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Modular Blockchain Implementation in Intensive Medicine

Procedia Computer Science 2020年 170卷 1059-1064页

作者： Tiago Guimarães Hugo Silva Hugo Peixoto Manuel Santos Algoritmi Center/University of Minho

Blockchain has its focus around sharing, distribution and encryption. Particularly, the newer blockchain implementations revolve around the implementation of smart-contracts, second-layer systems and permissioned blockchains. This type of potential has generated a lot of attention towards blockchain, thus making it a great candidate technology within healthcare. In this paper, the role of permissioned and permissionless blockchain and its possible implementations will be discussed and compared as well as the process in which a blockchain network agrees whether a transaction is valid or not, maintaining consistency in ledger synchronization, or in other words, consensus algorithms. Several should be considered as viable and many can be used by both permissioned and permissionless blockchain frameworks. As chosen as part of this implementation Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (Pbft) is presented and described. This paper presents a solution, as part of the Intelligence Decision Support Systems for Intensive Medicine (ICDS4IM) project, which objective is to increase veracity and value to data from vital sensors and monitors by assuring its immutability and oversee; and also privacy and accountability for inadequate data management.

关键词： Blockchain Healthcare consensus algorithms Pbft permissioned EHR

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A Hamiltonian perspective on the control of dynamical distribution networks *

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2012年第19期45卷 24-29页

作者： A.J. van der Schaft J. Wei Johann Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics and Computer Science University of Groningen PO Box 407 9700 AK the Netherlands

We study a basic dynamical distribution network, modeled as a directed graph with storage variables corresponding to the vertices, and unknown but constant inflows and outflows. It is shown how standard PI-control, regulating the storage variables irrespective of the inflows and outflows, corresponds to associating with every edge of the graph a controller state variable, yielding a closed-loop port-Hamiltonian system. Furthermore, it will be shown how regulation is proved by modifying the total Hamiltonian of the port-Hamiltonian system into a Lyapunov function based on the vector of constant inflows and outflows. Subsequently, the results are extended to the case that the input variables are constrained, leading to non-smooth Lyapunov functions.

关键词： PI controllers saturation directed graphs port-Hamiltonian systems consensus algorithms non-smooth Lyapunov function

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A Comprehensive Insight into Blockchain Technology: Past Development, Present Impact and Future Considerations

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED COMPUTER SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS 2022年第11期13卷 878-907页

作者： Anwar, Farhat Khan, Burhan Ul Islam Kiah, Miss Laiha Mat Abdullah, Nor Aniza Goh, Khang Wen Int Islam Univ Malaysia Dept ECE Kulliyyah Engn Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Univ Malaya Fac CS & IT Dept Comp Sys & Tech Kuala Lumpur Malaysia INTI Int Univ Fac Data Sci & Informat Technol Nilai Malaysia

Blockchain technology is based on the idea of a distributed, consensus ledger, which it employs to create a secure, immutable data storage and management system. It is a publicly accessible and collectively managed ledger enabling unprecedented levels of trust and transparency between business and individual collaborations. It has both robust cryptographic security and a transparent design. The immutability feature of blockchain data has the potential to transform numerous industries. People have begun to view blockchain as a revolutionary technology capable of identifying "The Best Possible Solution" in various real-world scenarios. This paper provides a comprehensive insight into blockchains, fostering an objectual understanding of this cutting-edge technology by focusing on the theoretical fundamentals, operating principles, evolution, architecture, taxonomy, and diverse application-based manifestations. It investigates the need for decentralisation, smart contracts, permissioned and permissionless consensus mechanisms, and numerous blockchain development frameworks, tools, and platforms. Furthermore, the paper presents a novel compendium of existing and emerging blockchain technologies by examining the most recent advancements and challenges in blockchain-enabled solutions for a variety of application domains. This survey bridges multiple domains and blockchain technology, discussing how embracing blockchain technology is reshaping society's most important sectors. Finally, the paper delves into potential future blockchain ecosystems providing a clear picture of open research challenges and opportunities for academics, researchers, and companies with a strong fundamental and technical grounding.

关键词： Blockchain blockchain applications consensus algorithms distributed ledger smart contract

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INC-Seq: accurate single molecule reads using nanopore sequencing

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GIGASCIENCE 2016年第1期5卷 34-34页

作者： Li, Chenhao Chng, Kern Rei Boey, Esther Jia Hui Ng, Amanda Hui Qi Wilm, Andreas Nagarajan, Niranjan Genome Inst Singapore Singapore 138672 Singapore Natl Univ Singapore Dept Comp Sci Singapore 117417 Singapore

Background: Nanopore sequencing provides a rapid, cheap and portable real-time sequencing platform with the potential to revolutionize genomics. However, several applications are limited by relatively high single-read error rates (>10 %), including RNA-seq, haplotype sequencing and 16S sequencing. Results: We developed the Intramolecular-ligated Nanopore consensus Sequencing (INC-Seq) as a strategy for obtaining long and accurate nanopore reads, starting with low input DNA. Applying INC-Seq for 16S rRNA-based bacterial profiling generated full-length amplicon sequences with a median accuracy >97 %. Conclusions: INC-Seq reads enabled accurate species-level classification, identification of species at 0.1 % abundance and robust quantification of relative abundances, providing a cheap and effective approach for pathogen detection and microbiome profiling on the MinION system.

关键词： Nanopore sequencing Rolling circle amplification Barcode sequencing consensus algorithms

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Design And Implementation Of A Distributed Ledger To Support Data Survivability In An Unmanned Multi-Vehicle System

Design And Implementation Of A Distributed Ledger To Support...

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作者： Pommer, P. J Naval Postgraduate School Monterey CA

Autonomous vehicle systems, including multi-vehicle systems, are becoming increasingly relevant in military operations. A problem emerges, however, when logging data within these systems. In particular, loss of individual vehicles and inherently lossy and noisy communications environments can result in the loss of important mission data. This thesis presents a novel distributed ledger protocol that can be used to ensure that the data in such a system survives. To test the efficacy of the protocol, we implemented it as a Robot Operating System (ROS) node on the Advanced Robotic Systems Engineering Laboratory (ARSENL) aerial swarm system. Results are presented for implementation tests in the ARSENL software-in-the-loop simulation environment and during live-flight field experiments conducted at Camp Roberts, CA.

关键词： Systems engineering Unmanned aerial vehicles Distributed ledger Unmanned vehicles Autonomous systems Blockchain Aircrafts consensus algorithms Debugging Operating systems Cognitive systems engineering Packet loss Unmanned systems algorithms Autonomous vehicles Computer science Department of defense

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Distributed Statistical Estimation of the Number of Nodes in Sensor Networks

Distributed Statistical Estimation of the Number of Nodes in...

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2010 49th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Damiano Varagnolo Gianluigi Pillonetto Luca Schenato Department of Information Engineering University of Padova Via Gradenigo 6/b Padova Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781424477456

The distributed estimation of the number of active sensors in a network can be important for estimation and organization purposes. We propose a design methodology based on the following paradigm: some locally randomly generated values are exchanged among the various sensors and thus modified by known consensus-based strategies. Statistical analysis of the a-consensus values allows estimation of the number of participant sensors. The main features of this approach are: algorithms are completely distributed, since they do not require leader election steps;sensors are not requested to transmit authenticating information (for example identification numbers or similar data), and thus the strategy can be implemented whenever privacy problems arise. After a rigorous formulation of the paradigm we analyze some practical examples, fully characterize them from a statistical point of view, and finally we provide some general theoretical results and asymptotic analyses.

关键词： sensor networks distributed estimation number of sensors consensus algorithms

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Multi-robot Teleoperation under Dynamically Changing Network Topology

Multi-robot Teleoperation under Dynamically Changing Network...

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IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)

作者： Ugur Tumerdem Kouhei Ohnishi Department of System Design Engineering Keio University Yokohama Japan

The goal of this research is to realize robust teleoperation with multiple telerobots under changing communication topologies. In haptic teleoperation with multiple operators and multiple robots the forces as well as the positions should be transmitted between all the robots, which introduces difficulties in maintaining the stability and the efficiency of the system under communication failures or time delays on certain paths. In our research, we relax the constraints on the control system by approaching the multilateral teleoperation problem by using information graphs and consensus algorithms. We first show how decentralized multilateral teleoperation can be realized by using consensus filters. The haptic consensus algorithm which employs consensus filters is shown to be effective even on dynamically changing network topologies, as long as the network structure is connected and balanced. Furthermore we show that using haptic consensus algorithm it is possible to realize a bilateral teleoperation system for cooperative load carrying. Experiment results show that the haptic consensus algorithm enables multilateral teleoperation as well as bilateral multirobot cooperative teleoperation even on switching network topologies where the network topology is changing every control sampling time, which in our case is 100 microseconds. This means that the control system is very flexible, and tolerant against communication failures.

关键词： Networked Control consensus algorithms Haptic Teleoperation Fault Tolerant Control

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SEQUENTIAL ESTIMATION OF LINEAR MODELS IN DISTRIBUTED SETTINGS

SEQUENTIAL ESTIMATION OF LINEAR MODELS IN DISTRIBUTED SETTIN...

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European Signal Processing Conference

作者： Yunlong Wang Petar M. Djuri? Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony Brook University

ISBN: (纸本)9781479936878

In this paper, we consider the problem of distributed sequential estimation of time invariant parameters in a network of cooperative agents. We study a system where the agents quantify their respective beliefs in the unknown parameters by approximations of the posteriors of the parameters with multivariate Gaussians. At every time instant each agent carries out three operations, (a) it receives private measurements distorted by additive noise, (b) it exchanges information about its belief in the estimated parameters with its neighbors, and (c) it updates its belief with the new information. Since we consider distributed processing in the network, it is challenging to provide an optimal strategy where the agents update their believes using the Bayes' rule in every iteration. In this work, instead, we propose a method which does not process the data based on Bayes theory and yet allows the agents to reach asymptotically the optimal Bayesian belief held by a fictitious fusion center. We provide convergence analysis of the method and demonstrate its performance by simulations.

关键词： Distributed estimation Bayesian estimation consensus algorithms cooperative agents

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On Leader Election in Multi-Agent Control Systems

On Leader Election in Multi-Agent Control Systems

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2010 Chinese Control and Decision Conference

作者： Theodor Borsche Sid Ahmed Attia Control Systems Group Berlin Institute of TechnologyBerlinGermany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424451814

In this contribution,we discuss the election of an optimal leader out of a network of agents described by first integrator dynamics and running a consensus *** network of agents may be a group of autonomous robots or more generally communicating vehicles,and the target is,for instance,to move the formation to a new location.A leader is said to be optimal if it leads to a controllable network,and minimizes a quadratic cost of reaching a target for all the other agents of the *** the first part,controllability conditions and a decentralized way of checking them are *** then study the correlation between the value of a quadratic cost function measuring the leader performance and the network *** correlation is found between closeness and degree centrality indices of the agents and the cost of achieving the assigned *** allows us to run the optimal leader election process without a central authority and without the nodes having full knowledge of the network topology.

关键词： consensus algorithms controllability multi-agent control systems leader election networked control systems centrality indices

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Agreeing under Randomized Network Dynamics

Agreeing under Randomized Network Dynamics

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American Control Conference

作者： Guodong Shi Karl Henrik Johansson ACCESS Linnaeus Centre School of Electrical Engineering Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm 10044 Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781457710957

In this paper, we study randomized consensus processing over general random graphs. At time step k, each node will follow the standard consensus algorithm, or stick to current state by a simple Bernoulli trial with success probability p_k, Connectivity-independent and arc-independent graphs are defined, respectively, to capture the fundamental independence of random graph processes with respect to a consensus convergence. Sufficient and/or necessary conditions are presented on the success probability sequence for the network to reach a global a.s. consensus under various conditions of the communication graphs. Particularly, for arc-independent graphs with simple self-confidence condition, we show that ∑_k p_k = ∞ is a sharp threshold corresponding to a consensus 0-1 law, i.e., the consensus probability is 0 for almost all initial conditions if ∑_k p_k converges, and jumps to 1 for all initial conditions if ∑_k p_k diverges.

关键词： consensus algorithms Random graphs Dynamics Randomization Threshold INITIAL CONDITIONS Bernoulli Trials Stick Dosage Form RANDOMISING current status

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