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Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN)

作者： Ali Dorri Raja Jurdak School of Computer Science Queensland University of Technology (QUT)

ISBN: (数字)9781728171586

ISBN: (纸本)9781728171593

Blockchain has received tremendous attention in non-monetary applications including the Internet of Things (IoT) due to its salient features including decentralization, security, auditability, and anonymity. Most conventional blockchains rely on computationally expensive validator selection and consensus algorithms, have limited throughput, and high transaction delays. In this paper, we propose tree-chain a scalable fast blockchain instantiation that introduces two levels of randomization among the validators: i) transaction level where the validator of each transaction is selected randomly based on the most significant characters of the hash function output (known as consensus code), and ii) blockchain level where validator is randomly allocated to a particular consensus code based on the hash of their public key. Tree-chain introduces parallel chain branches where each validator commits the corresponding transactions in a unique ledger.

关键词： Blockchain consensus algorithm Security Internet of Things Delays Throughput Hash functions

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Application of consensus algorithm for Power Dispatch in Autonomous Microgrid

Application of Consensus Algorithm for Power Dispatch in Aut...

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Computational Intelligence on Power, Energy and Controls with their impact on Humanity (CIPECH), Innovative Applications of

作者： Rucha Joshi Leena Heistrene Elijah Toppo Reema Patel Department of Electrical Engineering Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University Gandhinagar India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University Gandhinagar India

ISBN: (纸本)9781538664735

Microgrid consists of conventional generators, energy storage systems, distributed generators (DGs) such as wind power and photo voltaic (PV) power generation units and their respective control devices. Integration of these DGs with the grid causes technical issues such as voltage and frequency deviations. Microgrid operates in both modes - grid connected as well as islanded mode. But these unwarranted deviations are predominantly observed in the islanded mode wherein the microgrid must maintain its own active power supply-demand balance. In order to minimize these deviations, different control strategies have been implemented. Owing to several disadvantages of different types of centralized control strategies, this work has adopted the distributed control scheme for power dispatch in microgrid that controls the unwarranted deviations in the microgrid network in the islanded mode.

关键词： consensus algorithm Microgrids Frequency control Petroleum Renewable energy sources Decentralized control Mathematical model

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PBFT consensus algorithm Based on Quality of Service Improvement

PBFT Consensus Algorithm Based on Quality of Service Improve...

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International Conference on Applied Machine Learning (ICAML)

作者： Shiyong Xiong Xiaohang Mou Rongsen Wu Software Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing China

A consortium chain is a type of blockchain that is only open to some groups. The Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) algorithm is commonly used in the consortium chain. However, there are problems with the simple selection of primary nodes and complicated communication processes. Given the above problems, this paper proposes to improve PBFT algorithm combined with node quality of service. The node quality of service model is established through multiple indicators of nodes, and nodes are divided into consistency nodes and light nodes according to the priority of service quality to ensure that the consensus process consists of nodes with higher priority are completed. Through the experimental results of this paper, it can be see that the improved scheme can significantly lessen the number of communications, improve the system throughput, and has good fault tolerance and security.

关键词： Fault tolerance Fault tolerant systems Quality of service Machine learning consensus algorithm Throughput Blockchains

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Dynamic consensus algorithm based Distributed Voltage Harmonic Compensation in Islanded Microgrids

Dynamic Consensus Algorithm based Distributed Voltage Harmon...

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European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications

作者： Lexuan Meng Mehdi Savaghebi Fen Tang Tomislav Dragicevic Juan C. Vasquez Josep M. Guerrero Aalborg university Pontoppidanstraede 101 Aalborg Denmark BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY No.3 Shangyuancun Haidian District Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479982776

In islanded microgrids, the existence of nonlinear electric loads may cause voltage distortion and affect the performance of power quality sensitive equipment. Thanks to the prevalent utilization of interfacing power electronic devices and information/communication technologies, distributed generators can be employed as compensators to enhance the power quality on consumer side. However, conventional centralized control is facing obstacles because of the distributed fashion of generation and consumption. Accordingly, this paper proposes a consensus algorithm based distributed hierarchical control to realize voltage harmonic compensation and accurate current sharing in multi-bus islanded microgrids. Low order harmonic components are considered as examples in this paper. Harmonic current sharing is also realized among distributed generators by applying the proposed methods. Plug-and-play capability is demonstrated for flexible operation. The proposed method is based on proper analysis and modeling of the system.

关键词： microgrids hierarchical control voltage harmonics consensus algorithm current sharing

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Distributed consensus Based algorithm for Economic Dispatch in a Microgrid

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID 2019年第4期10卷 3630-3640页

作者： Wang, Rui Li, Qiqiang Zhang, Bingying Wang, Luhao Shandong Univ Sch Control Sci & Engn Jinan 250061 Shandong Peoples R China

Economic dispatch problem (EDP) is a fundamental optimization problem of power systems. With the penetration of renewable energy sources in microgrids, this paper proposes a distributed algorithm based on consensus theory to solve the EDP with a quadratic cost function. The method takes advantage of the fact that incremental costs need to be equal for all buses at optimal output power values. Thus, the incremental cost of each bus is selected as a consensus variable and the local mismatch between total demand and generation is assigned as a feedback variable to meet demand constraints. Unlike the existing related works, the feedback gains for the feedback variables are different and time-varying. Using multi-parameter perturbation theory and graph theory, the convergence of the algorithm is proved. Furthermore, the upper bounds of the feedback gains are given theoretically, and we obtain that the algorithm converges to the optimal solution at a rate governed by the second largest eigen-value of the system matrix. Meanwhile, the algorithm is a fully distributed algorithm without a leader or a virtual command node. The simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the algorithm even though there is a demand change and generator damage. Some simulation results intuitively illustrate how the convergence speed changes with the feedback gains.

关键词： Economic dispatch problem distributed algorithm consensus algorithm multi-agent system microgrid

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Efficient multi-tier, multiple entry PBFT consensus algorithm for IoT

Efficient multi-tier, multiple entry PBFT consensus algorith...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

作者： Haytham Qushtom Jelena Miš ić Vojislav B. Miš ić Ryerson University Toronto ON Canada

ISBN: (数字)9781538683477

ISBN: (纸本)9781538683484

An implementation of a blockchain-based data storage and Internet of Things (IoT) system is described in this paper. A Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT)-like protocol is used to achieve consensus. The proposed approach consists of two layers, the lower layer with a number of clusters and the upper layer. The upper layer consists of virtual cluster composed of delegate nodes from lower clusters. Each cluster in the lower layer allows its member nodes to initiate simultaneous consensus rounds, implemented using a dedicated overlay network per node. Each overlay network is rooted in one node and connects it with every other node. This allows concurrent multiple entry PBFT consensus sessions in each lower layer cluster. In the upper layer, the virtual cluster members have to contend for linking their accepted blocks into the blockchain ledger. Performance analysis of the proposed approach is performed using a discrete-time Markov Chain (DTMC) and M/G/1 queuing-based analytical model. The efficiency of the proposed model is verified by testing over a wide range of parameter values.

关键词： Fault tolerance Overlay networks Protocols Fault tolerant systems Merging consensus algorithm Performance analysis

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Enhancing Trust Model of Information Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks Through Blockchain consensus algorithm

Enhancing Trust Model of Information Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networ...

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International Conference on Information and Communications Technology (ICOIACT)

作者： Muhammad Sulkhan Nurfatih Mohd Yazid bin Idris Deris Stiawan Eko Arip Winanto School of Computing Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Malaysia Universitas Sriwijaya Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9781728173566

ISBN: (纸本)9781728173573

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) presents smart transport that is capable of processing data and can self-organize for each vehicle. However, there have been security issues such as communication breakdowns between vehicles and information trust. Therefore, the trust model becomes an essential element in overcoming this problem. Various trust models have been suggested in the literature, including the model that utilizing consensus algorithm in the blockchain. This paper proposes an extension of the blockchain consensus algorithm based on Proof of Event (PoE) and Proof of Location (PoL) strategy, which call Proof of Event and Location (PoEL). Finally, it presents an initial experimental result on the effectiveness of our blockchain consensus algorithm extension. The simulation results show that the proposes blockchain consensus algorithm extension shows an increase in making blocks by 2% to 17% when the simulation is done with a different number of nodes.

关键词： Simulation Vehicular ad hoc networks Blockchain consensus algorithm Information and communication technology Security Accidents

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Distributed algorithm for Principal Component Analysis Based on Power Method and Average consensus algorithm

Distributed Algorithm for Principal Component Analysis Based...

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Symposium of Image, Signal Processing, and Artificial Vision (STSIVA)

作者： Norikazu Takahashi Mutsuki Oura Tsuyoshi Migita Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University Okayama Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781728170862

ISBN: (纸本)9781728170879

Principal component analysis is one of the most important methods of multivariate analysis, and has been applied in a wide range of fields such as statistical analysis, machine learning, pattern recognition, signal processing, and communication. Recently, using the idea of multi-agent networks, distributed algorithms for principal component analysis have been proposed for the case where the data matrix is partitioned either row-wise or column-wise. In this paper, considering the case where the data matrix is partitioned both row-wise and column-wise, we propose a new algorithm that allows a multi-agent network to perform principal component analysis in a distributed manner. We also verify its validity by numerical experiments. The proposed algorithm is based on the power method for principal component analysis and the average consensus algorithm.

关键词： Signal processing algorithms Distributed databases consensus algorithm Signal processing Partitioning algorithms Distributed algorithms Principal component analysis

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An Improved Prescribed-Time Privacy-Preserving Average consensus algorithm for First-Order Multi-Agent Systems

An Improved Prescribed-Time Privacy-Preserving Average Conse...

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Chinese Automation Congress (CAC)

作者： Bowen Chen Jiangfeng Yue Mengji Shi Weihao Li Boxian Lin Linggong Zhao Kaiyu Qin School of Aeronautics and Astronautics University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Aircraft Swarm Intelligent Sensing and Cooperative Control Chengdu China Chinese Aeronautical Establishment Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350368604

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368611

Privacy issues, communication constraints and convergence performance are key factors for expanding applications of multi-agent systems, but considering the above three factors simultaneously has not been well addressed. In order to extend the practical application scenarios and fill such gaps, the paper proposes an improved prescribed-time privacy-preserving consensus method based on event-triggered mechanism. Unlike the traditional privacy protection scheme, proposed method adopts a decentralized (executed separately by every agent), time-varying transformation to encrypt the information. Agents encode their true states in virtue of independent key before transmitting them, which makes the agents' internal states indecipherable from others. On this basis, the prescribed-time theory is introduced to achieve convergence at any specified time within the range allowed by the actuator performance. In addition, event-triggered mechanism can effectively relieve the actuator pressure caused by frequent updates and reduce computational resource consumption. Finally, the validity of theoretical results is verified by numerical simulation experiments.

关键词： Actuators Privacy Data privacy Event detection consensus algorithm Numerical simulation Cryptography Protection Convergence Multi-agent systems

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WBRP: consensus algorithm Based on Weak Proof of Work

WBRP: Consensus Algorithm Based on Weak Proof of Work

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IEEE International Conference on Blockchain (Blockchain)

作者： Jiarui Li Dongbin Wang Hui Zhi Wencheng Zhu Jianing Li Zedong Wang School of Cyberspace Engineering Beijing University of Post and Telecommunications Beijing China National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Network Beijing China TravelSky Technology Limited Beijing China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350351590

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351606

Nakamoto consensus (NC) is a classic Proof of Work (PoW) consensus algorithm where the probability of miners earning the right to a block is proportional to their computational power. To prevent blockchain forks, the interval between block outputs is restricted, which results in lower throughput for PoW. To address blockchain performance issues, a transaction ledger scheme based on weak PoW consensus has been proposed. This approach combines strong and weak blocks, allowing miners to submit weak blocks with lower mining difficulty. Nodes can then use these weak blocks to organize transaction information on the main chain and ensure strict linear ordering of blocks and transactions through sorting rules. Experimental results demon-strate that the consensus algorithm based on weak PoW can significantly enhance system performance, allowing transaction throughput to increase linearly with bandwidth. Specifically, with a node bandwidth of 1 Gb/s, the performance can exceed NC by more than 300 times.

关键词： System performance consensus algorithm Bandwidth Throughput Proof of Work Extensibility Blockchains

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