed Cooperative Guidance for Multivehicle Simultaneous Arrival Without Numerical Singularities

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JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS 2020年第7期43卷 1365-1373页

作者： Li, Kang Wang, Jianan Lee, Chang-Hun Zhou, Rui Zhao, Shiyu Westlake Univ Sch Engn Hangzhou 310024 Peoples R China Beijing Inst Technol Sch Aerosp Engn Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Aerosp Engn Daejeon 34141 South Korea Beijing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Sch Automat Sci & Elect Engn Beijing 10083 Peoples R China Westlake Univ Westlake Inst Adv Study Sch Engn Hangzhou 310024 Peoples R China

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