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Distributed economic operation strategy of charging stations based on consistency algorithm

ENERGY REPORTS 2022年 8卷 7-15页

作者： Yang, Zexin Huang, Xueliang Gao, Tian Zhao, Qi Ding, Hongen Southeast Univ Sch Elect Engn Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China Key Lab Smart Grid Technol & Equipment Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China State Grid Jiangsu Elect Power Co Ltd Suzhou Power Supply Branch Suzhou 215004 Peoples R China

Considering that the centralized optimization control strategy is difficult to adapt to the access of large-scale electric vehicles, a distributed collaborative control strategy based on consensus algorithm is proposed in this paper to control the operation of multiple charging stations. In order to reduce the computational cost, a charging station aggregation model is established to reduce the optimization variables of large-scale electric vehicle access. According to the dispatching instructions issued by the distribution network, this method takes the economic operation of charging stations as the goal, satisfies the global and local constraints, and realizes the power allocation among charging stations. The case analysis proves the accuracy, effectiveness and robustness of the method, and the adaptability to large-scale electric vehicle access.(c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Electric vehicle consensus algorithm Distributed cooperative control Charging station Power allocation

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CBP2P: Cooperative Electronic Bank Payment Systems Based on Blockchain Technology

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JOURNAL OF INTERNET TECHNOLOGY 2022年第4期23卷 683-692页

作者： Peng, Zhao-Ping Chiang, Mao-Lun Lin, Iuon-Chang Yang, Chou-Chen Hwang, Min-Shiang Natl Chung Hsing Univ Dept Management Informat Syst Taichung Taiwan Chaoyang Univ Technol Dept Informat & Commun Engn Taichung Taiwan Asia Univ Dept Comp Sci & Informat Engn Taichung Taiwan China Med Univ China Med Univ Hosp Dept Med Res Taichung Taiwan

The most common consumer behavior was to pay in cash at a physical store in the past. However, with the rapid development and popularization of smart handheld devices and computers, merchants have had many innovative business models in recent years. For example, the digital cryptocurrency Bitcoin has the advantages of decentralization, anonymity, and the inability to tamper with data. If these benefits are combined with the current electronic payment financial operation model, they will be highly innovative. However, blockchain technologies have been applied to decentralized network architectures. As a result, the financial system will face anonymous crime, extensive data synchronization, and time-consuming transaction processes. This paper implements a P2P electronic payment system with a hierarchical structure based on the blockchain architecture, called CBP2P (Cooperative Bank Peer-to-Peer), to improve the defects and realize an accurate electronic payment system. Through the characteristics of the blockchain and cooperation between banks, we will enhance the security and availability of the system.

关键词： Bitcoin Blockchain Peer-to-peer network Electronic payment Public key infrastructure consensus algorithm

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A Framework to Make Voting System Transparent Using Blockchain Technology

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IEEE ACCESS 2022年 10卷 59959-59969页

作者： Farooq, Muhammad Shoaib Iftikhar, Usman Khelifi, Adel Univ Management & Technol Dept Comp Sci Lahore 54000 Pakistan Univ Management & Technol Dept Software Engn Lahore 54000 Pakistan Abu Dhabi Univ Dept Comp Sci & Informat Technol Abu Dhabi U Arab Emirates

A widespread mistrust towards the traditional voting system has made democratic voting in any country very critical. People have seen their fundamental rights being violated. Other digital voting systems have been challenged due to a lack of transparency. Most voting systems are not transparent enough;this makes it very difficult for the government to gain voters' trust. The reason behind the failure of the traditional and current digital voting system is that it can be easily exploited. The primary objective is to resolve problems of the traditional and digital voting system, which include any kind of mishap or injustice during the process of voting. Blockchain technology can be used in the voting system to have a fair election and reduce injustice. The physical voting systems have many flaws in it as well as the digital voting systems are not perfect enough to be implemented on large scale. This appraises the need for a solution to secure the democratic rights of the people. This article presents a platform based on modern technology blockchain that provides maximum transparency and reliability of the system to build a trustful relationship between voters and election authorities. The proposed platform provides a framework that can be implemented to conduct voting activity digitally through blockchain without involving any physical polling stations. Our proposed framework supports a scalable blockchain, by using flexible consensus algorithms. The Chain Security algorithm applied in the voting system makes the voting transaction more secure. Smart contracts provide a secure connection between the user and the network while executing a transaction in the chain. The security of the blockchain based voting system has also been discussed. Additionally, encryption of transactions using cryptographic hash and prevention of attack 51% on the blockchain has also been elaborated. Furthermore, the methodology for carrying out blockchain transactions during the process of vot

关键词： Blockchains Peer-to-peer computing consensus algorithm Smart contracts Licenses Robustness Privacy E-polling voting system blockchain application blockchain voting E-voting electoral system blockchain cryptographic hash secure voting

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Droop-Free Distributed Cooperative Control Framework for Multisource Parallel in Seaport DC Microgrid

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID 2022年第6期13卷 4231-4244页

作者： Zhang, Qinjin Zeng, Yuji Hu, Yuanting Liu, Yancheng Zhuang, Xuzhou Guo, Haohao Dalian Maritime Univ Coll Marine Engn Dalian 116026 Peoples R China Heilongjiang Elect Power Co Ltd Elect Power Res Inst State Grid Harbin 150000 Peoples R China

In this article, a novel distributed cooperative control framework is proposed to solve the problems of unbalanced load current sharing and bus voltage deviation in seaport DC microgrid. This framework without droop control, and a novel droop-free cooperative controller is constructed to achieve current sharing and voltage regulation goals. Each distributed generator (DG) transmits information based on a sparse communication network, and uses a discrete dynamic consensus algorithm (DCA) to complete the accurate estimation of a virtual average state variable containing voltage and current information. In addition, a current limiting function adapted to DCA is designed to avoid control failure and prevent the converter output currents from exceeding the rated value. Finally, the influence of boundary weight, communication delays, and calculation delays on the system stability is analyzed, and a seaport DC microgrid simulation model and StarSim HIL experimental platform are built. The results show that the proposed control scheme can achieve average bus voltage restoration and proportional load current sharing within the allowable range of communication delays and calculation delays, and has prominent plug-and-play capabilities.

关键词： Voltage control Microgrids Seaports Delays Impedance Decentralized control Voltage measurement DC microgrid cooperative control current sharing bus voltage recovery consensus algorithm

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Accurate Power Sharing and Voltage Restoration in DC Microgrids With Heterogeneous Communication Time Delays

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS 2022年第9期37卷 11244-11257页

作者： Nguyen, Duy-Long Lee, Hong-Hee Univ Ulsan Sch Elect Engn Ulsan 44610 South Korea

In order to realize power sharing and voltage restoration in islanded microgrids, consensus-based control schemes (CBCSs) have been extensively studied recently due to their flexibility and reliability. Nevertheless, due to heterogeneous communication time delays, it is impossible to achieve accurate power sharing and voltage restoration with the conventional CBCS. In this article, we propose an enhanced CBCS, in which average microgrid voltage and per unit power estimators have been developed based on standard proportional-integral (PI) consensus algorithms and scattering transformations. Thanks to the proposed estimator, the adverse impact of time delays on stability and accuracy is removed, and accurate power sharing and voltage restoration are always achieved regardless of heterogeneous time delays. The effectiveness and feasibility of the control scheme have been theoretically analyzed and validated via simulations and experiments.

关键词： Delay effects Voltage control consensus algorithm Microgrids Delays consensus protocol Decentralized control consensus algorithm dc microgrids distributed control droop control

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Computing Boundary Crossing Probabilities of General Empirical Processes 2

Computing Boundary Crossing Probabilities of General Empiric...

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2nd SIAM Conference on Applied and Computational Discrete algorithms (ACDA)

作者： Galgana, Rigel Oyakawat, Takehiro Greenwal, Amy MIT Dept Operat Res 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA Brown Univ Providence RI 02912 USA Brown Univ Dept Comp Sci Providence RI 02912 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781611977714

Order statistics play a fundamental role in the construction of empirical distribution functions, which are fundamental to empirical process theory and non-parametric statistics. In some applications, it is desirable to compute the joint cumulative distribution function (cdf) of d order statistics exactly. Efficient algorithms to compute this quantity are known when the data are i.i.d.;however, the task becomes significantly more challenging when relaxing either the identically distributed or the independence assumption. Existing methods for the non-i.i.d. setting obtain the joint cdf indirectly, by first computing and then aggregating over the marginal distributions. In this paper, we simplify an existing dynamic programming solution to achieve an exponential-in-d factor improvement in both time and space complexity over known methods. We detail the independent, non-identical setting, and then outline how our method extends to more general settings (e.g., dependent random variables) in an online appendix.

关键词： consensus algorithm

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Considering Chainless Interoperability across Many Parachains 5

Considering Chainless Interoperability across Many Parachain...

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5th IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC)

作者： Yanagihara, Takaaki Fujihara, Akihiro Chiba Inst Technol Grad Sch Engn Narashino Japan Chiba Inst Technol Fac Engn Narashino Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350310191

Since the initial appearance of Bitcoin, a wide variety of blockchain projects have been proposed. With an increased demand for exchanging cryptocurrencies between blockchains, it has become important for blockchains to achieve crosschain interoperability, which is the property of storing and fetching information from each other on multiple blockchains. However, public blockchains have a scalability problem of an extremely slow transaction processing capacity. Based on this background, we have considered solving the scalability problem by enhancing the crosschain interoperability. In this paper, we propose a chainless multi-layer consensus, which is a more decentralized method compared to existing blockchain projects when taking into consideration the interoperability, including Polkadot and Cosmos. We conducted some experiments using our implemented node program to evaluate the latency times required to achieve a consensus. As a result of the experiments using a largescale network constructed with more than 100 parachains, we confirmed that the latency times tend to increase superlinearly when the number of parachains increases to parallel transaction processing. By applying this result, we can estimate the blockchain settings for safely executing a chainless multi-layer consensus while achieving a practical transaction processing capacity.

关键词： Chainless Interoperability Parachain consensus algorithm Latency Time Decentralization Scalability

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Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation-Based consensus for Tracking Under Unknown-But-Bounded Disturbances

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL 2021年第8期66卷 3710-3717页

作者： Granichin, Oleg Erofeeva, Victoria Ivanskiy, Yury Jiang, Yuming St Petersburg State Univ Sci & Educ Ctr Math Robot & Artificial Intelligen St Petersburg 198504 Russia Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU Dept Informat Secur & Commun Technol NO-7491 Trondheim Norway

We consider a setup where a distributed set of sensors working cooperatively can estimate an unknown signal of interest, whereas any individual sensor cannot fulfill the task due to lack of necessary information diversity. This article deals with these kinds of estimation and tracking problems and focuses on a class of simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA)-based consensus algorithms for the cases when the corrupted observations of sensors are transmitted between sensors with communication noise and the communication protocol has to satisfy a prespecified cost constraints on the network topology. Sufficient conditions are introduced to guarantee the stability of estimates obtained in this way, without resorting to commonly used but stringent conventional statistical assumptions about the observation noise, such as randomness, independence, and zero mean. We derive an upper bound of the mean square error of the estimates in the problem of unknown time-varying parameters tracking under unknown-but-bounded observation errors and noisy communication channels. The result is illustrated by a practical application to the multisensor multitarget tracking problem.

关键词： Sensors Approximation algorithms Optimization Noise measurement Perturbation methods Network topology Upper bound Arbitrary noise consensus algorithm distributed tracking multiagent networks randomized algorithm simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA) stochastic stability tracking performance unknown-but-bounded disturbances

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Analysis of the Resnet 50 Compared to Random Forest in Accurately Predicting Attack Infertility in Men 2

Analysis of the Resnet 50 Compared to Random Forest in Accur...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Trends in Quantum Computing and Emerging Business Technologies, TQCEBT 2024

作者： Sagar, A. Vidya Kinol, A.Mary Joy Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences - Simats Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384277

This study aims to investigate the comparative study of Novel ResNet 50 and Random Forest algorithm in terms of their ability to detect male infertility attacks with a higher degree of accuracy. Both the novel Resnet 50 algorithm and the Random Forest algorithm are used to automate the process of detecting infertility in males. These algorithms are simulated using a variety of parameters. Twenty samples were taken from each of the groups. The size of the sample was determined by utilizing ***, with the enrollment rate being maintained at 1, the confidence interval being set at 95%, the alpha error level being set at 0.05, and the G power being set at 80%. When compared to the Random Forest method, which has an accuracy of 95.77%, the Novel Resnet 50 technique produces results that are substantially more accurate (97.77%). Using an independent sample t-test, it was determined that the difference between the Resnet method and the Random Forest algorithm was statistically significant, with a value of 0.008 (p © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： consensus algorithm

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COMPARING AUDIO BOUNDARY ANNOTATION OF VOCAL POLYPHONY: EXPERTS, NON-EXPERTS, AND algorithmS 21

COMPARING AUDIO BOUNDARY ANNOTATION OF VOCAL POLYPHONY: EXPE...

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21st Sound and Music Computing Conference, SMC 2024

作者： Visscher, Mirjam Wiering, Frans Department of Information and Computing Sciences Utrecht University Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9789893520758

It is a challenging computational problem to perform segmentation on vocal polyphony from the Renaissance and early Baroque. In this genre, boundaries between segments are often hidden by overlapping voices. To test algorithms for segmentation, we need boundary annotations by humans as a ground truth, but experts in this field are rare and short on time. Our study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of segmentation algorithms on vocal polyphony using both expert and non-expert annotations. For this, we collect boundary annotations by human experts and non-experts on polyphony. Then, we compare the annotations by the two groups to see whether we can use segmentations by non-experts instead of experts. Finally, we use the expert annotations to evaluate different segmentation algorithms from the MSAF library by Nieto and Bello. The results show that the performance of non-experts comes quite close to that of experts, whereas the tested algorithms are not yet able to perform the task at a similar level. We conclude that non-expert annotations are adequate to act as ground truth for evaluating boundary detectors on vocal polyphony and we present next steps to create a larger dataset for such evaluations. © 2024. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original.

关键词： consensus algorithm

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