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Jointgraph: A DAG-based efficient consensus algorithm for consortium blockchains

SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 2021年第10期51卷 1987-1999页

作者： Fu Xiang Wang Huaimin Shi Peichang Ouyang Xue Zhang Xunhui Natl Univ Def Technol Sch Comp Changsha 410073 Hunan Peoples R China Key Lab Software Engn Complex Syst Changsha Hunan Peoples R China

The blockchain is a distributed ledger that records all transactions and operations in a shared manner. Public blockchains such as Bitcoin realize decentralization at the cost of mining overhead, which is not suitable for real-life scenarios requiring high throughput. Techniques such as the consortium blockchain improve efficiency through partial decentralization. However, the consensus algorithms used in the existing state-of-the-art consortium blockchains face many challenges when dealing with commercial applications. For example, the high communication overhead hinders the scalability of PBFT-based consensus algorithms even though they are efficient at small scale. Hashgraph, one of the most popular Directed Acyclic Graph-based (DAG-based) consensus algorithms, achieves good performance in scalability;however, it does not allow users' dynamic participation. To deal with these challenges, we propose Jointgraph, a Byzantine fault-tolerance consensus algorithm for consortium blockchains based on DAG. In Jointgraph, transactions are packed into events and validated by no less than 2/3 of all members. A supervisor is introduced in our design, who monitors member behaviors and improves consensus efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate that Jointgraph outperforms Hashgraph in both throughput and latency.

关键词： blockchain byzantine fault-tolerant consensus algorithm DAG supervisory

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Tree-Chain: A Lightweight consensus algorithm for IoT-based Blockchains 3

Tree-Chain: A Lightweight Consensus Algorithm for IoT-based ...

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3rd IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (IEEE ICBC)

作者： Dorri, Ali Jurdak, Raja Queensland Univ Technol QUT Sch Comp Sci Trusted Networks Lab Brisbane Qld Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665435789

In this paper, we propose Tree-chain a fast scalable consensus algorithm that bases the validator selection on an existing function in relatively all existing blockchains: hash function output. Tree-chain is a leader selection consensus algorithm that moves away from a linear blockchain structure, to a tree-structured blockchain where each branch is managed by a particular validator. Each validator is periodically allocated to a random consensus code range which matches specific patterns of the most significant bits of the hash function output. Each validator is then responsible for transactions whose hash falls within the consensus code allocated to the validator. Because transactions are allocated deterministically to validators based on random consensus code allocations, Tree-chain eliminates the significant inefficiency of conventional blockchains for validator selection, such as proof-of work. Tree-chain does not require the validators to follow any additional algorithms before committing blocks which in turn significantly increases its throughput. Implementation results show that Tree-chain can run on small tiny IoT devices with limited resources which in turn highlights its resource efficiency.

关键词： Blockchain Internet of Things (IoT) consensus algorithm Scalability

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Raft consensus algorithm Based on Credit Model in Consortium Blockchain

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2020年第2期25卷 146-154页

作者： CHEN Yunfang LIU Ping ZHANG Wei School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023JiangsuChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Security and Intelligent Processing Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023JiangsuChina

As one of the underlying technologies of the blockchain,the consensus algorithm plays a vital role in ensuring security and *** a consensus algorithm for the private blockchain,Raft has better performance than the rest of the consensus algorithms,and it does not cause problems such as the concentrated hashing power,resource waste and ***,Raft can only be used in a non-byzantine environment with a small network *** order to enable Raft to be used in a large-scale network with a certain number of byzantine nodes,this paper combines Raft and credit model to propose a Raft blockchain consensus algorithm based on credit model *** the node credit evaluation phase,RBF-based support vector machine is used as the anomaly detection method,and the node credit evaluation model is *** the Trust Nodes List(TNL)mechanism is introduced to make the consensus phase in a creditable network ***,the common node is synchronized to the consensus node to update the blockchain of the entire *** show that CRaft has better throughput and lower latency than the commonly used consortium blockchain consensus algorithm PBFT(Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance).

关键词： credit model consensus algorithm consortium blockchain P2P network

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Simulation Study on the Convergence Time of a Discrete consensus algorithm for Distributed Task Assignment

Simulation Study on the Convergence Time of a Discrete Conse...

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)

作者： Fanti, Maria Pia Mangini, Agostino Marcello Franceschelli, Mauro Pedroncelli, Giovanni Ukovich, Walter Politecn Bari Dept Elect & Informat Engn Bari Italy Univ Cagliari Dept Elect & Elect Engn I-09124 Cagliari Italy Univ Trieste Dept Engn & Architecture I-34127 Trieste Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781479986965

This paper presents results on the convergence time of a previously proposed algorithm to solve the distributed task assignment problem on a network of agents. The considered algorithm consists in iterative local integer linear optimizations among the agents to cooperatively assign a set of tasks. Local optimizations are performed among a subset of randomly chosen neighboring agents. This paper discusses a simulation study on the number of iterations and time required by the algorithm to find the best task assignment given the limited information available at each iteration. Simulations on large and small networks with local optimizations that involve a varying number of agents have been performed.

关键词： consensus algorithm Distributed Optimization Task Assignment

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A Distributed Cooperative Control Strategy Based on consensus algorithm in DC Microgrid 13

A Distributed Cooperative Control Strategy Based on Consensu...

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13th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA)

作者： Zhang, Xinlu Dong, Mi Ou, Jing Cent S Univ Dept Informat Sci & Engn Changsha Hunan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538637586

A distributed cooperative control strategy based on the consensus algorithm is proposed for the voltage regulation and load distribution in DC microgrid. Global information can be accurately shared in a distributed fashion by using a consensus protocol. At the secondary control level, the average voltage and current controllers are used in each converter to generate two correction terms to adjust the voltage set point for the local droop controller. Using this method can achieve DC bus voltage recovery and eliminate average voltage deviation, while ensuring proportional load sharing among sources. By introducing a proportional adjustment link in the current controller, the load sharing is optimized while balancing the cost of power generation. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified by detailed MATLAB / Simulink simulation.

关键词： DC microgrid distributed control droop control consensus algorithm voltage control

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Research on consensus algorithm in Coordinated Control of Unmanned Surface Vehicles 33

Research on Consensus Algorithm in Coordinated Control of Un...

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33rd Youth Academic Annual Conference of Chinese Association of Automation (YAC)

作者： Cao, Xuhang Zhang, Qingyong Zheng, Kanghua Zhang, Huajun Wuhan Univ Technol Sch Automat Wuhan 430070 Hubei Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538672556

A consensus algorithm for coordinated control of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) is studied. The USVs have different driving directions and initial velocities, so the consensus algorithm is needed to coordinate the directions and velocities of the USVs. Firstly, based on the first order linear model of USVs, get the first order nonlinear differential equations of high frequency, and the simulate environment of USVs. Then, based on the Vicsek model, the consensus algorithm in cooperative control of USVs is proposed. Aiming at the problem that USV's angular velocity lags behind the rudder angle, this paper improves the traditional PD control method, and adopts cascade PID control. So, USV can reach the same driving direction in a shorter time. Finally, simulations prove that the algorithm is feasible and compare the difference of efficiency between the PD controller and the cascade PID controller.

关键词： USVs consensus algorithm PD controller cascade PID

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consensus algorithm-based Coalition Game Theory for Demand Management Scheme in Smart Microgrid

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SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY 2021年 74卷 103248-103248页

作者： Alhasnawi, Bilal Naji Jasim, H. Basil Sedhom, E. Bishoy Guerrero, M. Josep Univ Basrah Fac Engn Elect Engn Dept Basrah 61001 Iraq Mansoura Univ Fac Engn Elect Engn Dept Mansoura 35516 Egypt Aalborg Univ Ctr Res Microgrids CROM Dept Energy Technol DK-9220 Aalborg Denmark

Power mismatching between the generated and consumed power is caused by the stochastic and unpredictable demand energy, resulting in increasing the electricity bill and the load energy waste. A consensus algorithmbased coalition game theory for optimal demand management scheme is proposed for multi-agent smart microgrids (SMGs). The consensus algorithm depends on the information and data transfer among the neighbors in the multi-agents SMGs. The consensus algorithm for the demand management system has been proposed to improve the coalition game theory. The allocation of the surplus energy on the deficient customers is based on Shapley value, which enables the unequal distribution of power according to the demand. The computational and storage units are shifted to the Fog layer to deal with the multi-agents SMGs' extensive data and information. The proposed method's main objectives are minimizing the energy cost, energy waste in the presence of packet losses, and power mismatching. A hypothetical SMG system has been simulated and modeled using the MATLAB environment program to prove the proposed method's effectiveness. Three scenarios are performed, including without a demand management system, coalition game theory only, and consensus algorithm-based coalition game theory. A comparison between the obtained results has been performed. Sensitivity analysis based on the increasing of iterations and the number of homes is performed to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method. Also, a comparison between the optimization outcomes obtained results is implemented using genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), ant colony optimization (ACO), and artificial bee colony (ABC) optimization techniques. The results prove the applicability and feasibility of the proposed method for the demand management system in SMG. The proposed method achieves an improvement of 8.056%, 6.629%, and 98.888% for the incremental cost, the total electricity bill, and load energ

关键词： Fog platform Smart Microgrid Coalition Game Theory Method consensus algorithm Packet Losses Demand Management System

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Research on Fuzzy Droop Control of DC Microgrid Based on consensus algorithm 4

Research on Fuzzy Droop Control of DC Microgrid Based on Con...

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4th International Conference on Smart Grid and Smart Cities (ICSGSC)

作者： Liang, Haifeng Ding, Jinrui Bian, Ji Liu, Zixing North China Elect Power Univ Key Lab Distributed Energy Storage & Microgrid He Baoding Hebei Peoples R China Hebei Elect Power Supply Co Ltd Anxin Elect Power Supply Co Baoding Hebei Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728194042

Droop control is one of the basic control methods to solve the problem of load sharing in DC microgrids. However, the conventional droop control cannot balance the current sharing accuracy and bus voltage regulation between microsources(MSs). To tackle this problem, the ideal output current of each MS can be obtained based on the dynamic consensus algorithm. Then an improved droop control method that changes the droop coefficient by fuzzy control is proposed to improve the robustness of the system. The bus voltage can be effectively controlled while the currents are accurately shared. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed droop control strategy are verified by MATLB/SIMULINK simulation.

关键词： consensus algorithm droop control DC microgrid fuzzy control load sharing

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An Advanced PBFT-based consensus algorithm for a Bidding Consortium Blockchain 21

An Advanced PBFT-based Consensus Algorithm for a Bidding Con...

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3rd International Conference on Blockchain Technology (ICBCT)

作者： Du, Liang Tao, Yuan Chen, Tianmei Wang, Qing Lv, Hanyu State Grid Zhejiang Elect Power Co Mat Branch Zhenjiang Jiangsu Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450389624

The rapid development of blockchain technology has given rise to many applications like digital currency. Building a consortium blockchain for a bidding system is a promising way to benefit the bidding businesses, by reducing cost and sharing data among tenderers and bidders. Generally, Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) algorithm is the wide-ly-used consensus algorithm in a consortium blockchain. However, this algorithm meets its bottleneck, when there are a large number of nodes in the consortium blockchain net-work. In order to enhance the scalability of the consensus algorithm, this paper puts for-ward an advanced PBFT-based consensus algorithm, named ANPBFT, by taking ad-vantages of the message aggregation technology and tree topology technology. Specially, the consensus nodes in our proposed algorithm are divided into active nodes and passive nodes. Then, the consensus of block information is equivalent to the confirmation of iden-tity aggregation signature and aggregation promise of information key. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithm has better performance than the original PBFT algorithm. It also shows good scalability and can be used in a large-scale license-chain system.

关键词： Consortium Blockchain consensus algorithm Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance Message Aggregation Tree Topology

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Discrete Time consensus algorithm In Multi-Agent System 7

Discrete Time Consensus Algorithm In Multi-Agent System

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7th Indian Control Conference (ICC)

作者： Patil, Amol Shah, Gautam Univ Mumbai St Francis Inst Technol Elect & Telecommun Engn Mumbai 400 Maharashtra India

ISBN: (纸本)9781665409780

This paper explains mathematical framework of coordination phenomenon happening in nature and social dynamics. Distributed control law is designed for multi-agent dynamical systems using Perron-Frobenius theory. algorithm convergence is analyzed for balanced and unbalanced communication graph. The consensus value and the topological condition under which the algorithm converges is also derived and explained. Simulation results shows the effective implementation of proposed algorithm

关键词： Multi-agent system (MAS) consensus algorithm Communication graph Algebraic graph theory

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