Given a smooth curve C-Q with genus ≥ 2, we know by Faltings' Theorem that C(Q) is finite. Here we ask the reverse question: given a finite set of rational points S ⊆ Pn(Q), does there exist a smooth curve C-Q co...
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Fault-tolerant routing allows the selection of alternative routes to the destination after the route being used fails. Fast Reroute (FRR) is a proactive strategy through which the protocol pre-configures backup routes...
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Evolutionary algorithms rely very heavily on randomized behavior. Execution speed, therefore, depends strongly on how we implement randomness, such as our choice of pseudorandom number generator, or the algorithms use...
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Via constructing an asymptotic coupling by reflection, in this paper we establish uniform-in-time estimates on probability distances for mean-field type SDEs, where the drift terms under consideration are dissipative ...
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Recently, researchers have extended the concept of matchings to the more general problem of finding b-matchings in hypergraphs broadening the scope of potential applications and challenges. The concept of b-matchings,...
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We present a new analysis for the performance of decentralized consensus-based gradient (DCG) dynamics for solving optimization problems over a cluster network of nodes. This type of network is composed of a number of...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781665467612
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665467629
We present a new analysis for the performance of decentralized consensus-based gradient (DCG) dynamics for solving optimization problems over a cluster network of nodes. This type of network is composed of a number of densely connected clusters with sparse connections between them. Decentralized consensus algorithms over cluster networks have been observed to constitute two-time-scale dynamics, where information within any cluster is mixed much faster than the one across clusters. In this paper, we present a novel analysis to study the convergence rates of the DCG methods over cluster networks. In particular, we show that these methods converge at a rate ln(T)/T and only scale with the number of clusters, which is relatively small to the size of the network. Our result improves the existing analysis when applied to study the rates of DCG over cluster networks, where these rates are shown to scale with the size of the network. The key technique in our analysis is to consider a novel Lyapunov function that captures the multiple time-scale dynamics of DCG in cluster networks. We also illustrate our theoretical results by a number of numerical simulations using DCG dynamics over different cluster networks.
Nowadays, blockchain, revolutionary technology with high security and decentralization is widely applied in many industry segments including healthcare, cryptocurrency and so on. Despite its benefit, it is a challenge...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781665435413
Nowadays, blockchain, revolutionary technology with high security and decentralization is widely applied in many industry segments including healthcare, cryptocurrency and so on. Despite its benefit, it is a challenge for blockchain to effectively operate in large-scale networks without compromising security and decentralization properties due to low throughput. Therefore, in this paper, we consider sharding-based blockchain as a solution to overcome this limitation. The objective is to split the network into different shards to process transactions in parallel and reduce quorum size to reach consensus quickly. However, existing sharding-based blockchain networks implement a consensus algorithm for both main and sub-shards, so it is ineffective with different purposes (e.g., to improve security, reduce resource consumption, etc.). Hence, we propose a system with heterogeneous consensus algorithms in sharding-based blockchain to meet different requirements. Experimental results show that the proposed approach improves up to 54 percent of throughout in comparison with benchmarks.
Blockchain technology is enabled by consensus algorithms to manage the relationships among several economic or business operators without human intervention. With the help of consensus algorithms, distributed systems ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781665445993
Blockchain technology is enabled by consensus algorithms to manage the relationships among several economic or business operators without human intervention. With the help of consensus algorithms, distributed systems can reliably reach agreement even if part of the system is faulty. Blockchain yields many benefits, among others, traceability, transparency, and security. We consider using the RAFT consensus algorithm to achieve robust and scalable decentralized applications, with focus on healthcare. We propose a stylized healthcare network, enabled by RAFT and built upon Hyperledger Fabric to showcase the use of RAFT in healthcare blockchain. However, RAFT is by no means limited to healthcare record systems, and can be applied to any other record system and value chain. Our paper offers several insights to those working in value chains and information management-related fields. In addition, we end our study with some future research avenues that may inspire managers and scholars to build or refine new decentralized systems in healthcare and other related fields.
In this paper, we study a class of non-smooth non-convex problems in the form of minx[maxy∈Y (x, y) − maxz∈Z ψ(x, z)], where both Φ(x) = maxy∈Y (x, y) and Ψ(x) = maxz∈Z ψ(x, z) are weakly convex functions, and...
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For reasons of energy security, affordability and environment, the foundations of our energy markets are in flux. A promising approach for addressing some of the challenges faced comes in the form of blockchain-based ...
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For reasons of energy security, affordability and environment, the foundations of our energy markets are in flux. A promising approach for addressing some of the challenges faced comes in the form of blockchain-based peer-to-peer (P2P) microgrids, which we argue are a potential solution to many of the pitfalls of existing grid architectures. More specifically, this paper analyses consensus mechanisms that could be employed in blockchain-based microgrids, demonstrating that proof of authority (PoA) is a promising direction when seeking to improve the dependability of the energy market. We go on to specify a viable architecture for a PoA-based microgrid and provide experimental results to demonstrate that PoA is superior to proof of work (PoW) in this context.
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